KEGG   PATHWAY: ifu04210
Entry
ifu04210                    Pathway                                
Name
Apoptosis - Ictalurus furcatus (blue catfish)
Description
Apoptosis is a genetically programmed process for the elimination of damaged or redundant cells by activation of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases). The onset of apoptosis is controlled by numerous interrelating processes. The 'extrinsic' pathway involves stimulation of members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor subfamily, such as TNFRI, CD95/Fas or TRAILR (death receptors), located at the cell surface, by their specific ligands, such as TNF-alpha, FasL or TRAIL, respectively. The 'intrinsic' pathway is activated mainly by non-receptor stimuli, such as DNA damage, ER stress, metabolic stress, UV radiation or growth-factor deprivation. The central event in the 'intrinsic' pathway is the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), which leads to the release of cytochrome c. These two pathways converge at the level of effector caspases, such as caspase-3 and caspase-7. The third major pathway is initiated by the constituents of cytotoxic granules (e.g. Perforin and Granzyme B) that are released by CTLs (cytotoxic T-cells) and NK (natural killer) cells. Granzyme B, similarly to the caspases, cleaves its substrates after aspartic acid residues, suggesting that this protease has the ability to activate members of the caspase family directly. It is the balance between the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signals that eventually determines whether cells will undergo apoptosis, survive or proliferate. TNF family of ligands activates anti-apoptotic or cell-survival signals as well as apoptotic signals. NGF and Interleukin-3 promotes the survival, proliferation and differentiation of neurons or hematopoietic cells, respectively. Withdrawal of these growth factors leads to cell death, as described above.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cell growth and death
Pathway map
ifu04210  Apoptosis
ifu04210

Other DBs
GO: 0006915
Organism
Ictalurus furcatus (blue catfish) [GN:ifu]
Gene
128598910  traf2a; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
128599078  ctsla; cathepsin La [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
128599461  bcl2a; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2a [KO:K02161]
128599510  ntrk1; high affinity nerve growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K03176] [EC:2.7.10.1]
128599563  tnfsf10; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10 [KO:K04721]
128600219  actb2; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
128600226  [KO:K07374]
128600227  [KO:K07374]
128600260  pdpk1a; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1a [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
128600814  csf2rb; cytokine receptor common subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04738]
128600840  prf1.3; perforin-1.3 [KO:K07818]
128600950  eif2s1b; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1b [KO:K03237]
128601078  parp1; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 [KO:K24070]
128601161  jun; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
128601264  faslg; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
128601495  nfkbiaa; nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha a [KO:K04734]
128601735  tuba8l2; tubulin, alpha 8 like 2 [KO:K07374]
128601766  actb1; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
128601820  akt3b; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
128601824  zgc:55558; GTPase KRas [KO:K07827]
128601964  ern2; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
128602094  ctsh; pro-cathepsin H [KO:K01366] [EC:3.4.22.16]
128602137  [KO:K02159]
128602235  mapk3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
128602490  map3k14a; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14 [KO:K04466] [EC:2.7.11.25]
128602505  [KO:K02159]
128602514  [KO:K02159]
128602566  [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
128602567  [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
128602877  [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
128602878  [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
128602959  hrasb; HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase b [KO:K02833]
128603337  traf2b; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
128603480  pik3r1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
128603623  dab2ipb; DAB2 interacting protein b isoform X1 [KO:K19901]
128603656  aifm1; apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K04727] [EC:1.-.-.-]
128603833  june; junE proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit [KO:K04448]
128603913  [KO:K07818]
128603923  [KO:K07818]
128603937  [KO:K07818]
128603953  [KO:K07818]
128603979  [KO:K07818]
128603988  [KO:K07818]
128603995  [KO:K07818]
128604006  [KO:K07818]
128604109  casp3a; caspase-3a [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
128604408  pdpk1b; 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1b isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
128604481  rela; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
128605318  bcl2l11; bcl-2-like protein 11 isoform X1 [KO:K16341]
128605437  akt3a; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
128605489  eif2ak3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
128605501  [KO:K08669] [EC:3.4.21.108]
128605628  mapk8a; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
128605794  chuk; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
128606016  [KO:K04396] [EC:3.4.22.59]
128606020  [KO:K04396] [EC:3.4.22.59]
128606144  [KO:K04396] [EC:3.4.22.59]
128606629  itpr2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959]
128606634  ctsd; cathepsin D isoform X1 [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
128606701  map2k1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
128606729  bida; BH3 interacting domain death agonist [KO:K04726]
128606850  akt2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
128607083  [KO:K07374]
128607709  ikbkb; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
128607832  prf1.5; perforin 1.5 isoform X1 [KO:K07818]
128607949  itpr3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
128608019  tuba5; tubulin alpha 5 isoform X1 [KO:K07374]
128608067  dffb; DNA fragmentation factor subunit beta [KO:K02311] [EC:3.-.-.-]
128608118  endog; endonuclease G, mitochondrial [KO:K01173]
128608119  dab2ipa; disabled homolog 2-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K19901]
128608121  traf1; TNF receptor-associated factor 1 [KO:K03172]
128608137  nras; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
128608904  casp10; caspase-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
128608989  tuba8l3; tubulin, alpha 8 like 3 [KO:K07374]
128609145  parp4; protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP4 isoform X1 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.-]
128609165  [KO:K04724]
128609212  [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
128609213  [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
128609214  [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
128609215  [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
128609393  [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
128609779  bcl2b; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
128609841  gadd45bb; growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, beta b [KO:K04402]
128609864  parp2; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 [KO:K28005]
128609972  tp53; cellular tumor antigen p53 [KO:K04451]
128610063  badb; BCL2 associated agonist of cell death b [KO:K02158]
128610125  lmna; lamin [KO:K12641]
128610314  [KO:K07374]
128610336  ctsk; cathepsin K [KO:K01371] [EC:3.4.22.38]
128610341  capn1; calpain-1 catalytic subunit [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
128610342  ctss2.1; cathepsin S, ortholog2, tandem duplicate 1 [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
128610398  mcl1b; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1b [KO:K02539]
128610427  ripk1l; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02861] [EC:2.7.11.1]
128610446  [KO:K04448]
128610592  tnfrsf1a; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158]
128610761  casp2; caspase-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02186] [EC:3.4.22.55]
128611217  casp3b; caspase-3b [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
128611436  xiap; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP isoform X1 [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
128611437  [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
128611497  ctsf; cathepsin F [KO:K01373] [EC:3.4.22.41]
128612097  ctso; cathepsin O isoform X1 [KO:K01374] [EC:3.4.22.42]
128612271  si:ch211-1i11.3; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
128612298  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
128612300  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
128612326  [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
128612337  fas; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390]
128612582  fosaa; protein c-Fos [KO:K04379]
128612616  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
128612617  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
128612794  nfkbiab; nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha b [KO:K04734]
128612852  ctsba; cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
128613234  akt1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
128613471  fadd; protein FADD [KO:K02373]
128613479  lmnb2; lamin-B2 [KO:K07611]
128613582  pik3ca; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
128613746  map2k2a; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2a [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
128613961  cts12; procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
128614018  tradd; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein isoform X1 [KO:K03171]
128614048  lmnl3; lamin L3 isoform X1 [KO:K07611]
128614108  gadd45ba; growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, beta a [KO:K04402]
128614261  zgc:153993; apoptosis regulator BAX [KO:K02159]
128614576  pik3r3b; phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 3b (gamma) isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
128614637  ddit3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein [KO:K04452]
128614771  itpr1a; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
128614971  parp3; protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3 isoform X1 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.-]
128615058  ngfb; nerve growth factor [KO:K02582]
128615099  gadd45ab; growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, alpha, b [KO:K04402]
128615269  ctsz; cathepsin Z [KO:K08568] [EC:3.4.18.1]
128615339  tnfa; tumor necrosis factor a (TNF superfamily, member 2) [KO:K03156]
128615371  casp8; caspase-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
128615372  [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
128615586  napsa; napsin-A [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
128615723  daxx; death domain-associated protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02308]
128615745  [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
128615878  [KO:K04466] [EC:2.7.11.25]
128616133  atf4a; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
128616253  [KO:K08738]
128616502  casp7; caspase-7 [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
128616521  si:ch211-153j24.3; protein c-Fos [KO:K04379]
128616632  mapk8b; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
128617298  [KO:K07374]
128617388  birc5a; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5a [KO:K08731]
128617976  apaf1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02084]
128618036  pidd1; p53-induced death domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K10130]
128618140  hrasa; HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase a [KO:K02833]
128618142  fosab; v-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog Ab [KO:K04379]
128618149  kras; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
128618188  [KO:K01371] [EC:3.4.22.38]
128618285  [KO:K01371] [EC:3.4.22.38]
128618528  [KO:K02539]
128619006  bcl2l1; bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
128619025  zgc:158659; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
128619090  casp9; caspase-9 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
128619253  pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
128619362  ngfa; neurotrophin-7 [KO:K02582]
128619519  ikbkg; NF-kappa-B essential modulator isoform X1 [KO:K07210]
128619536  raf1a; raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase a isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
128619772  dffa; DNA fragmentation factor subunit alpha [KO:K02310]
128619806  map3k5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
128619822  birc5b; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5b [KO:K08731]
128619848  [KO:K07374]
128619849  tuba1c; tubulin alpha-1C chain isoform X1 [KO:K07374]
128619909  [KO:K07374]
128619910  [KO:K07374]
128620315  lmnb1; lamin-B1 [KO:K07611]
128620898  pmaip1; phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 [KO:K10131]
128621335  ctsc; dipeptidyl peptidase 1 [KO:K01275] [EC:3.4.14.1]
128621360  diabloa; diablo, IAP-binding mitochondrial protein a [KO:K10522]
128621529  [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
128621645  [KO:K07374]
128621923  [KO:K16943]
128622015  ptpn13; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 13 isoform X1 [KO:K02374]
128622019  sptan1; spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06114]
128622039  bada; uncharacterized protein bada [KO:K02158]
128622154  mapk10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
128622207  birc2; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 [KO:K16060]
128622257  mapk9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
128622317  si:dkeyp-50d11.2; calpain-1 catalytic subunit [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
128622322  diablob; diablo, IAP-binding mitochondrial protein b [KO:K10522]
128622392  [KO:K04402]
128622395  gadd45gb.1; growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, gamma b, tandem duplicate 1 [KO:K04402]
128623904  atm; serine-protein kinase ATM isoform X1 [KO:K04728] [EC:2.7.11.1]
128623924  septin4b; septin 4b isoform X1 [KO:K16943]
128623950  pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
128624033  nfkb1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
128624075  gadd45aa; growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, alpha, a [KO:K04402]
128624239  map2k2b; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2b [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
128624477  [KO:K08568] [EC:3.4.18.1]
128624794  [KO:K07374]
128624795  [KO:K07374]
128624988  raf1b; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
128624999  itpr1b; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
128625304  [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
128625408  mapk1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
128625553  [KO:K08731]
128625619  hdr; hematopoietic death receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04722]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00076  Calcium cation
C00319  Sphingosine
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:26615431
  Authors
Savitskaya MA, Onishchenko GE
  Title
Mechanisms of Apoptosis.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 80:1393-417 (2015)
DOI:10.1134/S0006297915110012
Reference
PMID:23803157
  Authors
Schleich K, Lavrik IN
  Title
Mathematical modeling of apoptosis.
  Journal
Cell Commun Signal 11:44 (2013)
DOI:10.1186/1478-811X-11-44
Reference
PMID:15654015
  Authors
Lavrik I, Golks A, Krammer PH
  Title
Death receptor signaling.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 118:265-7 (2005)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.01610
Reference
PMID:15725726
  Authors
Jin Z, El-Deiry WS
  Title
Overview of cell death signaling pathways.
  Journal
Cancer Biol Ther 4:139-63 (2005)
DOI:10.4161/cbt.4.2.1508
Reference
PMID:15322527
  Authors
Benn SC, Woolf CJ
  Title
Adult neuron survival strategies--slamming on the brakes.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 5:686-700 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrn1477
Reference
PMID:12838338
  Authors
Orrenius S, Zhivotovsky B, Nicotera P
  Title
Regulation of cell death: the calcium-apoptosis link.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:552-65 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1150
Reference
PMID:19148180
  Authors
Clarke P, Tyler KL
  Title
Apoptosis in animal models of virus-induced disease.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 7:144-55 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2071
Reference
PMID:22429822
  Authors
Wen X, Lin ZQ, Liu B, Wei YQ
  Title
Caspase-mediated programmed cell death pathways as potential therapeutic targets in cancer.
  Journal
Cell Prolif 45:217-24 (2012)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00814.x
Reference
PMID:25526085
  Authors
Shalini S, Dorstyn L, Dawar S, Kumar S
  Title
Old, new and emerging functions of caspases.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 22:526-39 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2014.216
Reference
PMID:15601572
  Authors
Philchenkov A
  Title
Caspases: potential targets for regulating cell death.
  Journal
J Cell Mol Med 8:432-44 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2004.tb00468.x
Reference
PMID:9894605
  Authors
Stroh C, Schulze-Osthoff K
  Title
Death by a thousand cuts: an ever increasing list of caspase substrates.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 5:997-1000 (1998)
DOI:10.1038/sj.cdd.4400451
Reference
PMID:23070002
  Authors
Safa AR
  Title
c-FLIP, a master anti-apoptotic regulator.
  Journal
Exp Oncol 34:176-84 (2012)
Reference
PMID:18304445
  Authors
Jeong SY, Seol DW
  Title
The role of mitochondria in apoptosis.
  Journal
BMB Rep 41:11-22 (2008)
DOI:10.5483/bmbrep.2008.41.1.011
Reference
PMID:20533903
  Authors
Parsons MJ, Green DR
  Title
Mitochondria in cell death.
  Journal
Essays Biochem 47:99-114 (2010)
DOI:10.1042/bse0470099
Reference
PMID:15719025
  Authors
Strasser A
  Title
The role of BH3-only proteins in the immune system.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 5:189-200 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nri1568
Reference
PMID:24278747
  Authors
Schonthal AH
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress: its role in disease and novel prospects for therapy.
  Journal
Scientifica (Cairo) 2012:857516 (2012)
DOI:10.6064/2012/857516
Reference
PMID:21145844
  Authors
Malhi H, Kaufman RJ
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver disease.
  Journal
J Hepatol 54:795-809 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.11.005
Reference
PMID:18023214
  Authors
Malhotra JD, Kaufman RJ
  Title
The endoplasmic reticulum and the unfolded protein response.
  Journal
Semin Cell Dev Biol 18:716-31 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2007.09.003
Reference
PMID:16397578
  Authors
Wu J, Kaufman RJ
  Title
From acute ER stress to physiological roles of the Unfolded Protein Response.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 13:374-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401840
Reference
PMID:21914490
  Authors
Repnik U, Stoka V, Turk V, Turk B
  Title
Lysosomes and lysosomal cathepsins in cell death.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1824:22-33 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.08.016
Reference
PMID:22465226
  Authors
Cesen MH, Pegan K, Spes A, Turk B
  Title
Lysosomal pathways to cell death and their therapeutic applications.
  Journal
Exp Cell Res 318:1245-51 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.03.005
Reference
PMID:26231733
  Authors
Dashzeveg N, Yoshida K
  Title
Cell death decision by p53 via control of the mitochondrial membrane.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 367:108-12 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.019
Reference
PMID:22075987
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Related
pathway
ifu04010  MAPK signaling pathway
ifu04020  Calcium signaling pathway
ifu04115  p53 signaling pathway
ifu04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
KO pathway
ko04210   

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