KEGG   PATHWAY: pmaj04020
Entry
pmaj04020                   Pathway                                
Name
Calcium signaling pathway - Parus major (Great Tit)
Description
Ca2+ that enters the cell from the outside is a principal source of signal Ca2+. Entry of Ca2+ is driven by the presence of a large electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane. Cells use this external source of signal Ca2+ by activating various entry channels with widely different properties. The voltage-operated channels (VOCs) are found in excitable cells and generate the rapid Ca2+ fluxes that control fast cellular processes. There are many other Ca2+-entry channels, such as the receptor-operated channels (ROCs), for example the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors (NMDARs) that respond to glutamate. There also are second-messenger-operated channels (SMOCs) and store-operated channels (SOCs).
The other principal source of Ca2+ for signalling is the internal stores that are located primarily in the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR), in which inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) or ryanodine receptors (RYRs) regulate the release of Ca2+. The principal activator of these channels is Ca2+ itself and this process of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release is central to the mechanism of Ca2+ signalling. Various second messengers or modulators also control the release of Ca2+. IP3, which is generated by pathways using different isoforms of phospholipase C (PLCbeta, delta, epsilon, gamma and zeta), regulates the IP3Rs. Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) releases Ca2+ via RYRs. Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) may activate a distinct Ca2+ release mechanism on separate acidic Ca2+ stores. Ca2+ release via the NAADP-sensitive mechanism may also feedback onto either RYRs or IP3Rs. cADPR and NAADP are generated by CD38. This enzyme might be sensitive to the cellular metabolism, as ATP and NADH inhibit it.
The influx of Ca2+ from the environment or release from internal stores causes a very rapid and dramatic increase in cytoplasmic calcium concentration, which has been widely exploited for signal transduction. Some proteins, such as troponin C (TnC) involved in muscle contraction, directly bind to and sense Ca2+. However, in other cases Ca2+ is sensed through intermediate calcium sensors such as calmodulin (CALM).
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
Pathway map
pmaj04020  Calcium signaling pathway
pmaj04020

Other DBs
GO: 0019722
Organism
Parus major (Great Tit) [GN:pmaj]
Gene
107198383  HTR5A; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A [KO:K04161]
107198461  [KO:K04809]
107198478  GDNF; glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor isoform X1 [KO:K05452]
107198543  FGF18; fibroblast growth factor 18 isoform X1 [KO:K04358]
107199168  CCKBR; gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor [KO:K04195]
107199173  [KO:K04222]
107199198  [KO:K05871] [EC:2.7.10.2]
107199525  [KO:K05849]
107199586  [KO:K13755] [EC:3.1.4.17]
107199749  GNAL; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04633]
107199898  ASPH; aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase isoform X3 [KO:K00476] [EC:1.14.11.16]
107199935  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107199980  SLN; sarcolipin [KO:K22642]
107200114  CYSLTR2; cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2 [KO:K04323]
107200328  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107200506  [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
107200537  PLCD1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase delta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05857] [EC:3.1.4.11]
107200594  PDE1C; calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1C isoform X1 [KO:K13755] [EC:3.1.4.17]
107200735  NFATC1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04446]
107200813  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107201036  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107201154  [KO:K04248]
107201252  VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A [KO:K05448]
107201314  CALM2; calmodulin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
107201330  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
107201331  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
107201468  PPP3R1; calcineurin subunit B type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06268]
107201509  SLC25A6; ADP/ATP translocase 3 [KO:K05863]
107201934  RYR2; ryanodine receptor 2 isoform X4 [KO:K04962]
107202088  PLN; cardiac phospholamban [KO:K05852]
107202093  HTR2A; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A isoform X1 [KO:K04157]
107202123  SLC8A1; sodium/calcium exchanger 1 isoform X7 [KO:K05849]
107202315  CHRM3; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 [KO:K04131]
107202343  FLT1; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 [KO:K05096] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107202360  ITPKB; inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase B [KO:K00911] [EC:2.7.1.127]
107202384  GRM1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04603]
107202466  [KO:K23449]
107202571  TRDN; triadin [KO:K23449]
107202663  [KO:K04163]
107202679  CCKAR; cholecystokinin receptor type A [KO:K04194]
107202688  DRD5; D(1B) dopamine receptor [KO:K05840]
107202754  [KO:K04150]
107202807  FGF20; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 20 [KO:K04358]
107202958  KDR; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 [KO:K05098] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107202986  FGF2; fibroblast growth factor 2 [KO:K18497]
107203082  STIM2; stromal interaction molecule 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18196]
107203083  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107203121  VEGFC; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vascular endothelial growth factor C [KO:K05449]
107203135  TACR3; neuromedin-K receptor [KO:K04224]
107203186  PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
107203422  FGFR3; fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05094] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107203496  EDNRA; endothelin-1 receptor [KO:K04197]
107203533  PDGFRA; platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha [KO:K04363] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107203546  [KO:K01242] [EC:3.2.2.6 2.4.99.20]
107203564  ADRA1D; alpha-1D adrenergic receptor [KO:K04137]
107203600  PDGFC; platelet-derived growth factor C [KO:K05450]
107203603  EGF; pro-epidermal growth factor isoform X1 [KO:K04357]
107203619  SLC25A4; ADP/ATP translocase 1 [KO:K05863]
107203620  FGF5; fibroblast growth factor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04358]
107203661  CYSLTR1; cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 [KO:K04322]
107203705  [KO:K05096] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107203763  PHKA1; phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, skeletal muscle isoform isoform X1 [KO:K07190]
107203885  HTR2C; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C isoform X2 [KO:K04157]
107203899  FGF16; fibroblast growth factor 16 [KO:K04358]
107203940  SLC25A5; ADP/ATP translocase 2 [KO:K05863]
107204071  [KO:K04198]
107204156  FGF23; fibroblast growth factor 23 [KO:K22428]
107204237  [KO:K02183]
107204376  CAMK1D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1D isoform X1 [KO:K08794] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107204397  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
107204416  ATP2B1; plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05850] [EC:7.2.2.10]
107204618  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959]
107204929  GRIN2B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B [KO:K05210]
107204934  FGF6; fibroblast growth factor 6 [KO:K04358]
107204940  MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05099] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107205035  CHRM2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 [KO:K04130]
107205105  PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B [KO:K17386]
107205110  CACNA1I; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I isoform X1 [KO:K04856]
107205229  HGF; hepatocyte growth factor isoform X1 [KO:K05460]
107205234  AVPR1A; vasopressin V1a receptor [KO:K04226]
107205342  FGF3; fibroblast growth factor 3 [KO:K04358]
107205424  P2RX3; P2X purinoceptor 3 [KO:K05217]
107205427  FGF19; fibroblast growth factor 19 [KO:K22603]
107205474  FGF4; fibroblast growth factor 4 [KO:K04358]
107205523  CALM1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
107205563  RYR3; ryanodine receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04963]
107205564  CHRM5; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 [KO:K04133]
107205619  SLC8A3; sodium/calcium exchanger 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
107205795  ITPKA; inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase A isoform X1 [KO:K00911] [EC:2.7.1.127]
107205812  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
107206173  TPCN2; two pore calcium channel protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14077]
107206365  BDKRB2; B2 bradykinin receptor [KO:K03916]
107206367  BDKRB1; B1 bradykinin receptor [KO:K03915]
107206535  [KO:K05840]
107206622  FGF8; fibroblast growth factor 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04358]
107206630  PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
107206684  MCU; calcium uniporter protein, mitochondrial [KO:K20858]
107206711  PLCE1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase epsilon-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05860] [EC:3.1.4.11]
107206735  PPIF; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase F, mitochondrial [KO:K09565] [EC:5.2.1.8]
107206815  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107206845  HTR7; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04163]
107206911  FGFR2; fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05093] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107206958  VDAC2; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 [KO:K15040]
107206961  TACR2; substance-K receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04223]
107207043  RET; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret [KO:K05126] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107207049  ADRB1; beta-1 adrenergic receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04141]
107207490  STIM1; stromal interaction molecule 1 [KO:K16059]
107207537  GRM5; metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04604]
107207551  [KO:K04161]
107207555  MYLK; myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
107207558  PDE1A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A isoform X1 [KO:K13755] [EC:3.1.4.17]
107207560  ERBB4; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05085] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107207567  FGF9; fibroblast growth factor 9 [KO:K04358]
107207601  PLCD4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase delta-4 isoform X2 [KO:K05857] [EC:3.1.4.11]
107207830  CXCR4; C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 [KO:K04189]
107208165  MCOLN3; mucolipin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04994]
107208180  PHKA2; phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, liver isoform [KO:K07190]
107208204  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
107208250  PTGFR; prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04262]
107208269  CACNA1E; voltage-dependent R-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1E isoform X1 [KO:K04852]
107208286  MCOLN2; mucolipin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04993]
107208496  PTGER3; prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype [KO:K04260]
107208732  HTR2B; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B [KO:K04157]
107209000  AGTR1; type-1 angiotensin II receptor [KO:K04166]
107209103  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 [KO:K02183]
107209183  CHRFAM7A; CHRNA7-FAM7A fusion protein [KO:K04809]
107209251  FGF7; fibroblast growth factor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04358]
107209364  NTRK3; NT-3 growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05101] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107209392  PDGFD; platelet-derived growth factor D isoform X1 [KO:K05450]
107209788  PLCG2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2 [KO:K05859] [EC:3.1.4.11]
107209810  MYLK3; myosin light chain kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
107209813  PHKB; phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07190]
107209841  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107209864  NFATC3; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 isoform X1 [KO:K17333]
107210096  OXTR; oxytocin receptor [KO:K04229]
107210223  CAMK1; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08794] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107210239  HRH1; histamine H1 receptor [KO:K04149]
107210255  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X3 [KO:K04958]
107210272  ATP2B2; plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05850] [EC:7.2.2.10]
107210294  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
107210309  MST1R; macrophage-stimulating protein receptor [KO:K05100] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107210413  TNNC1; troponin C, slow skeletal and cardiac muscles [KO:K05865]
107210482  MST1; hepatocyte growth factor-like protein isoform X3 [KO:K23441]
107210649  DRD1; D(1A) dopamine receptor [KO:K04144]
107210662  FGF1; fibroblast growth factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18496]
107210708  HTR4; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 [KO:K04160]
107210746  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107210757  FLT4; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05097] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107210808  HRH2; histamine H2 receptor [KO:K04150]
107210826  VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05862]
107210844  PDGFRB; platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta [KO:K05089] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107210874  ADRB2; beta-2 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04142]
107210899  FGFR4; fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05095] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107210901  ADRA1B; alpha-1B adrenergic receptor [KO:K04136]
107211136  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 isoform X1 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
107211171  [KO:K10785]
107211209  PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X1 [KO:K04359]
107211235  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
107211300  GRIN2A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A isoform X1 [KO:K05209]
107211335  CACNA1H; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H isoform X1 [KO:K04855]
107211567  ORAI1; calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 [KO:K16056]
107211573  NOS1; nitric oxide synthase, brain isoform X1 [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
107211610  P2RX4; P2X purinoceptor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05218]
107211646  ATP2A2; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
107211707  TPCN1; two pore calcium channel protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K16896]
107211738  P2RX6; P2X purinoceptor 6 isoform X1 [KO:K05221]
107211839  ADORA2A; adenosine receptor A2a [KO:K04266]
107211935  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849]
107212141  GRIN1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05208]
107212187  EDNRB; endothelin receptor type B [KO:K04198]
107212243  GRIN2C; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C [KO:K05211]
107212276  VEGFD; vascular endothelial growth factor D [KO:K05449]
107212287  CASQ2; calsequestrin-2 [KO:K23445]
107212334  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
107212499  CACNA1G; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G isoform X16 [KO:K04854]
107212638  SPHK1; sphingosine kinase 1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
107212650  P2RX1; P2X purinoceptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05215]
107212709  P2RX5; P2X purinoceptor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K05219]
107212749  PHKG1; phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, skeletal muscle/heart isoform [KO:K00871] [EC:2.7.11.19]
107212777  ADORA2B; adenosine receptor A2b [KO:K04267]
107212812  NOS2; nitric oxide synthase, inducible [KO:K13241] [EC:1.14.13.39]
107212848  ORAI2; protein orai-2 [KO:K16057]
107212949  ATP2A3; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
107213081  MYLK2; myosin light chain kinase 2, skeletal/cardiac muscle [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
107213097  [KO:K04282]
107213286  GNAS; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha [KO:K04632]
107213300  PLCG1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
107213406  NTSR1; neurotensin receptor type 1 [KO:K04211]
107213408  NFATC2; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K17332]
107213429  TNNC2; troponin C, skeletal muscle [KO:K12042]
107213619  HTR6; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6 [KO:K04162]
107213760  GRPR; gastrin-releasing peptide receptor [KO:K04169]
107213797  ADRA1A; alpha-1A adrenergic receptor [KO:K04135]
107213803  [KO:K05840]
107213806  [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107213844  ADRB3; beta-3 adrenergic receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04143]
107213845  FGFR1; fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04362] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107213916  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15041]
107213934  PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
107213960  MYLK4; myosin light chain kinase family member 4 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
107213981  FGF17; fibroblast growth factor 17 [KO:K04358]
107214151  PTAFR; platelet-activating factor receptor isoform X2 [KO:K04279]
107214529  NTRK1; high affinity nerve growth factor receptor [KO:K03176] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107214754  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857]
107214828  AVPR1B; vasopressin V1b receptor [KO:K04227]
107214836  CAMK1G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1G [KO:K08794] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107214898  ATP2B4; plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 4 [KO:K05850] [EC:7.2.2.10]
107214905  NGF; beta-nerve growth factor [KO:K02582]
107214964  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
107214992  TFEB; transcription factor EB [KO:K15590]
107215018  TRHR; thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor [KO:K04282]
107215054  [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
107215288  PLCD3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase delta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05857] [EC:3.1.4.11]
107215327  ERBB2; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 [KO:K05083] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107215372  FGF22; fibroblast growth factor 22 [KO:K04358]
107215373  GRIN3B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B [KO:K05214]
107215374  [KO:K05869] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107215412  TBXA2R; thromboxane A2 receptor [KO:K04264]
107215591  GNA11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 [KO:K04635]
107215713  FGF10; fibroblast growth factor 10 [KO:K04358]
107215843  F2R; proteinase-activated receptor 1 [KO:K03914]
107216220  NTRK2; BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04360] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107216227  CAMK4; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV [KO:K05869] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107216294  GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
107216435  GRIN3A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A isoform X1 [KO:K05213]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00004  NADH
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
C11556  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
C13050  Cyclic ADP-ribose
C13051  Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Reference
  Authors
Berridge MJ, Bootman MD, Roderick HL.
  Title
Calcium signalling: dynamics, homeostasis and remodelling.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:517-29 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1155
Reference
  Authors
Berridge MJ, Lipp P, Bootman MD.
  Title
The versatility and universality of calcium signalling.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 1:11-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1038/35036035
Reference
  Authors
Wang MC, Dolphin A, Kitmitto A.
  Title
L-type voltage-gated calcium channels: understanding function through structure.
  Journal
FEBS Lett 564:245-50 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00253-4
Reference
  Authors
Ferrier GR, Howlett SE.
  Title
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling: role of membrane potential in regulation of contraction.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 280:H1928-44 (2001)
DOI:10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.5.H1928
Reference
  Authors
Keef KD, Hume JR, Zhong J.
  Title
Regulation of cardiac and smooth muscle Ca(2+) channels (Ca(V)1.2a,b) by protein kinases.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 281:C1743-56 (2001)
DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.6.C1743
Reference
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pathway
pmaj04010  MAPK signaling pathway
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pmaj04210  Apoptosis
KO pathway
ko04020   

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