KEGG   PATHWAY: ko05152
Entry
ko05152                     Pathway                                
Name
Tuberculosis
Description
Tuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. About 90% of those infected result in latent infections, and about 10% of latent infections develop active diseases when their immune system is impaired due to the age, other diseases such as AIDS or exposure to immunosuppressive drugs. TB is transmitted through the air and primarily attacks the lungs, then it can spread by the circulatory system to other parts of body. Once TB bacilli have entered the host by the respiratory route and infected macrophages in the lungs, they interfere with phagosomal maturation, antigen presentation, apoptosis and host immune system to establish persistent or latent infection.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: bacterial
Pathway map
ko05152  Tuberculosis
ko05152

Disease
H00342  Tuberculosis
Orthology
K00914  PIK3C3, VPS34; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase [EC:2.7.1.137]
K01368  CTSS; cathepsin S [EC:3.4.22.27]
K01379  CTSD; cathepsin D [EC:3.4.23.5]
K02040  pstS; phosphate transport system substrate-binding protein
K02084  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor
K02144  ATPeV1H; V-type H+-transporting ATPase subunit H
K02146  ATPeV0D, ATP6D; V-type H+-transporting ATPase subunit d
K02154  ATPeV0A, ATP6N; V-type H+-transporting ATPase subunit a
K02155  ATPeV0C, ATP6L; V-type H+-transporting ATPase 16kDa proteolipid subunit
K02158  BAD; Bcl-2-antagonist of cell death
K02159  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX
K02161  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2
K02183  CALM; calmodulin
K02187  CASP3; caspase 3 [EC:3.4.22.56]
K02373  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein
K02580  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit
K03156  TNF, TNFA; tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 2
K03158  TNFRSF1A, TNFR1, CD120a; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A
K03171  TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein
K03175  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [EC:2.3.2.27]
K03661  ATPeV0B, ATP6F; V-type H+-transporting ATPase 21kDa proteolipid subunit
K03662  ATPeVS1, ATP6S1; V-type H+-transporting ATPase S1 subunit
K03990  C3; complement component 3
K04011  CR1, CD35; complement component (3b/4b) receptor 1
K04043  dnaK, HSPA9; molecular chaperone DnaK
K04077  groEL, HSPD1, HSP60, CPN60; chaperonin GroEL [EC:5.6.1.7]
K04348  PPP3C, CNA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit [EC:3.1.3.16]
K04366  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase [EC:2.7.11.1]
K04371  ERK, MAPK1_3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/3 [EC:2.7.11.24]
K04383  IL1A; interleukin 1 alpha
K04391  CD14; monocyte differentiation antigen CD14
K04398  CASP8; caspase 8 [EC:3.4.22.61]
K04399  CASP9; caspase 9 [EC:3.4.22.62]
K04400  CASP10; caspase 10 [EC:3.4.22.63]
K04440  JNK; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8/9/10 (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) [EC:2.7.11.24]
K04441  P38; p38 MAP kinase [EC:2.7.11.24]
K04447  JAK2; Janus kinase 2 [EC:2.7.10.2]
K04456  AKT; RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase [EC:2.7.11.1]
K04498  EP300, CREBBP, KAT3; E1A/CREB-binding protein [EC:2.3.1.48]
K04513  RHOA; Ras homolog gene family, member A
K04515  CAMK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II [EC:2.7.11.17]
K04519  IL1B; interleukin 1 beta
K04687  IFNG; interferon gamma
K04718  SPHK; sphingosine kinase [EC:2.7.1.91]
K04726  BID; BH3 interacting domain death agonist
K04729  MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88
K04730  IRAK1; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 [EC:2.7.11.1]
K04731  IRAK2; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 2 [EC:2.7.11.1]
K04733  IRAK4; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 [EC:2.7.11.1]
K04735  RELA; transcription factor p65
K05132  IFNGR1, CD119; interferon gamma receptor 1
K05133  IFNGR2; interferon gamma receptor 2
K05134  IL10RA, CD210A; interleukin 10 receptor alpha
K05135  IL10RB, CD210B; interleukin 10 receptor beta
K05398  TLR1, CD281; toll-like receptor 1
K05399  LBP; lipopolysaccharide-binding protein
K05403  TIRAP; toll-interleukin 1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adaptor protein
K05405  IL6; interleukin 6
K05406  IL12A; interleukin 12A
K05414  IFNA; interferon alpha
K05415  IFNB; interferon beta
K05425  IL12B; interleukin 12B
K05426  IL23A; interleukin 23 subunit alpha
K05443  IL10, CSIF; interleukin 10
K05482  IL18, IL1F4; interleukin 18
K05704  SRC; tyrosine-protein kinase Src [EC:2.7.10.2]
K05855  SYK; spleen tyrosine kinase [EC:2.7.10.2]
K05870  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1
K06268  PPP3R, CNB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B regulatory subunit
K06461  ITGAM, CD11b; integrin alpha M
K06462  ITGAX, CD11c; integrin alpha X
K06463  FCGR3, CD16; low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor III
K06464  ITGB2, CD18; integrin beta 2
K06472  FCGR2A, CD32; low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor II-a
K06498  FCGR1A, CD64; high affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I
K06505  CD74, DHLAG; CD74 antigen
K06528  LAMP1_2, CD107; lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1/2
K06560  MRC, CD206, CD280; mannose receptor, C type
K06563  CLEC4L_M, DC-SIGN, CD209, CD299; C-type lectin domain family 4 member L/M
K06752  MHC2; MHC class II antigen
K06856  IGH; immunoglobulin heavy chain
K07368  BCL10; B-cell CLL/lymphoma 10
K07369  MALT1; mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 [EC:3.4.22.-]
K07438  CYP27B1; calcidiol 1-monooxygenase (25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase) [EC:1.14.15.18]
K07532  ARHGEF12, LARG; Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12
K07887  RAB5A; Ras-related protein Rab-5A
K07888  RAB5B; Ras-related protein Rab-5B
K07889  RAB5C; Ras-related protein Rab-5C
K07897  RAB7A; Ras-related protein Rab-7A
K07983  FCER1G; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma
K08060  CIITA; MHC class II transactivator [EC:2.7.11.1]
K08061  RFX5; regulatory factor X 5
K08062  RFXANK; regulatory factor X-associated ankyrin-containing protein
K08063  RFXAP; regulatory factor X-associated protein
K08064  NFYA, HAP2; nuclear transcription factor Y, alpha
K08065  NFYB, HAP3; nuclear transcription Y subunit beta
K08066  NFYC, HAP5; nuclear transcription factor Y, gamma
K08539  VDR, NR1I1; vitamin D3 receptor
K08738  CYC; cytochrome c
K08846  RIPK2; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 [EC:2.7.11.1]
K08862  PLK3, CNK; polo-like kinase 3 [EC:2.7.11.21]
K10048  CEBPB; CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), beta
K10049  CEBPG; CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), gamma
K10059  CLEC4E, MINCLE; C-type lectin domain family 4 member E
K10074  CLEC7A, DECTIN1, CD369; C-type lectin domain family 7 member A
K10159  TLR2, CD282; toll-like receptor 2
K10160  TLR4, CD284; toll-like receptor 4
K10161  TLR9, CD289; toll-like receptor 9
K10165  NOD2, CARD15; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2
K10169  TLR6, CD286; toll-like receptor 6
K11217  JAK1; Janus kinase 1 [EC:2.7.10.2]
K11220  STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1
K12478  EEA1; early endosome antigen 1
K12560  FCGR2B, CD32; low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor II-b
K12794  CARD9; caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9
K13241  NOS2; nitric-oxide synthase, inducible [EC:1.14.13.39]
K13375  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1
K13376  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2
K13377  TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3
K13882  CORO1A; coronin-1A
K13916  CAMP, LL37; cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide
K14949  pknG; serine/threonine-protein kinase PknG [EC:2.7.11.1]
K14952  namH; UDP-MurNAc hydroxylase
K14953  lpqH; ipoprotein LpqH
K14954  lprG; lipoprotein LprG
K14955  lprA; lipoprotein LprA
K14956  esx, esat6, cfp10; ESAT-6 family protein
K14957  LSP1; lymphocyte-specific protein 1
K14958  KSR1; kinase suppressor of Ras 1
K16824  FCGR2C, CD32; low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor II-c
K21302  sapM; phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphatase [EC:3.1.3.64]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00338  Lipopolysaccharide
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C01561  Calcidiol
C01673  Calcitriol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
C19190  Trehalose-6,6'-dibehenate
C21790  Mycobacterial trehalose dimycolate
G13101  Lipomannan
G13105  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol pentamannoside
G13106  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol hexamannoside
G13108  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol dimannoside
G13109  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol dimannoside
G13112  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol hexamannoside
G13113  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol pentamannoside
G13114  Lipoarabinomannan
G13115  Mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan
Reference
PMID:21274449
  Authors
Saiga H, Shimada Y, Takeda K
  Title
Innate immune effectors in mycobacterial infection.
  Journal
Clin Dev Immunol 2011:347594 (2011)
DOI:10.1155/2011/347594
Reference
PMID:20415982
  Authors
Dheda K, Schwander SK, Zhu B, van Zyl-Smit RN, Zhang Y
  Title
The immunology of tuberculosis: from bench to bedside.
  Journal
Respirology 15:433-50 (2010)
DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2010.01739.x
Reference
PMID:11932234
  Authors
van Crevel R, Ottenhoff TH, van der Meer JW
  Title
Innate immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  Journal
Clin Microbiol Rev 15:294-309 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/CMR.15.2.294-309.2002
Reference
PMID:18288961
  Authors
Torrelles JB, Azad AK, Henning LN, Carlson TK, Schlesinger LS
  Title
Role of C-type lectins in mycobacterial infections.
  Journal
Curr Drug Targets 9:102-12 (2008)
DOI:10.2174/138945008783502467
Reference
PMID:17359235
  Authors
Jo EK, Yang CS, Choi CH, Harding CV
  Title
Intracellular signalling cascades regulating innate immune responses to Mycobacteria: branching out from Toll-like receptors.
  Journal
Cell Microbiol 9:1087-98 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00914.x
Reference
PMID:21274433
  Authors
Marakalala MJ, Graham LM, Brown GD
  Title
The role of Syk/CARD9-coupled C-type lectin receptors in immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.
  Journal
Clin Dev Immunol 2010:567571 (2010)
DOI:10.1155/2010/567571
Reference
PMID:15083155
  Authors
Koul A, Herget T, Klebl B, Ullrich A
  Title
Interplay between mycobacteria and host signalling pathways.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 2:189-202 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro840
Reference
PMID:20199890
  Authors
Torrelles JB, Schlesinger LS
  Title
Diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis mannosylated cell wall determinants impacts adaptation to the host.
  Journal
Tuberculosis (Edinb) 90:84-93 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.tube.2010.02.003
Reference
PMID:15228522
  Authors
Briken V, Porcelli SA, Besra GS, Kremer L
  Title
Mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan and related lipoglycans: from biogenesis to modulation of the immune response.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 53:391-403 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04183.x
Reference
PMID:19563525
  Authors
Baena A, Porcelli SA
  Title
Evasion and subversion of antigen presentation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  Journal
Tissue Antigens 74:189-204 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01301.x
Reference
PMID:19369951
  Authors
Flannagan RS, Cosio G, Grinstein S
  Title
Antimicrobial mechanisms of phagocytes and bacterial evasion strategies.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 7:355-66 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2128
Reference
PMID:18541216
  Authors
Pieters J
  Title
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the macrophage: maintaining a balance.
  Journal
Cell Host Microbe 3:399-407 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2008.05.006
Reference
PMID:19634703
  Authors
Scherr N, Jayachandran R, Mueller P, Pieters J
  Title
Interference of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with macrophage responses.
  Journal
Indian J Exp Biol 47:401-6 (2009)
Reference
PMID:16200082
  Authors
Reith W, LeibundGut-Landmann S, Waldburger JM.
  Title
Regulation of MHC class II gene expression by the class II transactivator.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 5:793-806 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nri1708
Reference
PMID:17785780
  Authors
Rothfuchs AG, Bafica A, Feng CG, Egen JG, Williams DL, Brown GD, Sher A
  Title
Dectin-1 interaction with Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to enhanced IL-12p40 production by splenic dendritic cells.
  Journal
J Immunol 179:3463-71 (2007)
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.179.6.3463
Reference
PMID:18407066
  Authors
Master SS, Rampini SK, Davis AS, Keller C, Ehlers S, Springer B, Timmins GS, Sander P, Deretic V
  Title
Mycobacterium tuberculosis prevents inflammasome activation.
  Journal
Cell Host Microbe 3:224-32 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2008.03.003
Reference
PMID:11378475
  Authors
Shtrichman R, Samuel CE
  Title
The role of gamma interferon in antimicrobial immunity.
  Journal
Curr Opin Microbiol 4:251-9 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S1369-5274(00)00199-5
Related
pathway
ko00571  Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) biosynthesis
ko04010  MAPK signaling pathway
ko04210  Apoptosis
ko04612  Antigen processing and presentation
ko04620  Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
ko04621  NOD-like receptor signaling pathway
ko04630  JAK-STAT signaling pathway

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