Entry Name Toll-like receptor signaling pathway - Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee)
Description Specific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting microbial pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-bound receptors identified as homologs of Toll in Drosophila. Mammalian TLRs are expressed on innate immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, and respond to the membrane components of Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. Pathogen recognition by TLRs provokes rapid activation of innate immunity by inducing production of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of costimulatory molecules. TLR signaling pathways are separated into two groups: a MyD88-dependent pathway that leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines with quick activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK, and a MyD88-independent pathway associated with the induction of IFN-beta and IFN-inducible genes, and maturation of dendritic cells with slow activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK.
Class Organismal Systems; Immune systemBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map ptr04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
Ortholog table Organism Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) [GN:
ptr ]
Gene 458239 LBP; lipopolysaccharide-binding protein isoform X1 [KO:K05399 ]
462118 CD14; monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 precursor [KO:K04391 ]
741907 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 [KO:K04392 ]
465884 ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1-like [KO:K04392 ]
460858 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
457922 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
471079 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
456565 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K02649 ]
461836 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K02649 ]
450943 TOLLIP; toll-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K05402 ]
460269 MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729 ]
451654 TIRAP; toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein [KO:K05403 ]
451389 FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373 ]
458845 TAB1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 [KO:K04403 ]
463057 TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04404 ]
472749 IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07209 ] [EC:2.7.11.10 ]
461406 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X3 [KO:K02580 ]
468310 MAP2K6; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 isoform X2 [KO:K04433 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
455065 MAP2K4; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 isoform X4 [KO:K04430 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
743199 MAP2K7; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 isoform X3 [KO:K04431 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
460816 IL12A; interleukin-12 subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05406 ]
468677 TICAM1; TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 1 [KO:K05842 ]
462397 RIPK1; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02861 ] [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
472512 IRF5; interferon regulatory factor 5 isoform X4 [KO:K09446 ]
450927 IRF7; interferon regulatory factor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K09447 ]
742813 IKBKE; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K07211 ] [EC:2.7.11.10 ]
453178 TRAF3; TNF receptor-associated factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K03174 ]
747565 IRF3; interferon regulatory factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05411 ]
100615583 CD40; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 isoform X1 [KO:K03160 ]
470892 CD80; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80 isoform X1 [KO:K05412 ]
470900 CD86; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform X1 [KO:K05413 ]
473965 IFNAR2; interferon alpha/beta receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05131 ]
459834 STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta isoform X2 [KO:K11220 ]
451996 STAT2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 isoform X3 [KO:K11221 ]
744767 IRF9; interferon regulatory factor 9 isoform X4 [KO:K04693 ]
739195 CXCL11; C-X-C motif chemokine 11 isoform X1 [KO:K12672 ]
Reference Authors Kawai T, Akira S.
Title TLR signaling.
Journal Reference Authors O'Neill LA, Bowie AG.
Title The family of five: TIR-domain-containing adaptors in Toll-like receptor signalling.
Journal Reference Authors Honda K, Taniguchi T.
Title IRFs: master regulators of signalling by Toll-like receptors and cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors.
Journal Reference Authors Uematsu S, Akira S.
Title Toll-like receptors and Type I interferons.
Journal Reference Authors Akira S, Uematsu S, Takeuchi O.
Title Pathogen recognition and innate immunity.
Journal Reference Authors Yamamoto M, Takeda K, Akira S.
Title TIR domain-containing adaptors define the specificity of TLR signaling.
Journal Reference Authors Means TK, Hayashi F, Smith KD, Aderem A, Luster AD.
Title The Toll-like receptor 5 stimulus bacterial flagellin induces maturation and chemokine production in human dendritic cells.
Journal Reference Authors Aderem A, Smith KD.
Title A systems approach to dissecting immunity and inflammation.
Journal Reference Authors Banerjee A, Gerondakis S.
Title Coordinating TLR-activated signaling pathways in cells of the immune system.
Journal Reference Authors Loniewski KJ, Patial S, Parameswaran N.
Title Sensitivity of TLR4- and -7-induced NF kappa B1 p105-TPL2-ERK pathway to TNF-receptor-associated-factor-6 revealed by RNAi in mouse macrophages.
Journal Reference Authors Arbibe L, Mira JP, Teusch N, Kline L, Guha M, Mackman N, Godowski PJ, Ulevitch RJ, Knaus UG.
Title Toll-like receptor 2-mediated NF-kappa B activation requires a Rac1-dependent pathway.
Journal Reference Authors Uematsu S, Akira S.
Title Toll-like receptors and innate immunity.
Journal Related ptr04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
ptr04610 Complement and coagulation cascades
KO pathway LinkDB All DBs
