KEGG   PATHWAY: ajm04210
Entry
ajm04210                    Pathway                                
Name
Apoptosis - Artibeus jamaicensis (Jamaican fruit-eating bat)
Description
Apoptosis is a genetically programmed process for the elimination of damaged or redundant cells by activation of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases). The onset of apoptosis is controlled by numerous interrelating processes. The 'extrinsic' pathway involves stimulation of members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor subfamily, such as TNFRI, CD95/Fas or TRAILR (death receptors), located at the cell surface, by their specific ligands, such as TNF-alpha, FasL or TRAIL, respectively. The 'intrinsic' pathway is activated mainly by non-receptor stimuli, such as DNA damage, ER stress, metabolic stress, UV radiation or growth-factor deprivation. The central event in the 'intrinsic' pathway is the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), which leads to the release of cytochrome c. These two pathways converge at the level of effector caspases, such as caspase-3 and caspase-7. The third major pathway is initiated by the constituents of cytotoxic granules (e.g. Perforin and Granzyme B) that are released by CTLs (cytotoxic T-cells) and NK (natural killer) cells. Granzyme B, similarly to the caspases, cleaves its substrates after aspartic acid residues, suggesting that this protease has the ability to activate members of the caspase family directly. It is the balance between the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signals that eventually determines whether cells will undergo apoptosis, survive or proliferate. TNF family of ligands activates anti-apoptotic or cell-survival signals as well as apoptotic signals. NGF and Interleukin-3 promotes the survival, proliferation and differentiation of neurons or hematopoietic cells, respectively. Withdrawal of these growth factors leads to cell death, as described above.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cell growth and death
Pathway map
ajm04210  Apoptosis
ajm04210

Other DBs
GO: 0006915
Organism
Artibeus jamaicensis (Jamaican fruit-eating bat) [GN:ajm]
Gene
119043451  TNFSF10; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10 [KO:K04721]
119041884  tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A-like isoform X1 [KO:K04722]
119054722  tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A-like [KO:K04722]
119065454  FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
119057762  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390]
119041863  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
119053704  TNF; tumor necrosis factor isoform X1 [KO:K03156]
119060225  TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A isoform X1 [KO:K03158]
119061887  TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein isoform X1 [KO:K03171]
119047616  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator [KO:K04724]
119065514  CFLAR; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator [KO:K04724]
119065511  CASP8; caspase-8 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
119065494  CASP10; caspase-10 [KO:K04400] [EC:3.4.22.63]
119057345  CASP6; caspase-6 [KO:K04396] [EC:3.4.22.59]
119036917  CASP3; caspase-3 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
119040063  CASP7; caspase-7 isoform X1 [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
119055055  caspase-8-like [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
119044372  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist [KO:K04726]
119037607  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
119041220  BAK1; bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer isoform X1 [KO:K14021]
119060765  DIABLO; diablo homolog, mitochondrial [KO:K10522]
119062584  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: septin-4-like [KO:K16943]
119038363  HTRA2; serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial [KO:K08669] [EC:3.4.21.108]
119035254  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
119035643  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
119060513  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02084]
119049966  CASP9; caspase-9 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
119038160  PRF1; perforin-1 [KO:K07818]
119037278  granzyme B-like isoform X1 [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
119044362  TUBA8; tubulin alpha-8 chain [KO:K07374]
119038898  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tubulin alpha-3 chain-like [KO:K07374]
119038913  tubulin alpha-3 chain-like [KO:K07374]
119042369  tubulin alpha-1A chain-like [KO:K07374]
119042383  TUBA1A; tubulin alpha-1A chain [KO:K07374]
119042392  tubulin alpha-1C chain [KO:K07374]
119056884  tubulin alpha-4A chain [KO:K07374]
119056902  tubulin alpha-1D chain [KO:K07374]
119057309  TUBAL3; tubulin alpha chain-like 3 [KO:K07374]
119057933  tubulin alpha-2 chain [KO:K07374]
119045222  induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 homolog [KO:K02539]
119034639  MCL1; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02539]
119041512  ACTB; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
119046540  actin-5C-like [KO:K05692]
119058560  ACTG1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
119052903  SPTAN1; spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1 [KO:K06114]
119039784  LMNA; lamin [KO:K12641]
119043607  LMNB2; lamin-B2 isoform X1 [KO:K07611]
119044002  LMNB1; lamin-B1 [KO:K07611]
119044455  PARP1; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K24070] [EC:2.4.2.30]
119036714  PARP2; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
119036736  PARP3; protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
119058001  PARP4; protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP4 isoform X1 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
119064126  DFFA; DNA fragmentation factor subunit alpha [KO:K02310]
119050560  DFFB; DNA fragmentation factor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02311] [EC:3.-.-.-]
119051610  ENDOG; endonuclease G, mitochondrial [KO:K01173]
119050676  AIFM1; apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K04727] [EC:1.-.-.-]
119036278  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
119036073  TRAF2; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
119036740  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
119048995  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959]
119041225  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
119050263  CAPN1; calpain-1 catalytic subunit [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
119036522  CAPN2; calpain-2 catalytic subunit [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
119060799  caspase-12-like [KO:K04741] [EC:3.4.22.-]
119062169  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119040976  eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha [KO:K03237]
119034800  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
119060217  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
119045974  activating transcription factor of chaperone-like [KO:K04374]
119035664  DDIT3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein [KO:K04452]
119039364  cathepsin B-like protease 2 [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
119049448  CTSB; cathepsin B isoform X1 [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
119043585  CTSC; dipeptidyl peptidase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01275] [EC:3.4.14.1]
119059015  lysosomal aspartic protease-like [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
119057540  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
119041930  CTSF; cathepsin F isoform X1 [KO:K01373] [EC:3.4.22.41]
119051369  cysteine proteinase 1-like [KO:K01373] [EC:3.4.22.41]
119064887  cathepsin F-like [KO:K01373] [EC:3.4.22.41]
119046535  thiol protease aleurain [KO:K01366] [EC:3.4.22.16]
119057245  CTSH; pro-cathepsin H [KO:K01366] [EC:3.4.22.16]
119034729  CTSK; cathepsin K [KO:K01371] [EC:3.4.22.38]
119040361  procathepsin L-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
119052097  procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
119034637  CTSO; cathepsin O [KO:K01374] [EC:3.4.22.42]
119034681  CTSS; cathepsin S isoform X1 [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
119041920  CTSW; cathepsin W [KO:K08569] [EC:3.4.22.-]
119055312  CTSZ; cathepsin Z [KO:K08568] [EC:3.4.18.1]
119054065  BIRC3; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 3 [KO:K16060]
119054066  BIRC2; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 [KO:K16060]
119055846  E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
119058668  BIRC5; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 [KO:K08731]
119062736  BCL2L11; bcl-2-like protein 11 isoform X1 [KO:K16341]
119047720  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
119057575  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
119041193  DAXX; death domain-associated protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02308]
119051788  RIPK1; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02861] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119046899  disabled homolog 2-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K19901]
119052787  mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
119042614  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
119046845  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
119062834  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
119045448  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death isoform X1 [KO:K02158]
119051654  JUN; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
119049259  FOS; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
119059042  cellular tumor antigen p53-like [KO:K04451]
119053542  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 [KO:K04451]
119057364  HRK; activator of apoptosis harakiri [KO:K02512]
119061562  MAP3K14; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14 [KO:K04466] [EC:2.7.11.25]
119064546  CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
119047140  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
119053789  IKBKG; NF-kappa-B essential modulator isoform X1 [KO:K07210]
119062929  NFKBIA; NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha [KO:K04734]
119057921  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
119050282  RELA; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
119039603  PTPN13; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 13 isoform X1 [KO:K02374]
119043594  GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402]
119063423  GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402]
119049327  GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402]
119035933  TRAF1; TNF receptor-associated factor 1 [KO:K03172]
119057261  BCL2A1; bcl-2-related protein A1 [KO:K02162]
119059255  ATM; serine-protein kinase ATM [KO:K04728] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119062202  PIDD1; p53-induced death domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10130]
119056646  BBC3; bcl-2-binding component 3 isoform X1 [KO:K10132]
119054137  PMAIP1; phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 [KO:K10131]
119060599  CASP2; caspase-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02186] [EC:3.4.22.55]
119041752  NGF; beta-nerve growth factor [KO:K02582]
119039739  NTRK1; high affinity nerve growth factor receptor [KO:K03176] [EC:2.7.10.1]
119037702  IL3; interleukin-3 [KO:K04736]
119045748  IL3RA; interleukin-3 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04737]
119060312  CSF2RB; cytokine receptor common subunit beta [KO:K04738]
119043036  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
119044861  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
119064089  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
119052227  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
119053288  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
119046830  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
119041006  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119040479  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119053408  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119063115  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119062206  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
119048987  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
119041711  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
119044815  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119057101  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
119063754  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
119040930  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
119059157  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00076  Calcium cation
C00319  Sphingosine
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:26615431
  Authors
Savitskaya MA, Onishchenko GE
  Title
Mechanisms of Apoptosis.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 80:1393-417 (2015)
DOI:10.1134/S0006297915110012
Reference
PMID:23803157
  Authors
Schleich K, Lavrik IN
  Title
Mathematical modeling of apoptosis.
  Journal
Cell Commun Signal 11:44 (2013)
DOI:10.1186/1478-811X-11-44
Reference
PMID:15654015
  Authors
Lavrik I, Golks A, Krammer PH
  Title
Death receptor signaling.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 118:265-7 (2005)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.01610
Reference
PMID:15725726
  Authors
Jin Z, El-Deiry WS
  Title
Overview of cell death signaling pathways.
  Journal
Cancer Biol Ther 4:139-63 (2005)
DOI:10.4161/cbt.4.2.1508
Reference
PMID:15322527
  Authors
Benn SC, Woolf CJ
  Title
Adult neuron survival strategies--slamming on the brakes.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 5:686-700 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrn1477
Reference
PMID:12838338
  Authors
Orrenius S, Zhivotovsky B, Nicotera P
  Title
Regulation of cell death: the calcium-apoptosis link.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:552-65 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1150
Reference
PMID:19148180
  Authors
Clarke P, Tyler KL
  Title
Apoptosis in animal models of virus-induced disease.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 7:144-55 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2071
Reference
PMID:22429822
  Authors
Wen X, Lin ZQ, Liu B, Wei YQ
  Title
Caspase-mediated programmed cell death pathways as potential therapeutic targets in cancer.
  Journal
Cell Prolif 45:217-24 (2012)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00814.x
Reference
PMID:25526085
  Authors
Shalini S, Dorstyn L, Dawar S, Kumar S
  Title
Old, new and emerging functions of caspases.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 22:526-39 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2014.216
Reference
PMID:15601572
  Authors
Philchenkov A
  Title
Caspases: potential targets for regulating cell death.
  Journal
J Cell Mol Med 8:432-44 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2004.tb00468.x
Reference
PMID:9894605
  Authors
Stroh C, Schulze-Osthoff K
  Title
Death by a thousand cuts: an ever increasing list of caspase substrates.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 5:997-1000 (1998)
DOI:10.1038/sj.cdd.4400451
Reference
PMID:23070002
  Authors
Safa AR
  Title
c-FLIP, a master anti-apoptotic regulator.
  Journal
Exp Oncol 34:176-84 (2012)
Reference
PMID:18304445
  Authors
Jeong SY, Seol DW
  Title
The role of mitochondria in apoptosis.
  Journal
BMB Rep 41:11-22 (2008)
DOI:10.5483/bmbrep.2008.41.1.011
Reference
PMID:20533903
  Authors
Parsons MJ, Green DR
  Title
Mitochondria in cell death.
  Journal
Essays Biochem 47:99-114 (2010)
DOI:10.1042/bse0470099
Reference
PMID:15719025
  Authors
Strasser A
  Title
The role of BH3-only proteins in the immune system.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 5:189-200 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nri1568
Reference
PMID:24278747
  Authors
Schonthal AH
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress: its role in disease and novel prospects for therapy.
  Journal
Scientifica (Cairo) 2012:857516 (2012)
DOI:10.6064/2012/857516
Reference
PMID:21145844
  Authors
Malhi H, Kaufman RJ
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver disease.
  Journal
J Hepatol 54:795-809 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.11.005
Reference
PMID:18023214
  Authors
Malhotra JD, Kaufman RJ
  Title
The endoplasmic reticulum and the unfolded protein response.
  Journal
Semin Cell Dev Biol 18:716-31 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2007.09.003
Reference
PMID:16397578
  Authors
Wu J, Kaufman RJ
  Title
From acute ER stress to physiological roles of the Unfolded Protein Response.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 13:374-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401840
Reference
PMID:21914490
  Authors
Repnik U, Stoka V, Turk V, Turk B
  Title
Lysosomes and lysosomal cathepsins in cell death.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1824:22-33 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.08.016
Reference
PMID:22465226
  Authors
Cesen MH, Pegan K, Spes A, Turk B
  Title
Lysosomal pathways to cell death and their therapeutic applications.
  Journal
Exp Cell Res 318:1245-51 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.03.005
Reference
PMID:26231733
  Authors
Dashzeveg N, Yoshida K
  Title
Cell death decision by p53 via control of the mitochondrial membrane.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 367:108-12 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.019
Reference
PMID:22075987
  Authors
Bouchier-Hayes L, Green DR
  Title
Caspase-2: the orphan caspase.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 19:51-7 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2011.157
Reference
PMID:18238895
  Authors
Baptiste-Okoh N, Barsotti AM, Prives C
  Title
A role for caspase 2 and PIDD in the process of p53-mediated apoptosis.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:1937-42 (2008)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0711800105
Reference
PMID:12949498
  Authors
Aggarwal BB
  Title
Signalling pathways of the TNF superfamily: a double-edged sword.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 3:745-56 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nri1184
Reference
PMID:14737178
  Authors
Steelman LS, Pohnert SC, Shelton JG, Franklin RA, Bertrand FE, McCubrey JA.
  Title
JAK/STAT, Raf/MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt and BCR-ABL in cell cycle progression and leukemogenesis.
  Journal
Leukemia 18:189-218 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/sj.leu.2403241
Reference
PMID:9916983
  Authors
Dragovich T, Rudin CM, Thompson CB
  Title
Signal transduction pathways that regulate cell survival and cell death.
  Journal
Oncogene 17:3207-13 (1998)
DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1202587
Reference
PMID:11520933
  Authors
Sofroniew MV, Howe CL, Mobley WC
  Title
Nerve growth factor signaling, neuroprotection, and neural repair.
  Journal
Annu Rev Neurosci 24:1217-81 (2001)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.1217
Reference
PMID:24769728
  Authors
Kristiansen M, Ham J
  Title
Programmed cell death during neuronal development: the sympathetic neuron model.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 21:1025-35 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2014.47
Reference
PMID:18208375
  Authors
Logue SE, Martin SJ
  Title
Caspase activation cascades in apoptosis.
  Journal
Biochem Soc Trans 36:1-9 (2008)
DOI:10.1042/BST0360001
Reference
PMID:19770840
  Authors
Boivin WA, Cooper DM, Hiebert PR, Granville DJ
  Title
Intracellular versus extracellular granzyme B in immunity and disease: challenging the dogma.
  Journal
Lab Invest 89:1195-220 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/labinvest.2009.91
Reference
PMID:20075940
  Authors
Cullen SP, Brunet M, Martin SJ
  Title
Granzymes in cancer and immunity.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 17:616-23 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2009.206
Related
pathway
ajm04010  MAPK signaling pathway
ajm04020  Calcium signaling pathway
ajm04064  NF-kappa B signaling pathway
ajm04115  p53 signaling pathway
ajm04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
ajm04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
ajm04650  Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
ajm04668  TNF signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04210   
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system