KEGG   PATHWAY: pteh04210
Entry
pteh04210                   Pathway                                
Name
Apoptosis - Piliocolobus tephrosceles (Ugandan red Colobus)
Description
Apoptosis is a genetically programmed process for the elimination of damaged or redundant cells by activation of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases). The onset of apoptosis is controlled by numerous interrelating processes. The 'extrinsic' pathway involves stimulation of members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor subfamily, such as TNFRI, CD95/Fas or TRAILR (death receptors), located at the cell surface, by their specific ligands, such as TNF-alpha, FasL or TRAIL, respectively. The 'intrinsic' pathway is activated mainly by non-receptor stimuli, such as DNA damage, ER stress, metabolic stress, UV radiation or growth-factor deprivation. The central event in the 'intrinsic' pathway is the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), which leads to the release of cytochrome c. These two pathways converge at the level of effector caspases, such as caspase-3 and caspase-7. The third major pathway is initiated by the constituents of cytotoxic granules (e.g. Perforin and Granzyme B) that are released by CTLs (cytotoxic T-cells) and NK (natural killer) cells. Granzyme B, similarly to the caspases, cleaves its substrates after aspartic acid residues, suggesting that this protease has the ability to activate members of the caspase family directly. It is the balance between the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signals that eventually determines whether cells will undergo apoptosis, survive or proliferate. TNF family of ligands activates anti-apoptotic or cell-survival signals as well as apoptotic signals. NGF and Interleukin-3 promotes the survival, proliferation and differentiation of neurons or hematopoietic cells, respectively. Withdrawal of these growth factors leads to cell death, as described above.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cell growth and death
Pathway map
pteh04210  Apoptosis
pteh04210

Other DBs
GO: 0006915
Organism
Piliocolobus tephrosceles (Ugandan red Colobus) [GN:pteh]
Gene
111543475  TNFSF10; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04721]
111545697  TNFRSF10B; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10B isoform X1 [KO:K04722]
111545701  TNFRSF10A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A [KO:K04722]
111539343  FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
111551313  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04390]
111522332  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
111523940  TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
111555942  TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158]
111541333  TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein isoform X1 [KO:K03171]
111547069  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator isoform X1 [KO:K04724]
111547169  CASP8; caspase-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
111547163  CASP10; caspase-10 [KO:K04400] [EC:3.4.22.63]
111547887  CASP6; caspase-6 isoform X1 [KO:K04396] [EC:3.4.22.59]
111551382  caspase-3-like isoform X1 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
111548479  CASP3; caspase-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
111538909  CASP7; caspase-7 isoform X2 [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
111527587  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist isoform X1 [KO:K04726]
111520083  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
111542928  BAK1; bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer [KO:K14021]
111538160  DIABLO; diablo homolog, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K10522]
111523451  HTRA2; serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K08669] [EC:3.4.21.108]
111528103  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
111541425  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
111551227  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
111551298  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
111551797  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
111551867  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
111543337  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
111543628  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
111534452  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
111545049  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
111555014  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
111524229  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
111525268  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
111539464  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
111526887  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
111540111  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
111520510  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02084]
111527287  CASP9; caspase-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
111537893  PRF1; perforin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07818]
111552883  GZMB; granzyme B [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
113219590  tubulin alpha-3 chain [KO:K07374]
113223361  tubulin alpha-3 chain [KO:K07374]
113219534  tubulin alpha-3 chain [KO:K07374]
111528325  tubulin alpha-3 chain-like [KO:K07374]
111541532  tubulin alpha-3 chain [KO:K07374]
111529485  tubulin alpha-1A chain [KO:K07374]
111542034  tubulin alpha-1A chain [KO:K07374]
111542035  tubulin alpha-1C chain [KO:K07374]
111542037  TUBA1B; tubulin alpha-1B chain [KO:K07374]
111530477  TUBA8; tubulin alpha-8 chain isoform X1 [KO:K07374]
111554861  TUBAL3; tubulin alpha chain-like 3 isoform X1 [KO:K07374]
111548887  TUBA4A; tubulin alpha-4A chain [KO:K07374]
111543617  MCL1; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02539]
111552124  actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
111530610  ACTB; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
113225257  actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
111533492  actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
111546247  actin, cytoplasmic 1-like [KO:K05692]
111526135  actin, cytoplasmic 2-like [KO:K05692]
111542306  ACTG1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
111545872  SPTAN1; spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06114]
111533712  prelamin-A/C [KO:K12641]
111529973  LMNB1; lamin-B1 [KO:K07611]
111520713  LMNB2; lamin-B2 [KO:K07611]
111537070  PARP1; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 [KO:K24070] [EC:2.4.2.30]
111528785  PARP3; protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3 isoform X1 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
111522561  PARP2; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
111525018  PARP4; protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP4 isoform X1 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
111544591  DFFA; DNA fragmentation factor subunit alpha [KO:K02310]
111544604  DFFB; DNA fragmentation factor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02311] [EC:3.-.-.-]
111545807  ENDOG; endonuclease G, mitochondrial [KO:K01173]
111531534  AIFM1; apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K04727] [EC:1.-.-.-]
111542532  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 isoform X1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
111553030  TRAF2; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
111546970  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
111540617  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959]
111543148  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
111522388  CAPN1; calpain-1 catalytic subunit [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
111537094  CAPN2; calpain-2 catalytic subunit isoform X1 [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
111540056  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: caspase-12-like [KO:K04741] [EC:3.4.22.-]
111528197  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111519917  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
111548140  cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
111548991  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
111541810  DDIT3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein isoform X1 [KO:K04452]
111551353  CTSB; cathepsin B isoform X2 [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
111540754  CTSC; dipeptidyl peptidase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01275] [EC:3.4.14.1]
111520563  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
111522372  CTSF; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cathepsin F [KO:K01373] [EC:3.4.22.41]
111527187  CTSH; pro-cathepsin H isoform X1 [KO:K01366] [EC:3.4.22.16]
111543623  CTSK; cathepsin K [KO:K01371] [EC:3.4.22.38]
111554155  CTSL; cathepsin L1 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
111553375  CTSO; cathepsin O [KO:K01374] [EC:3.4.22.42]
111543624  CTSS; cathepsin S [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
111531260  CTSV; cathepsin L2 [KO:K01375] [EC:3.4.22.43]
111522319  CTSW; cathepsin W isoform X1 [KO:K08569] [EC:3.4.22.-]
111555632  CTSZ; cathepsin Z isoform X1 [KO:K08568] [EC:3.4.18.1]
111540065  BIRC3; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K16060]
111540066  baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K16060]
111532918  E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
111542352  BIRC5; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 [KO:K08731]
111524280  BCL2L11; bcl-2-like protein 11 isoform X1 [KO:K16341]
111548123  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
111528437  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
111542921  death domain-associated protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02308]
116418805  DAXX; death domain-associated protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02308]
111548565  RIPK1; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 [KO:K02861] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111550349  DAB2IP; disabled homolog 2-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K19901]
111525521  MAP3K5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
111530867  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
111535725  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
111554538  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
111522294  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
111523160  JUN; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
111521118  FOS; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
111527100  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform X1 [KO:K04451]
111537440  HRK; activator of apoptosis harakiri [KO:K02512]
111525786  MAP3K14; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14 [KO:K04466] [EC:2.7.11.25]
111538794  CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
111544093  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
111524454  NFKBIA; NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha [KO:K04734]
111547971  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
111522422  RELA; transcription factor p65 isoform X1 [KO:K04735]
111530876  PTPN13; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 13 isoform X1 [KO:K02374]
111541101  GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402]
111528537  GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402]
111520681  GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402]
111550331  TRAF1; TNF receptor-associated factor 1 [KO:K03172]
111527179  BCL2A1; bcl-2-related protein A1 [KO:K02162]
111540104  ATM; serine-protein kinase ATM isoform X1 [KO:K04728] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111520555  PIDD1; p53-induced death domain-containing protein 1 isoform X3 [KO:K10130]
111540025  TP53AIP1; p53-regulated apoptosis-inducing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K13773]
111520160  bcl-2-binding component 3, isoforms 1/2 [KO:K10132]
111546851  PMAIP1; phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 [KO:K10131]
111521444  CASP2; caspase-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02186] [EC:3.4.22.55]
111549636  NGF; beta-nerve growth factor [KO:K02582]
111543817  NTRK1; high affinity nerve growth factor receptor [KO:K03176] [EC:2.7.10.1]
111527574  IL3; interleukin-3 [KO:K04736]
111535429  interleukin-3 receptor subunit alpha-like [KO:K04737]
111549048  CSF2RB; cytokine receptor common subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04738]
111521403  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
111544647  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
111523340  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
111554247  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
111539891  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
111548774  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
111554120  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111545216  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111538340  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111540622  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
111549619  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
111546904  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111548354  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
111521954  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
111530673  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
111525729  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00076  Calcium cation
C00319  Sphingosine
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:26615431
  Authors
Savitskaya MA, Onishchenko GE
  Title
Mechanisms of Apoptosis.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 80:1393-417 (2015)
DOI:10.1134/S0006297915110012
Reference
PMID:23803157
  Authors
Schleich K, Lavrik IN
  Title
Mathematical modeling of apoptosis.
  Journal
Cell Commun Signal 11:44 (2013)
DOI:10.1186/1478-811X-11-44
Reference
PMID:15654015
  Authors
Lavrik I, Golks A, Krammer PH
  Title
Death receptor signaling.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 118:265-7 (2005)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.01610
Reference
PMID:15725726
  Authors
Jin Z, El-Deiry WS
  Title
Overview of cell death signaling pathways.
  Journal
Cancer Biol Ther 4:139-63 (2005)
DOI:10.4161/cbt.4.2.1508
Reference
PMID:15322527
  Authors
Benn SC, Woolf CJ
  Title
Adult neuron survival strategies--slamming on the brakes.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 5:686-700 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrn1477
Reference
PMID:12838338
  Authors
Orrenius S, Zhivotovsky B, Nicotera P
  Title
Regulation of cell death: the calcium-apoptosis link.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:552-65 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1150
Reference
PMID:19148180
  Authors
Clarke P, Tyler KL
  Title
Apoptosis in animal models of virus-induced disease.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 7:144-55 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2071
Reference
PMID:22429822
  Authors
Wen X, Lin ZQ, Liu B, Wei YQ
  Title
Caspase-mediated programmed cell death pathways as potential therapeutic targets in cancer.
  Journal
Cell Prolif 45:217-24 (2012)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00814.x
Reference
PMID:25526085
  Authors
Shalini S, Dorstyn L, Dawar S, Kumar S
  Title
Old, new and emerging functions of caspases.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 22:526-39 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2014.216
Reference
PMID:15601572
  Authors
Philchenkov A
  Title
Caspases: potential targets for regulating cell death.
  Journal
J Cell Mol Med 8:432-44 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2004.tb00468.x
Reference
PMID:9894605
  Authors
Stroh C, Schulze-Osthoff K
  Title
Death by a thousand cuts: an ever increasing list of caspase substrates.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 5:997-1000 (1998)
DOI:10.1038/sj.cdd.4400451
Reference
PMID:23070002
  Authors
Safa AR
  Title
c-FLIP, a master anti-apoptotic regulator.
  Journal
Exp Oncol 34:176-84 (2012)
Reference
PMID:18304445
  Authors
Jeong SY, Seol DW
  Title
The role of mitochondria in apoptosis.
  Journal
BMB Rep 41:11-22 (2008)
DOI:10.5483/bmbrep.2008.41.1.011
Reference
PMID:20533903
  Authors
Parsons MJ, Green DR
  Title
Mitochondria in cell death.
  Journal
Essays Biochem 47:99-114 (2010)
DOI:10.1042/bse0470099
Reference
PMID:15719025
  Authors
Strasser A
  Title
The role of BH3-only proteins in the immune system.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 5:189-200 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nri1568
Reference
PMID:24278747
  Authors
Schonthal AH
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress: its role in disease and novel prospects for therapy.
  Journal
Scientifica (Cairo) 2012:857516 (2012)
DOI:10.6064/2012/857516
Reference
PMID:21145844
  Authors
Malhi H, Kaufman RJ
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver disease.
  Journal
J Hepatol 54:795-809 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.11.005
Reference
PMID:18023214
  Authors
Malhotra JD, Kaufman RJ
  Title
The endoplasmic reticulum and the unfolded protein response.
  Journal
Semin Cell Dev Biol 18:716-31 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2007.09.003
Reference
PMID:16397578
  Authors
Wu J, Kaufman RJ
  Title
From acute ER stress to physiological roles of the Unfolded Protein Response.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 13:374-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401840
Reference
PMID:21914490
  Authors
Repnik U, Stoka V, Turk V, Turk B
  Title
Lysosomes and lysosomal cathepsins in cell death.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1824:22-33 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.08.016
Reference
PMID:22465226
  Authors
Cesen MH, Pegan K, Spes A, Turk B
  Title
Lysosomal pathways to cell death and their therapeutic applications.
  Journal
Exp Cell Res 318:1245-51 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.03.005
Reference
PMID:26231733
  Authors
Dashzeveg N, Yoshida K
  Title
Cell death decision by p53 via control of the mitochondrial membrane.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 367:108-12 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.019
Reference
PMID:22075987
  Authors
Bouchier-Hayes L, Green DR
  Title
Caspase-2: the orphan caspase.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 19:51-7 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2011.157
Reference
PMID:18238895
  Authors
Baptiste-Okoh N, Barsotti AM, Prives C
  Title
A role for caspase 2 and PIDD in the process of p53-mediated apoptosis.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:1937-42 (2008)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0711800105
Reference
PMID:12949498
  Authors
Aggarwal BB
  Title
Signalling pathways of the TNF superfamily: a double-edged sword.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 3:745-56 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nri1184
Reference
PMID:14737178
  Authors
Steelman LS, Pohnert SC, Shelton JG, Franklin RA, Bertrand FE, McCubrey JA.
  Title
JAK/STAT, Raf/MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt and BCR-ABL in cell cycle progression and leukemogenesis.
  Journal
Leukemia 18:189-218 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/sj.leu.2403241
Reference
PMID:9916983
  Authors
Dragovich T, Rudin CM, Thompson CB
  Title
Signal transduction pathways that regulate cell survival and cell death.
  Journal
Oncogene 17:3207-13 (1998)
DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1202587
Reference
PMID:11520933
  Authors
Sofroniew MV, Howe CL, Mobley WC
  Title
Nerve growth factor signaling, neuroprotection, and neural repair.
  Journal
Annu Rev Neurosci 24:1217-81 (2001)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.1217
Reference
PMID:24769728
  Authors
Kristiansen M, Ham J
  Title
Programmed cell death during neuronal development: the sympathetic neuron model.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 21:1025-35 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2014.47
Reference
PMID:18208375
  Authors
Logue SE, Martin SJ
  Title
Caspase activation cascades in apoptosis.
  Journal
Biochem Soc Trans 36:1-9 (2008)
DOI:10.1042/BST0360001
Reference
PMID:19770840
  Authors
Boivin WA, Cooper DM, Hiebert PR, Granville DJ
  Title
Intracellular versus extracellular granzyme B in immunity and disease: challenging the dogma.
  Journal
Lab Invest 89:1195-220 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/labinvest.2009.91
Reference
PMID:20075940
  Authors
Cullen SP, Brunet M, Martin SJ
  Title
Granzymes in cancer and immunity.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 17:616-23 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2009.206
Related
pathway
pteh04010  MAPK signaling pathway
pteh04020  Calcium signaling pathway
pteh04064  NF-kappa B signaling pathway
pteh04115  p53 signaling pathway
pteh04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
pteh04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
pteh04650  Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
pteh04668  TNF signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04210   
LinkDB

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