KEGG   PATHWAY: kmr04210
Entry
kmr04210                    Pathway                                
Name
Apoptosis - Kryptolebias marmoratus (mangrove rivulus)
Description
Apoptosis is a genetically programmed process for the elimination of damaged or redundant cells by activation of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases). The onset of apoptosis is controlled by numerous interrelating processes. The 'extrinsic' pathway involves stimulation of members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor subfamily, such as TNFRI, CD95/Fas or TRAILR (death receptors), located at the cell surface, by their specific ligands, such as TNF-alpha, FasL or TRAIL, respectively. The 'intrinsic' pathway is activated mainly by non-receptor stimuli, such as DNA damage, ER stress, metabolic stress, UV radiation or growth-factor deprivation. The central event in the 'intrinsic' pathway is the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), which leads to the release of cytochrome c. These two pathways converge at the level of effector caspases, such as caspase-3 and caspase-7. The third major pathway is initiated by the constituents of cytotoxic granules (e.g. Perforin and Granzyme B) that are released by CTLs (cytotoxic T-cells) and NK (natural killer) cells. Granzyme B, similarly to the caspases, cleaves its substrates after aspartic acid residues, suggesting that this protease has the ability to activate members of the caspase family directly. It is the balance between the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signals that eventually determines whether cells will undergo apoptosis, survive or proliferate. TNF family of ligands activates anti-apoptotic or cell-survival signals as well as apoptotic signals. NGF and Interleukin-3 promotes the survival, proliferation and differentiation of neurons or hematopoietic cells, respectively. Withdrawal of these growth factors leads to cell death, as described above.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cell growth and death
Pathway map
kmr04210  Apoptosis
kmr04210

Other DBs
GO: 0006915
Organism
Kryptolebias marmoratus (mangrove rivulus) [GN:kmr]
Gene
108247980  tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10-like isoform X1 [KO:K04721]
108234661  tnfsf10; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10 [KO:K04721]
108247039  tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A isoform X1 [KO:K04722]
108242614  tnfrsfa; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member a [KO:K04722]
108231281  cd40lg; CD40 ligand [KO:K04389]
108230718  faslg; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
108243471  fas; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390]
108237856  fadd; protein FADD [KO:K02373]
108248581  tnfa; tumor necrosis factor a (TNF superfamily, member 2) [KO:K03156]
108235424  tnfrsf1a; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158]
108236809  si:ch211-112c15.8; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A isoform X1 [KO:K03158]
108251103  tradd; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein [KO:K03171]
108240700  CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator isoform X2 [KO:K04724]
108238317  casp8; caspase-8 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
108238318  caspase-8-like [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
108239714  casp10; caspase-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
108230993  caspase-6 [KO:K04396] [EC:3.4.22.59]
108240012  caspase-3 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
108234461  casp3a; caspase-3a [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
108246368  casp7; caspase-7 isoform X1 [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
108242539  caspase-7-like [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
108246126  apoptosis regulator BAX [KO:K02159]
108246134  apoptosis regulator BAX [KO:K02159]
108237852  zgc:153993; apoptosis regulator BAX [KO:K02159]
108235939  diablo homolog, mitochondrial [KO:K10522]
108235940  diablo homolog, mitochondrial-like [KO:K10522]
108238946  septin-5 isoform X1 [KO:K16943]
108246052  sept4b; septin 4b isoform X2 [KO:K16943]
108235278  serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K08669] [EC:3.4.21.108]
108239729  cytochrome c-b [KO:K08738]
108242985  cytochrome c iso-1/iso-2 [KO:K08738]
108238381  cytochrome c iso-1/iso-2 [KO:K08738]
108233243  apaf1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X2 [KO:K02084]
108233046  casp9; caspase-9 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
108244797  prf1.5; perforin 1.5 [KO:K07818]
108237719  perforin-1-like [KO:K07818]
108237735  perforin-1-like [KO:K07818]
108244016  perforin-1-like [KO:K07818]
108230697  granzyme B(G,H)-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
108230705  granzyme G [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
108230706  duodenase-1-like isoform X2 [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
108230707  granzyme B(G,H)-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
108230710  mast cell protease 1A isoform X1 [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
108230712  granzyme E-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
108230715  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
112450232  chymase-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
108238504  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
108251018  tubulin alpha-1B chain-like [KO:K07374]
108251627  tubulin alpha-1A chain [KO:K07374]
108249182  tubulin alpha-1C chain [KO:K07374]
108249557  tuba5; tubulin alpha 5 [KO:K07374]
108247625  tuba1c; tubulin alpha-1C chain [KO:K07374]
108247626  tubulin alpha-1B chain [KO:K07374]
108237630  tubulin alpha-1B chain-like [KO:K07374]
108234222  tubulin alpha-1B chain-like [KO:K07374]
108240406  tubulin alpha chain [KO:K07374]
108240407  tubulin alpha chain-like [KO:K07374]
108236391  tubulin alpha-1B chain-like [KO:K07374]
108240438  tubulin alpha chain [KO:K07374]
108228966  tubulin alpha-1C chain [KO:K07374]
108247966  tubulin alpha-1B chain-like [KO:K07374]
108243239  mcl1b; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1b [KO:K02539]
108244554  actb1; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
108236185  actb2; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
108250310  sptan1; spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform X5 [KO:K06114]
108250646  lamin-A isoform X1 [KO:K12641]
108248891  lamin-A [KO:K12641]
108246467  lmnb1; lamin-B1 [KO:K07611]
108250097  lmnb2; lamin-B2 [KO:K07611]
108240142  parp1; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 [KO:K24070] [EC:2.4.2.30]
108247753  parp4; protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP4 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
108235580  parp3; protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
108232789  parp2; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
108236837  dffa; DNA fragmentation factor subunit alpha [KO:K02310]
108233128  dffb; DNA fragmentation factor subunit beta [KO:K02311] [EC:3.-.-.-]
108248087  endog; endonuclease G, mitochondrial [KO:K01173]
108233891  aifm1; apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K04727] [EC:1.-.-.-]
108239231  serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
108230211  ern2; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
108249884  traf2a; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
108244062  TNF receptor-associated factor 2 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
108230862  traf2b; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
108235741  itpr1a; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
108244393  itpr1b; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
108239960  itpr2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X2 [KO:K04959]
108251566  itpr3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
108247006  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calpain-1 catalytic subunit-like [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
108248456  capn1; calpain-1 catalytic subunit [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
108234076  capn1a; calpain 1, (mu/I) large subunit a [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
108251140  capn1b; calpain-1 catalytic subunit b [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
108251143  calpain-2 catalytic subunit [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
108251144  capn2b; calpain 2, (m/II) large subunit b [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
108234077  calpain-2 catalytic subunit-like [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
108234124  calpain-2 catalytic subunit [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
108247269  eif2ak3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
108233445  eif2s1b; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1b [KO:K03237]
108231541  atf4a; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04374]
108236059  atf4b; activating transcription factor 4b [KO:K04374]
108231469  ddit3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein [KO:K04452]
108237382  ctsba; cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
108240069  cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
108244622  ctsc; dipeptidyl peptidase 1 [KO:K01275] [EC:3.4.14.1]
108236192  napsa; napsin-A [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
108237985  ctsf; cathepsin F [KO:K01373] [EC:3.4.22.41]
108230028  ctsh; pro-cathepsin H [KO:K01366] [EC:3.4.22.16]
108237393  pro-cathepsin H [KO:K01366] [EC:3.4.22.16]
108243181  ctsk; cathepsin K [KO:K01371] [EC:3.4.22.38]
108245870  procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
108245871  procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
108232067  ctsl.1; cathepsin L.1 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
108243365  cts12; procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
108236687  ctso; cathepsin O [KO:K01374] [EC:3.4.22.42]
108243190  ctss2.1; cathepsin S, ortholog2, tandem duplicate 1 [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
108232812  cathepsin Z [KO:K08568] [EC:3.4.18.1]
108236644  cathepsin Z [KO:K08568] [EC:3.4.18.1]
108235675  ctsz; cathepsin Z [KO:K08568] [EC:3.4.18.1]
108237026  birc2; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 [KO:K16060]
108237932  E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
108237147  birc5a; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5a [KO:K08731]
108244583  birc5b; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5b isoform X1 [KO:K08731]
108242694  bcl-2-like protein 11 isoform X1 [KO:K16341]
108246116  bcl2l1; bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
108244384  bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
108239676  bcl2b; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
108229311  apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
108242676  daxx; death domain-associated protein 6 [KO:K02308]
108239582  ripk1l; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 [KO:K02861] [EC:2.7.11.1]
108244777  disabled homolog 2-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K19901]
108248098  disabled homolog 2-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K19901]
108240373  si:ch211-1i11.3; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
108233483  map3k5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
108230987  mapk10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
108234067  mapk8a; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
108240588  mapk9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
108242862  badb; BCL2 associated agonist of cell death b isoform X3 [KO:K02158]
108238338  transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
108230559  jun; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
108233178  fosaa; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
108242438  fosab; v-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog Ab [KO:K04379]
108242442  si:ch211-153j24.3; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
108228351  tp53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform X1 [KO:K04451]
108246150  map3k14a; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14 [KO:K04466] [EC:2.7.11.25]
108250658  inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
108234021  inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha-like [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
108233707  ikbkb; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
108249185  ikbkg; NF-kappa-B essential modulator [KO:K07210]
108231757  nfkbiaa; nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha a [KO:K04734]
108241774  nfkbiab; nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha b [KO:K04734]
108228584  nfkb1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit [KO:K02580]
108239405  rela; transcription factor p65 isoform X1 [KO:K04735]
108231014  ptpn13; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 13 isoform X1 [KO:K02374]
108246248  gadd45ab; growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, alpha, b [KO:K04402]
108233587  gadd45ga; growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, gamma a [KO:K04402]
108246648  growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402]
108250912  gadd45gb.1; growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, gamma b, tandem duplicate 1 [KO:K04402]
108244486  gadd45aa; growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, alpha, a [KO:K04402]
108233341  growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta-like [KO:K04402]
108238195  atm; serine-protein kinase ATM isoform X1 [KO:K04728] [EC:2.7.11.1]
108229869  pidd1; p53-induced death domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K10130]
119617657  pmaip1; phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 [KO:K10131]
108235415  casp2; caspase-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02186] [EC:3.4.22.55]
108231487  ngfb; nerve growth factor [KO:K02582]
108235167  ngfa; neurotrophin-7 isoform X1 [KO:K02582]
108246005  ntrk1; high affinity nerve growth factor receptor [KO:K03176] [EC:2.7.10.1]
108236108  csf2rb; cytokine receptor common subunit beta [KO:K04738]
108238323  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
108239366  pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
108236692  pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
108248584  zgc:158659; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
108238424  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
108245882  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha [KO:K02649]
108244850  pik3r2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
108250884  pik3r1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
108247561  pik3r3b; phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 3b (gamma) isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
108238336  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
108234365  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
108237196  pdpk1b; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
108244154  akt3a; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
108236811  akt1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
108246299  akt3b; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
108238174  akt2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
108239982  GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
108239964  kras; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
108243005  zgc:55558 [KO:K07827]
108232050  raf1a; raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase a isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
108230045  map2k1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
108230840  map2k2a; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2a [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
108242980  mapk3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
108244549  mapk1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00076  Calcium cation
C00319  Sphingosine
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:26615431
  Authors
Savitskaya MA, Onishchenko GE
  Title
Mechanisms of Apoptosis.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 80:1393-417 (2015)
DOI:10.1134/S0006297915110012
Reference
PMID:23803157
  Authors
Schleich K, Lavrik IN
  Title
Mathematical modeling of apoptosis.
  Journal
Cell Commun Signal 11:44 (2013)
DOI:10.1186/1478-811X-11-44
Reference
PMID:15654015
  Authors
Lavrik I, Golks A, Krammer PH
  Title
Death receptor signaling.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 118:265-7 (2005)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.01610
Reference
PMID:15725726
  Authors
Jin Z, El-Deiry WS
  Title
Overview of cell death signaling pathways.
  Journal
Cancer Biol Ther 4:139-63 (2005)
DOI:10.4161/cbt.4.2.1508
Reference
PMID:15322527
  Authors
Benn SC, Woolf CJ
  Title
Adult neuron survival strategies--slamming on the brakes.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 5:686-700 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrn1477
Reference
PMID:12838338
  Authors
Orrenius S, Zhivotovsky B, Nicotera P
  Title
Regulation of cell death: the calcium-apoptosis link.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:552-65 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1150
Reference
PMID:19148180
  Authors
Clarke P, Tyler KL
  Title
Apoptosis in animal models of virus-induced disease.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 7:144-55 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2071
Reference
PMID:22429822
  Authors
Wen X, Lin ZQ, Liu B, Wei YQ
  Title
Caspase-mediated programmed cell death pathways as potential therapeutic targets in cancer.
  Journal
Cell Prolif 45:217-24 (2012)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00814.x
Reference
PMID:25526085
  Authors
Shalini S, Dorstyn L, Dawar S, Kumar S
  Title
Old, new and emerging functions of caspases.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 22:526-39 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2014.216
Reference
PMID:15601572
  Authors
Philchenkov A
  Title
Caspases: potential targets for regulating cell death.
  Journal
J Cell Mol Med 8:432-44 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2004.tb00468.x
Reference
PMID:9894605
  Authors
Stroh C, Schulze-Osthoff K
  Title
Death by a thousand cuts: an ever increasing list of caspase substrates.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 5:997-1000 (1998)
DOI:10.1038/sj.cdd.4400451
Reference
PMID:23070002
  Authors
Safa AR
  Title
c-FLIP, a master anti-apoptotic regulator.
  Journal
Exp Oncol 34:176-84 (2012)
Reference
PMID:18304445
  Authors
Jeong SY, Seol DW
  Title
The role of mitochondria in apoptosis.
  Journal
BMB Rep 41:11-22 (2008)
DOI:10.5483/bmbrep.2008.41.1.011
Reference
PMID:20533903
  Authors
Parsons MJ, Green DR
  Title
Mitochondria in cell death.
  Journal
Essays Biochem 47:99-114 (2010)
DOI:10.1042/bse0470099
Reference
PMID:15719025
  Authors
Strasser A
  Title
The role of BH3-only proteins in the immune system.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 5:189-200 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nri1568
Reference
PMID:24278747
  Authors
Schonthal AH
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress: its role in disease and novel prospects for therapy.
  Journal
Scientifica (Cairo) 2012:857516 (2012)
DOI:10.6064/2012/857516
Reference
PMID:21145844
  Authors
Malhi H, Kaufman RJ
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver disease.
  Journal
J Hepatol 54:795-809 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.11.005
Reference
PMID:18023214
  Authors
Malhotra JD, Kaufman RJ
  Title
The endoplasmic reticulum and the unfolded protein response.
  Journal
Semin Cell Dev Biol 18:716-31 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2007.09.003
Reference
PMID:16397578
  Authors
Wu J, Kaufman RJ
  Title
From acute ER stress to physiological roles of the Unfolded Protein Response.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 13:374-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401840
Reference
PMID:21914490
  Authors
Repnik U, Stoka V, Turk V, Turk B
  Title
Lysosomes and lysosomal cathepsins in cell death.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1824:22-33 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.08.016
Reference
PMID:22465226
  Authors
Cesen MH, Pegan K, Spes A, Turk B
  Title
Lysosomal pathways to cell death and their therapeutic applications.
  Journal
Exp Cell Res 318:1245-51 (2012)
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Related
pathway
kmr04010  MAPK signaling pathway
kmr04020  Calcium signaling pathway
kmr04115  p53 signaling pathway
kmr04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
KO pathway
ko04210   
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