Entry Name TNF signaling pathway - Pteronotus mesoamericanus (Parnell's mustached bat)
Description Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), as a critical cytokine, can induce a wide range of intracellular signal pathways including apoptosis and cell survival as well as inflammation and immunity. Activated TNF is assembled to a homotrimer and binds to its receptors (TNFR1, TNFR2) resulting in the trimerization of TNFR1 or TNFR2. TNFR1 is expressed by nearly all cells and is the major receptor for TNF (also called TNF-alpha). In contrast, TNFR2 is expressed in limited cells such as CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes, endothelial cells, microglia, oligodendrocytes, neuron subtypes, cardiac myocytes, thymocytes and human mesenchymal stem cells. It is the receptor for both TNF and LTA (also called TNF-beta). Upon binding of the ligand, TNFR mediates the association of some adaptor proteins such as TRADD or TRAF2, which in turn initiate recruitment of signal transducers. TNFR1 signaling induces activation of many genes, primarily controlled by two distinct pathways, NF-kappa B pathway and the MAPK cascade, or apoptosis and necroptosis. TNFR2 signaling activates NF-kappa B pathway including PI3K-dependent NF-kappa B pathway and JNK pathway leading to survival.
Class Environmental Information Processing; Signal transductionBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Other DBs Organism Pteronotus mesoamericanus (Parnell's mustached bat) [GN:
ppam ]
Gene 129061773 ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 [KO:K04450 ]
129062388 CREB3L4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 [KO:K09048 ]
129062851 CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
129063111 CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 [KO:K09047 ]
129065281 TAB3; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 3 [KO:K12793 ]
129066446 CSF2; granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [KO:K05427 ]
129067339 ATF6B; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta isoform X1 [KO:K09049 ]
129067833 TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 [KO:K04404 ]
129068128 NOD2; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K10165 ]
129069407 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
129069755 FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390 ]
129071418 TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158 ]
129074590 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
129074969 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
129075095 TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein [KO:K03171 ]
129075646 TNFRSF1B; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B [KO:K05141 ]
129075675 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
129076577 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
129077831 TAB1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04403 ]
129077836 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
129078156 CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
129079303 DAB2IP; disabled homolog 2-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K19901 ]
129079431 CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
129080390 CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870 ]
129080428 CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator isoform X1 [KO:K04724 ]
129081516 CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048 ]
129085322 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
129088291 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
Reference Authors Chu WM
Title Tumor necrosis factor.
Journal Reference Authors Shuh M, Bohorquez H, Loss GE Jr, Cohen AJ
Title Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha: Life and Death of Hepatocytes During Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.
Journal Ochsner J 13:119-30 (2013)
Reference Authors MacEwan DJ
Title TNF receptor subtype signalling: differences and cellular consequences.
Journal Reference Authors Newton K, Dixit VM
Title Signaling in innate immunity and inflammation.
Journal Reference Authors Pomerantz JL, Baltimore D
Title NF-kappaB activation by a signaling complex containing TRAF2, TANK and TBK1, a novel IKK-related kinase.
Journal Reference Authors Naude PJ, den Boer JA, Luiten PG, Eisel UL
Title Tumor necrosis factor receptor cross-talk.
Journal Reference Authors Faustman D, Davis M
Title TNF receptor 2 pathway: drug target for autoimmune diseases.
Journal Reference Authors Chan FK, Shisler J, Bixby JG, Felices M, Zheng L, Appel M, Orenstein J, Moss B, Lenardo MJ
Title A role for tumor necrosis factor receptor-2 and receptor-interacting protein in programmed necrosis and antiviral responses.
Journal Reference Authors Lee MY, Nam KH, Choi KC
Title iRhoms; Its Functions and Essential Roles.
Journal Related KO pathway
