Entry
Name
FoxO signaling pathway - Ovis aries (sheep)
Description
The forkhead box O (FOXO) family of transcription factors regulates the expression of genes in cellular physiological events including apoptosis, cell-cycle control, glucose metabolism, oxidative stress resistance, and longevity. A central regulatory mechanism of FOXO proteins is phosphorylation by the serine-threonine kinase Akt/protein kinase B (Akt/PKB), downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), in response to insulin or several growth factors. Phosphorylation at three conserved residues results in the export of FOXO proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, thereby decreasing expression of FOXO target genes. In contrast, the stress-activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and the energy sensing AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), upon oxidative and nutrient stress stimuli phosphorylate and activate FoxOs. Aside from PKB, JNK and AMPK, FOXOs are regulated by multiple players through several post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, but also acetylation, methylation and ubiquitylation.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Ovis aries (sheep) [GN:
oas ]
Gene
443417 TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein precursor [KO:K13375 ]
554322 TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein isoform X2 [KO:K13376 ]
554323 TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein [KO:K13377 ]
443171 SMAD4; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 [KO:K04501 ]
443169 SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X1 [KO:K23605 ]
101113114 PRKAB2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 [KO:K07199 ]
101107899 PRKAB1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 [KO:K07199 ]
100142674 PRKAG3; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3 [KO:K07200 ]
101103143 PRKAG1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 isoform X3 [KO:K07200 ]
101104483 PRKAG2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 isoform X5 [KO:K07200 ]
101118797 SLC2A4; solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 4 [KO:K07191 ]
443318 IGF1; insulin-like growth factor I precursor [KO:K05459 ]
101109759 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
101110015 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
101117348 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X3 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
101123247 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
101111546 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X2 [KO:K02649 ]
101121455 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X3 [KO:K02649 ]
780484 IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X2 [KO:K07209 ] [EC:2.7.11.10 ]
443101 GRM1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04603 ]
443063 HOMER1; homer protein homolog 1 isoform X4 [KO:K15010 ]
100294659 STAT3; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform X10 [KO:K04692 ]
101109893 GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 isoform X5 [KO:K04364 ]
101115240 GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402 ]
100885762 GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402 ]
101120573 GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402 ]
100135696 FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
101114153 TNFSF10; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04721 ]
101108441 BNIP3; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464 ]
101118285 GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341 ]
101118469 GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341 ]
101117406 GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 isoform X2 [KO:K08341 ]
101111126 IL7R; interleukin-7 receptor subunit alpha isoform X3 [KO:K05072 ]
Compound
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Glauser DA, Schlegel W
Title
The emerging role of FOXO transcription factors in pancreatic beta cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
van der Horst A, Burgering BM
Title
Stressing the role of FoxO proteins in lifespan and disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhang X, Tang N, Hadden TJ, Rishi AK
Title
Akt, FoxO and regulation of apoptosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Eijkelenboom A, Burgering BM
Title
FOXOs: signalling integrators for homeostasis maintenance.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Daitoku H, Fukamizu A
Title
FOXO transcription factors in the regulatory networks of longevity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hedrick SM
Title
The cunning little vixen: Foxo and the cycle of life and death.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Coffer PJ, Burgering BM
Title
Forkhead-box transcription factors and their role in the immune system.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ro SH, Liu D, Yeo H, Paik JH
Title
FoxOs in neural stem cell fate decision.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Maiese K, Chong ZZ, Shang YC
Title
OutFOXOing disease and disability: the therapeutic potential of targeting FoxO proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hagenbuchner J, Ausserlechner MJ
Title
Mitochondria and FOXO3: breath or die.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Maiese K, Chong ZZ, Shang YC
Title
"Sly as a FOXO": new paths with Forkhead signaling in the brain.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Oh HM, Yu CR, Dambuza I, Marrero B, Egwuagu CE
Title
STAT3 protein interacts with Class O Forkhead transcription factors in the cytoplasm and regulates nuclear/cytoplasmic localization of FoxO1 and FoxO3a proteins in CD4(+) T cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Huang H, Tindall DJ
Title
Regulation of FOXO protein stability via ubiquitination and proteasome degradation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Greer EL, Brunet A
Title
FOXO transcription factors at the interface between longevity and tumor suppression.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Seoane J, Le HV, Shen L, Anderson SA, Massague J
Title
Integration of Smad and forkhead pathways in the control of neuroepithelial and glioblastoma cell proliferation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yamagata K, Daitoku H, Takahashi Y, Namiki K, Hisatake K, Kako K, Mukai H, Kasuya Y, Fukamizu A
Title
Arginine methylation of FOXO transcription factors inhibits their phosphorylation by Akt.
Journal
Reference
Authors
van der Horst A, de Vries-Smits AM, Brenkman AB, van Triest MH, van den Broek N, Colland F, Maurice MM, Burgering BM
Title
FOXO4 transcriptional activity is regulated by monoubiquitination and USP7/HAUSP.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhang Y, Gan B, Liu D, Paik JH
Title
FoxO family members in cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Van Der Heide LP, Hoekman MF, Smidt MP
Title
The ins and outs of FoxO shuttling: mechanisms of FoxO translocation and transcriptional regulation.
Journal
Related pathway
KO pathway
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