Entry
Name
Cellular senescence - Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog)
Description
Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cellular arrest and can be triggered by a number of factors, such as telomere shortening, oncogene activation, irradiation, DNA damage and oxidative stress. It is characterized by enlarged flattened morphology, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-b-gal) activity, secretion of inflammatory cytokines, growth factors and matrix metalloproteinases, as part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Cellular senescence is functionally associated with many biological processes including aging, tumor suppression, placental biology, embryonic development, and wound healing.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cell growth and death
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) [GN:
xla ]
Gene
100036815 cxcl8.L; uncharacterized protein LOC100036815 precursor [KO:K10030 ]
100037000 XB5945946.L; uncharacterized protein LOC100037000 precursor [KO:K10030 ]
100158306 lin9.L; lin-9 DREAM MuvB core complex component L homeolog [KO:K21773 ]
100381102 ppp3cc.L; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
100462912 cacna1d.L; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851 ]
101027271 gadd45b.S; growth arrest and DNA damage inducible beta S homeolog [KO:K04402 ]
108695211 nfatc1.S; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04446 ]
108700276 tgfb1.S; transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein-like [KO:K13375 ]
108700898 nfatc2.L; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 isoform X2 [KO:K17332 ]
108702600 nfatc2.S; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17332 ]
108705261 ppp3cc.S; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
108706884 pik3r2.S; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
108707035 nfatc4.S; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 isoform X1 [KO:K17334 ]
108707078 trpv4.S; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 [KO:K04973 ]
108708125 rassf5.L; ras association domain-containing protein 5 isoform X2 [KO:K08015 ]
108709485 rassf5.S; ras association domain-containing protein 5 isoform X2 [KO:K08015 ]
108710805 vdac1.L; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862 ]
108711406 trpm7.L; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7 L homeolog [KO:K04982 ] [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
108712402 gadd45b.L; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402 ]
108712895 trpm7.S; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04982 ] [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
108713027 pik3r2.L; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
108713974 nfatc3.L; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 isoform X1 [KO:K17333 ]
108714209 gadd45a.L; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04402 ]
108715006 nfatc4.L; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 [KO:K17334 ]
108715661 trpv4.L; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 [KO:K04973 ]
108717120 pik3cb.L; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
108717706 tgfb2.S; transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein-like isoform X1 [KO:K13376 ]
108718090 pik3ca.S; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
108718190 pik3cb.S; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
108719392 trpv4l.2.L; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 [KO:K04973 ]
108719393 trpv4l.1.L; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 [KO:K04973 ]
373752 pik3ca.L; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
373801 tgfb2.L; transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein precursor [KO:K13376 ]
379224 gadd45a.S; growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha S homeolog [KO:K04402 ]
379285 gadd45g.S; uncharacterized protein LOC379285 [KO:K04402 ]
379914 ppp1ca.L; protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit, alpha isozyme L homeolog [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
379991 map2k1.L; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
380186 rheb.L; Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding L homeolog [KO:K07208 ]
380187 slc25a5.L; adenine nucleotide translocator 2 [KO:K05863 ]
380302 zfp36l2.S; mRNA decay activator protein ZFP36L2-A [KO:K18753 ]
380376 vdac1.S; voltage-dependent anion channel 1 S homeolog [KO:K05862 ]
380598 ppp1cc.S; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit B [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
394308 mre11.L; double-strand break repair protein MRE11 [KO:K10865 ]
394353 rela.L; putative transcription factor p65 homolog [KO:K04735 ]
397767 ppp1cc.L; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit A [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
397771 kras.L; kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog L homeolog [KO:K07827 ]
397778 tgfb1.L; transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein precursor [KO:K13375 ]
398085 mybl2.S; myb-related protein B isoform X1 [KO:K21769 ]
398103 zfp36l2.L; mRNA decay activator protein ZFP36L2-B [KO:K18753 ]
398159 e2f3.S; E2F transcription factor 3 S homeolog [KO:K06620 ]
398297 nfatc3.S; nuclear factor of activated T cells 3 S homeolog [KO:K17333 ]
398571 hus1.L; HUS1 checkpoint clamp component L homeolog [KO:K10903 ]
398888 ccnb2.L; uncharacterized protein LOC398888 [KO:K21770 ]
399196 gadd45g.L; growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gamma L homeolog [KO:K04402 ]
399202 pik3r1.S; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha [KO:K02649 ]
399254 itpr1.S; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 S homeolog [KO:K04958 ]
399295 tgfbr1.S; transforming growth factor beta receptor I S homeolog precursor [KO:K04674 ] [EC:2.7.11.30 ]
399372 zfp36l1.S; ZFP36 ring finger protein-like 1 S homeolog [KO:K18753 ]
399406 hras.L; Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog L homeolog [KO:K02833 ]
432106 ppp3cb.L; protein phosphatase 3, catalytic subunit, beta isozyme L homeolog [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
432212 slc25a4.L; solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier, adenine nucleotide translocator), member 4 L homeolog [KO:K05863 ]
443781 gata4.L; GATA binding protein 4 L homeolog [KO:K09183 ]
443782 vdac3.L; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15041 ]
443852 ppp1cb.L; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
443932 mras.L; muscle RAS oncogene homolog L homeolog [KO:K07831 ]
443964 pik3r1.L; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 L homeolog [KO:K02649 ]
444346 nfatc1.L; nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 L homeolog [KO:K04446 ]
446786 pik3r3.S; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 S homeolog [KO:K02649 ]
447196 ppp3ca.L; protein phosphatase 3, catalytic subunit, alpha isozyme L homeolog [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
447594 pik3r3.L; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 L homeolog [KO:K02649 ]
447632 nfkb1.L; nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 L homeolog [KO:K02580 ]
492305 cdkn1a.L; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 [KO:K06625 ]
495064 rad50.L; RAD50 homolog, double strand break repair protein L homeolog [KO:K10866 ] [EC:3.6.-.-]
495419 ccne2.S; uncharacterized protein LOC495419 [KO:K06626 ]
496251 rad9b.L; cell cycle checkpoint control protein RAD9B isoform X1 [KO:K10995 ]
734449 vdac2.S; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 [KO:K15040 ]
779240 cdkn2b.L; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B L homeolog [KO:K04685 ]
779433 serpine1.L; serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E (nexin, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1), member 1 L homeolog precursor [KO:K03982 ]
Compound
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Munoz-Espin D, Serrano M
Title
Cellular senescence: from physiology to pathology.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Childs BG, Durik M, Baker DJ, van Deursen JM
Title
Cellular senescence in aging and age-related disease: from mechanisms to therapy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sharpless NE, Sherr CJ
Title
Forging a signature of in vivo senescence.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Fridlyanskaya I, Alekseenko L, Nikolsky N
Title
Senescence as a general cellular response to stress: A mini-review.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lujambio A
Title
To clear, or not to clear (senescent cells)? That is the question.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Di Mitri D, Alimonti A
Title
Non-Cell-Autonomous Regulation of Cellular Senescence in Cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Francica P, Aebersold DM, Medova M
Title
Senescence as biologic endpoint following pharmacological targeting of receptor tyrosine kinases in cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bartling B
Title
Cellular senescence in normal and premature lung aging.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Munoz-Espin D, Canamero M, Maraver A, Gomez-Lopez G, Contreras J, Murillo-Cuesta S, Rodriguez-Baeza A, Varela-Nieto I, Ruberte J, Collado M, Serrano M
Title
Programmed cell senescence during mammalian embryonic development.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Herranz N, Gallage S, Gil J
Title
TORn about SASP regulation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Martin N, Bernard D
Title
Calcium signaling and cellular senescence.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Farfariello V, Iamshanova O, Germain E, Fliniaux I, Prevarskaya N
Title
Calcium homeostasis in cancer: A focus on senescence.
Journal
Reference
Authors
McCarthy DA, Clark RR, Bartling TR, Trebak M, Melendez JA
Title
Redox control of the senescence regulator interleukin-1alpha and the secretory phenotype.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donninger H, Schmidt ML, Mezzanotte J, Barnoud T, Clark GJ
Title
Ras signaling through RASSF proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Barnoud T, Schmidt ML, Donninger H, Clark GJ
Title
The role of the NORE1A tumor suppressor in Oncogene-Induced Senescence.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kang C, Xu Q, Martin TD, Li MZ, Demaria M, Aron L, Lu T, Yankner BA, Campisi J, Elledge SJ
Title
The DNA damage response induces inflammation and senescence by inhibiting autophagy of GATA4.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cao X, Li M
Title
A New Pathway for Senescence Regulation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gire V, Dulic V
Title
Senescence from G2 arrest, revisited.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Mowla SN, Lam EW, Jat PS
Title
Cellular senescence and aging: the role of B-MYB.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yao H, Chung S, Hwang JW, Rajendrasozhan S, Sundar IK, Dean DA, McBurney MW, Guarente L, Gu W, Ronty M, Kinnula VL, Rahman I
Title
SIRT1 protects against emphysema via FOXO3-mediated reduction of premature senescence in mice.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hwang JW, Yao H, Caito S, Sundar IK, Rahman I
Title
Redox regulation of SIRT1 in inflammation and cellular senescence.
Journal
Related pathway
KO pathway