KEGG   PATHWAY: epz04510
Entry
epz04510                    Pathway                                
Name
Focal adhesion - Equus przewalskii (Przewalski's horse)
Description
Cell-matrix adhesions play essential roles in important biological processes including cell motility, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, regulation of gene expression and cell survival. At the cell-extracellular matrix contact points, specialized structures are formed and termed focal adhesions, where bundles of actin filaments are anchored to transmembrane receptors of the integrin family through a multi-molecular complex of junctional plaque proteins. Some of the constituents of focal adhesions participate in the structural link between membrane receptors and the actin cytoskeleton, while others are signalling molecules, including different protein kinases and phosphatases, their substrates, and various adapter proteins. Integrin signaling is dependent upon the non-receptor tyrosine kinase activities of the FAK and src proteins as well as the adaptor protein functions of FAK, src and Shc to initiate downstream signaling events. These signalling events culminate in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton; a prerequisite for changes in cell shape and motility, and gene expression. Similar morphological alterations and modulation of gene expression are initiated by the binding of growth factors to their respective receptors, emphasizing the considerable crosstalk between adhesion- and growth factor-mediated signalling.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cellular community - eukaryotes
Pathway map
epz04510  Focal adhesion
epz04510

Other DBs
GO: 0005925
Organism
Equus przewalskii (Przewalski's horse) [GN:epz]
Gene
103540115  COL4A6; collagen alpha-6(IV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06237]
103540249  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103540380  VAV1; proto-oncogene vav [KO:K05730]
103540564  MYLK3; myosin light chain kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
103540628  PXN; paxillin isoform X4 [KO:K05760]
103540739  ITGA4; integrin alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K06483]
103540812  ACTN4; alpha-actinin-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05699]
103541325  PARVG; gamma-parvin [KO:K06275]
103541647  PPP1CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
103541899  ELK1; ETS domain-containing protein Elk-1 [KO:K04375]
103542187  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
103542197  VEGFB; vascular endothelial growth factor B isoform X1 [KO:K16858]
103542405  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103542441  SHC2; SHC-transforming protein 2 [KO:K17447]
103542876  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503]
103543283  PIP5K1C; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
103543333  EGF; pro-epidermal growth factor isoform X1 [KO:K04357]
103543512  XIAP; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
103543614  CRKL; crk-like protein [KO:K04438]
103544032  COL9A1; collagen alpha-1(IX) chain isoform X1 [KO:K08131]
103544050  MYL2; myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform [KO:K10351]
103544977  FLNA; filamin-A isoform X1 [KO:K04437]
103546289  PIP5K1B; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 beta isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
103546470  THBS2; thrombospondin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04659]
103546580  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
103546589  ITGB4; integrin beta-4 isoform X3 [KO:K06525]
103546826  COL2A1; collagen alpha-1(II) chain isoform X1 [KO:K19719]
103546835  ITGB6; integrin beta-6 isoform X1 [KO:K06589]
103546989  VWF; von Willebrand factor [KO:K03900]
103547138  COL4A3; collagen alpha-3(IV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06237]
103547140  COL4A4; collagen alpha-4(IV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06237]
103547163  ACTN1; alpha-actinin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05699]
103547213  MYL11; myosin regulatory light chain 11 [KO:K12758]
103547261  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103547315  PDGFC; platelet-derived growth factor C isoform X3 [KO:K05450]
103547424  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
103547465  MYLK; myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
103547475  ITGB5; integrin beta-5 [KO:K06588]
103547531  CRK; adapter molecule crk isoform X3 [KO:K04438]
103547537  LAMA4; laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K06241]
103547543  FYN; tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn isoform X1 [KO:K05703] [EC:2.7.10.2]
103547657  PIP5K1A; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 alpha isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
103547802  RAP1A; ras-related protein Rap-1A isoform X1 [KO:K04353]
103547895  ACTB; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
103548123  MYLK4; myosin light chain kinase family member 4 isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
103548136  VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A, long form isoform X3 [KO:K05448]
103548220  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
103548608  PGF; placenta growth factor isoform X1 [KO:K16859]
103548659  LAMB3; laminin subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K06244]
103549076  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103549125  PDGFRB; platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta isoform X1 [KO:K05089] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103549360  IGF1; insulin-like growth factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05459]
103549414  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103549472  PPP1CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
103549474  VCL; vinculin isoform X1 [KO:K05700]
103549559  CHAD; chondroadherin [KO:K06248]
103549571  COL1A1; collagen alpha-1(I) chain [KO:K06236]
103549630  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
103549928  PPP1R12A; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A isoform X1 [KO:K06270]
103550104  VAV3; guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV3 isoform X2 [KO:K05730]
103550160  ERBB2; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05083] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103550588  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103550598  FLNB; filamin-B isoform X2 [KO:K27392]
103550692  DIAPH1; protein diaphanous homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05740]
103550767  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
103550795  COL6A6; collagen alpha-6(VI) chain [KO:K06238]
103550797  COL6A5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-5(VI) chain [KO:K06238]
103550800  [KO:K06238]
103550984  LAMA5; laminin subunit alpha-5 [KO:K06240]
103551055  ITGA3; integrin alpha-3 isoform X2 [KO:K06482]
103551082  ACTG1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
103551104  RAC3; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 isoform X1 [KO:K07861]
103551206  ITGA2B; integrin alpha-IIb isoform X1 [KO:K06476]
103551639  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103551717  MYL10; myosin regulatory light chain 10 isoform X1 [KO:K12756]
103551779  VEGFC; vascular endothelial growth factor C isoform X1 [KO:K05449]
103551857  SHC4; SHC-transforming protein 4 [KO:K17449]
103551868  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
103552000  LAMC2; laminin subunit gamma-2 [KO:K06246]
103552121  LAMC1; laminin subunit gamma-1 [KO:K05635]
103552150  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103552178  TNN; tenascin-N isoform X1 [KO:K06252]
103552228  TNR; tenascin-R isoform X1 [KO:K06252]
103552305  PDGFRA; platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha [KO:K04363] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103552450  LAMB4; laminin subunit beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K06245]
103552516  SHC3; SHC-transforming protein 3 [KO:K17448]
103552581  TLN2; talin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K06271]
103552625  BIRC3; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 3 [KO:K16060]
103552627  BIRC2; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 [KO:K16060]
103552742  EMP1; epithelial membrane protein 1 [KO:K26255]
103552805  ROCK1; rho-associated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04514] [EC:2.7.11.39]
103552847  THBS3; thrombospondin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04659]
103552865  SHC1; SHC-transforming protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06279]
103552888  CTNNB1; catenin beta-1 [KO:K02105]
103552993  LAMA2; laminin subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05637]
103553038  BCAR1; breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05726]
103553088  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
103553123  ITGA6; integrin alpha-6 isoform X1 [KO:K06485]
103553211  SPP1; osteopontin [KO:K06250]
103553398  LAMB2; laminin subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K06243]
103553409  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
103553532  ILK; scaffold protein ILK isoform X1 [KO:K06272] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103553566  COL9A2; collagen alpha-2(IX) chain isoform X2 [KO:K08131]
103553631  COL1A2; collagen alpha-2(I) chain [KO:K06236]
103553650  RAPGEF1; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06277]
103553799  PAK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04409] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103553903  ITGA9; integrin alpha-9 isoform X2 [KO:K06585]
103553980  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103554541  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103554805  DOCK1; dedicator of cytokinesis protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K13708]
103554819  ITGA11; integrin alpha-11 isoform X1 [KO:K06587]
103554942  MYL7; myosin regulatory light chain 2, atrial isoform isoform X2 [KO:K12754]
103554974  KDR; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05098] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103555338  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X1 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103555421  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103555780  RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392]
103555940  VTN; vitronectin [KO:K06251]
103555992  PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X1 [KO:K04359]
103556123  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
103556196  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103556229  ITGA10; integrin alpha-10 isoform X5 [KO:K06586]
103556641  COL4A2; collagen alpha-2(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
103556643  COL4A1; collagen alpha-1(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
103556665  THBS4; thrombospondin-4 [KO:K04659]
103556716  THBS1; thrombospondin-1 [KO:K16857]
103556870  COL9A3; collagen alpha-3(IX) chain [KO:K08131]
103557393  ROCK2; rho-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17388] [EC:2.7.11.39]
103557612  COL6A3; collagen alpha-3(VI) chain [KO:K06238]
103557622  MYL9; myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 [KO:K12755]
103557856  ITGAV; integrin alpha-V isoform X1 [KO:K06487]
103557939  PARVB; beta-parvin isoform X1 [KO:K06275]
103558069  ITGA1; integrin alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K06480]
103558080  ITGA2; integrin alpha-2 [KO:K06481]
103558165  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103558411  COL6A1; collagen alpha-1(VI) chain [KO:K06238]
103558413  COL6A2; collagen alpha-2(VI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06238]
103558482  CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393]
103558687  RAP1B; ras-related protein Rap-1b [KO:K07836]
103558689  ARHGAP5; rho GTPase-activating protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K13709]
103558709  PDGFD; platelet-derived growth factor D isoform X1 [KO:K05450]
103559016  RASGRF1; ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04349]
103559029  CAV3; caveolin-3 [KO:K12959]
103559162  MYLK2; myosin light chain kinase 2, skeletal/cardiac muscle isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
103559208  COL4A5; collagen alpha-5(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
103559421  ITGB7; integrin beta-7 isoform X1 [KO:K06590]
103559577  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103559616  ITGA8; integrin alpha-8 [KO:K06584]
103559731  PAK5; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 5 isoform X1 [KO:K05736] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103559760  ITGB8; integrin beta-8 [KO:K06591]
103559943  PAK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2 [KO:K04410] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103559953  [KO:K12757]
103559954  [KO:K12757]
103560128  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103560150  PPP1CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
103560209  ITGA7; integrin alpha-7 isoform X1 [KO:K06583]
103560301  TLN1; talin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K06271]
103560497  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103560716  ARHGAP35; rho GTPase-activating protein 35 [KO:K05732]
103560746  ITGB3; integrin beta-3 isoform X2 [KO:K06493]
103560907  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
103561038  LAMC3; laminin subunit gamma-3 [KO:K06247]
103561371  CAV2; caveolin-2 [KO:K12958]
103561454  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN isoform X2 [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
103561550  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
103561631  PAK6; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 6 [KO:K05735] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103561782  TNC; tenascin isoform X3 [KO:K06252]
103561848  PTK2; focal adhesion kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05725] [EC:2.7.10.2]
103561902  FLT1; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 [KO:K05096] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103561986  PPP1R12B; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12B isoform X1 [KO:K12329]
103562070  MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05099] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103562408  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103562812  ZYX; zyxin [KO:K06273]
103562875  PPP1R12C; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12C isoform X4 [KO:K17457]
103563053  FN1; fibronectin isoform X1 [KO:K05717]
103563119  EMP2; epithelial membrane protein 2 [KO:K26256]
103563173  HGF; hepatocyte growth factor isoform X1 [KO:K05460]
103563237  ITGA5; integrin alpha-5 [KO:K06484]
103563303  TNXB; tenascin-X isoform X1 [KO:K06252]
103563494  CCND3; G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 isoform X1 [KO:K10152]
103563904  CAPN2; calpain-2 catalytic subunit isoform X1 [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
103564042  VAV2; guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV2 isoform X1 [KO:K05730]
103564464  RAC2; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07860]
103564509  VEGFD; vascular endothelial growth factor D isoform X1 [KO:K05449]
103564595  LAMA1; laminin subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05637]
103565076  COMP; cartilage oligomeric matrix protein [KO:K04659]
103565307  IBSP; integrin-binding sialoprotein [KO:K06253]
103565316  ITGB1; integrin beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05719]
103565679  PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B isoform X1 [KO:K17386]
103566036  PAK4; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05734] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103566066  PARVA; alpha-parvin isoform X1 [KO:K06275]
103566148  LAMA3; laminin subunit alpha-3 isoform X4 [KO:K06240]
103566205  FLT4; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05097] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103566208  PAK3; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103566352  VASP; vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein isoform X1 [KO:K06274]
103566810  RELN; reelin isoform X1 [KO:K06249] [EC:3.4.21.-]
103567332  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
103567629  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103567717  CCND2; G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 [KO:K10151]
103567994  LAMB1; laminin subunit beta-1 [KO:K05636]
139074315  [KO:K05692]
139081876  JUN; transcription factor Jun [KO:K04448]
139082425  [KO:K04353]
Compound
C04637  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:14756624
  Authors
Berman AE, Kozlova NI, Morozevich GE.
  Title
Integrins: structure and signaling.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 68:1284-99 (2003)
DOI:10.1023/b:biry.0000011649.03634.74
Reference
PMID:15179030
  Authors
Lee JW, Juliano R.
  Title
Mitogenic signal transduction by integrin- and growth factor receptor-mediated pathways.
  Journal
Mol Cells 17:188-202 (2004)
Reference
PMID:11573199
  Authors
Danen EH, Yamada KM.
  Title
Fibronectin, integrins, and growth control.
  Journal
J Cell Physiol 189:1-13 (2001)
DOI:10.1002/jcp.1137
Reference
PMID:15459662
  Authors
Guo W, Giancotti FG.
  Title
Integrin signalling during tumour progression.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 5:816-26 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1490
Reference
PMID:11229600
  Authors
Petit V, Thiery JP.
  Title
Focal adhesions: structure and dynamics.
  Journal
Biol Cell 92:477-94 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S0248-4900(00)01101-1
Reference
PMID:12235283
  Authors
Stupack DG, Cheresh DA.
  Title
Get a ligand, get a life: integrins, signaling and cell survival.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 115:3729-38 (2002)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.00071
Reference
PMID:12640026
  Authors
Parsons JT.
  Title
Focal adhesion kinase: the first ten years.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 116:1409-16 (2003)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.00373
Reference
PMID:15688067
  Authors
Mitra SK, Hanson DA, Schlaepfer DD.
  Title
Focal adhesion kinase: in command and control of cell motility.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:56-68 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1549
Reference
PMID:14519391
  Authors
Comoglio PM, Boccaccio C, Trusolino L.
  Title
Interactions between growth factor receptors and adhesion molecules: breaking the rules.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 15:565-71 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0955-0674(03)00096-6
Reference
PMID:15108811
  Authors
Schlaepfer DD, Mitra SK.
  Title
Multiple connections link FAK to cell motility and invasion.
  Journal
Curr Opin Genet Dev 14:92-101 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.gde.2003.12.002
Reference
PMID:14744429
  Authors
Burridge K, Wennerberg K.
  Title
Rho and Rac take center stage.
  Journal
Cell 116:167-79 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00003-0
Reference
PMID:11082269
  Authors
Schmitz AA, Govek EE, Bottner B, Van Aelst L.
  Title
Rho GTPases: signaling, migration, and invasion.
  Journal
Exp Cell Res 261:1-12 (2000)
DOI:10.1006/excr.2000.5049
Reference
PMID:10698680
  Authors
Vanhaesebroeck B, Alessi DR.
  Title
The PI3K-PDK1 connection: more than just a road to PKB.
  Journal
Biochem J 346 Pt 3:561-76 (2000)
DOI:10.1042/bj3460561
Reference
PMID:11882383
  Authors
Nicholson KM, Anderson NG.
  Title
The protein kinase B/Akt signalling pathway in human malignancy.
  Journal
Cell Signal 14:381-95 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0898-6568(01)00271-6
Reference
PMID:15053919
  Authors
Oloumi A, McPhee T, Dedhar S.
  Title
Regulation of E-cadherin expression and beta-catenin/Tcf transcriptional activity by the integrin-linked kinase.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1691:1-15 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2003.12.002
Reference
PMID:11146675
  Authors
Turner CE.
  Title
Paxillin and focal adhesion signalling.
  Journal
Nat Cell Biol 2:E231-6 (2000)
DOI:10.1038/35046659
Reference
PMID:15034601
  Authors
Hlobilkova A, Knillova J, Bartek J, Lukas J, Kolar Z.
  Title
The mechanism of action of the tumour suppressor gene PTEN.
  Journal
Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 147:19-25 (2003)
Related
pathway
epz04010  MAPK signaling pathway
epz04060  Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
epz04070  Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
epz04110  Cell cycle
epz04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
epz04310  Wnt signaling pathway
epz04512  ECM-receptor interaction
epz04810  Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
KO pathway
ko04510   

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