KEGG   PATHWAY: pleu04140
Entry
pleu04140                   Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
pleu04140  Autophagy - animal
pleu04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse) [GN:pleu]
Gene
114680595  Rptor; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204]
114680676  Bad; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death isoform X1 [KO:K02158]
114680760  Tsc2; tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]
114680796  Pdpk1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114680817  Mlst8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X1 [KO:K08266]
114680960  Rab7a; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
114681109  Vps39; vam6/Vps39-like protein isoform X2 [KO:K20183]
114681126  [KO:K20181]
114681172  Rragc; ras-related GTP-binding protein C [KO:K16186]
114681288  Gorasp1; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K26797]
114681486  Sqstm1; sequestosome-1 [KO:K14381]
114681520  Mapk9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114681524  Akt2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114681602  Vamp8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 [KO:K08512]
114682085  Atg2a; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A [KO:K17906]
114682728  Snap29; synaptosomal-associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
114682729  [KO:K20868]
114682732  Mapk1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114682800  Becn1; beclin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K08334]
114682836  Nbr1; next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
114682888  Uba52; ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
114682897  Ulk1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114682947  Ubb; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: polyubiquitin-B [KO:K08770]
114682960  Ulk2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 isoform X1 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114683042  Ppp2ca; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
114683270  Smcr8; guanine nucleotide exchange protein SMCR8 [KO:K23611]
114683532  [KO:K08341]
114683746  Hif1a; hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08268]
114684032  Pik3cd; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
114684038  [KO:K17589]
114684084  Stk11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 isoform X1 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114684152  Prkaca; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
114684368  Akt1s1; proline-rich AKT1 substrate 1 isoform X4 [KO:K16184]
114684401  Atg5; autophagy protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08339]
114684877  Eif2ak3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114685127  [KO:K02833]
114685169  [KO:K21246]
114685398  Rubcn; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein [KO:K19330]
114685480  Vps41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog isoform X2 [KO:K20184]
114685999  Rps6kb2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114686558  Sh3glb1; endophilin-B1 isoform X1 [KO:K11248]
114686777  [KO:K17445]
114687180  Rras; ras-related protein R-Ras isoform X1 [KO:K07829]
114688096  [KO:K08341]
114688121  Map2k2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
114688122  Dapk3; death-associated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114688488  [KO:K02833]
114688966  Pik3r2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
114689597  Mtmr14; myotubularin-related protein 14 isoform X1 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
114689627  Atg7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 [KO:K08337]
114689636  Raf1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114689728  Tax1bp1; tax1-binding protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K21347]
114690416  Ern1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
114690448  Wipi1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 [KO:K17908]
114690559  [KO:K16186]
114690605  Becn2; beclin-2 [KO:K08334]
114690660  Akt3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114691151  Dapk2; death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114691172  Vps11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20179]
114691497  Map2k1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
114691662  Pik3c3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
114691668  Tank; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator isoform X1 [KO:K12650]
114691719  [KO:K10802]
114691773  Wdfy3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K22262]
114691777  Mapk10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114691978  Itpr1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
114692204  Prap1; proline-rich acidic protein 1 [KO:K21250]
114692924  Calcoco2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21348]
114693066  Bnip3; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
114693205  [KO:K08341]
114693293  Tbk1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
114693493  [KO:K02833]
114693507  Pik3r4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114693556  Mras; ras-related protein M-Ras isoform X2 [KO:K07831]
114693559  Pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
114693595  Hras; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
114693743  Atg4c; cysteine protease ATG4C [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
114693805  [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
114693979  Ykt6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 [KO:K08516]
114694008  Mtmr3; myotubularin-related protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
114694043  Ctsd; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
114694642  Wdr41; WD repeat-containing protein 41 isoform X1 [KO:K23610]
114694836  Deptor; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402]
114694848  [KO:K10802]
114694933  Epg5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog [KO:K23883]
114694958  Atg3; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 isoform X2 [KO:K08343]
114695060  [KO:K17606]
114695106  Irs2; insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
114695174  Ins; insulin [KO:K04526]
114695219  Atg4d; cysteine protease ATG4D isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
114695335  Pik3ca; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
114695419  Map3k7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
114695428  Rragd; ras-related GTP-binding protein D [KO:K16186]
114695462  Igf1r; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
114695855  Rab33b; ras-related protein Rab-33B [KO:K07920]
114695870  Supt20h; transcription factor SPT20 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21245]
114695967  Birc6; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
114696032  Atg14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
114696438  Irs1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
114696553  [KO:K02833]
114696654  Atg101; autophagy-related protein 101 [KO:K19730]
114697339  Prkaa1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
114697601  Rras2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
114697766  Eif2s1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
114697891  Atg16l1; autophagy-related protein 16-1 isoform X1 [KO:K17890]
114698061  Rab7b; ras-related protein Rab-7b isoform X2 [KO:K07898]
114698264  Prkacb; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
114698305  Atg4a; cysteine protease ATG4A [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
114698331  Irs4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K17446]
114698482  Zfyve1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K17603]
114698498  Ppp2cb; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
114698522  Nrbf2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 isoform X2 [KO:K21246]
114698582  Nras; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
114698629  Stx7; syntaxin-7 [KO:K08488]
114698692  Uvrag; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein [KO:K21249]
114698739  [KO:K20868]
114699146  Hmgb1; high mobility group protein B1 [KO:K10802]
114699265  Mtmr4; myotubularin-related protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
114699279  Vmp1; vacuole membrane protein 1 [KO:K21248]
114699281  Rps6kb1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114699348  Mapk8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114699417  C9orf72; guanine nucleotide exchange C9orf72 homolog [KO:K23609]
114699493  Vps16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180]
114699698  Atg13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
114699701  Ambra1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17985]
114700070  Rheb; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
114700090  Atg9b; autophagy-related protein 9B [KO:K17907]
114700956  Map1lc3b; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
114701246  Lamp1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
114701290  Wdr45; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K22991]
114701413  Gabarapl1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
114701889  Atg2b; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B [KO:K17906]
114702265  Plekhm1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 [KO:K23282]
114702338  Stx17; syntaxin-17 [KO:K08491]
114702483  [KO:K10802]
114702777  Tsc1; hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
114702810  Bcl2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
114702851  Rragb; ras-related GTP-binding protein B isoform X2 [KO:K16185]
114703046  Akt1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114703139  [KO:K02977]
114703175  Igbp1; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 [KO:K17606]
114703364  [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
114703681  Rab1a; ras-related protein Rab-1A [KO:K07874]
114703850  Pik3r1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
114703921  Wdr45b; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 [KO:K22991]
114704185  [KO:K10435]
114704332  Mapk3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114704457  Cflar; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator isoform X1 [KO:K04724]
114704492  Gorasp2; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 [KO:K26797]
114704537  Vps33a; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A [KO:K20182]
114704555  Camkk2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
114704626  Vps18; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181]
114704729  Ddit4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
114705494  Wipi2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 [KO:K17908]
114705602  Bcl2l1; bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
114705848  Prkaa2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
114705927  Eif2ak4; eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2 isoform X1 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114706201  Rab39b; ras-related protein Rab-39B [KO:K07925]
114706510  Map1lc3a; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435]
114706513  Tp53inp2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21247]
114706924  Pik3r3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
114707799  Atg4b; cysteine protease ATG4B [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
114708034  [KO:K17589]
114708048  Atg10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 isoform X4 [KO:K17888]
114708186  Prkcd; protein kinase C delta type isoform X1 [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
114708252  Prkcq; protein kinase C theta type isoform X1 [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
114708319  Rps27a; ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
114708419  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
114708477  Kras; GTPase KRas isoform X2 [KO:K07827]
114708514  Optn; optineurin [KO:K19946]
114709107  Gabarapl2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
114709332  Atg9a; autophagy-related protein 9A [KO:K17907]
114709578  Rab8a; ras-related protein Rab-8A isoform X2 [KO:K07901]
114709670  Mtor; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114709708  Dapk1; death-associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114709763  Lamp2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 [KO:K06528]
114710063  [KO:K08336]
114710194  Ubc; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: polyubiquitin-C [KO:K08770]
114710523  [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114710534  [KO:K08509]
114710581  [KO:K08341]
114710754  Traf6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
119086120  [KO:K08336]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
pleu04010  MAPK signaling pathway
pleu04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
pleu04142  Lysosome biogenesis
pleu04150  mTOR signaling pathway
pleu04152  AMPK signaling pathway
pleu04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   

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