KEGG   PATHWAY: eai05207
Entry
eai05207                    Pathway                                
Name
Chemical carcinogenesis - receptor activation - Equus asinus (ass)
Description
Carcinogenesis is a multistage process that consists of initiation, promotion, and progression stages. Chemicals or environmental factors may act at any of these stages to induce and/or enhance the carcinogenic process. Based on their mode-of-action, carcinogens can be classified as genotoxic or non-genotoxic. Genotoxic agent begins their action at the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) level, causing DNA damage through several mechanisms. Non-genotoxic carcinogens are chemicals that cause the development of tumors through multiple non-genotoxic events and epigenetic alterations without direct interaction with DNA. One non-genotoxic mechanism involves receptor activation. Biological mechanisms involving receptor activation fall into two broad categories: (i) those that involve cell surface receptors and some intracellular receptors that activate signal transduction pathways, resulting in biological responses, including gene transcription, and (ii) those that involve intracellular receptors that translocate into the nucleus and act as transcription factors regulating gene expression. Both classes of receptors can be involved in mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
Class
Human Diseases; Cancer: overview
Pathway map
eai05207  Chemical carcinogenesis - receptor activation
eai05207

Organism
Equus asinus (ass) [GN:eai]
Gene
106834056  neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 isoform X1 [KO:K04809]
106844136  ARRB2; beta-arrestin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04439]
106840410  ARRB1; beta-arrestin-1 isoform X4 [KO:K04439]
106835088  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
106829345  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106830991  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase-like [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106829635  RB1; retinoblastoma-associated protein isoform X1 [KO:K06618]
106823225  E2F1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transcription factor E2F1 [KO:K17454]
106845247  BIRC5; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 [KO:K08731]
106829909  E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP isoform X1 [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
106826535  CDC6; cell division control protein 6 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K02213]
106821782  CDC25A; M-phase inducer phosphatase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06645] [EC:3.1.3.48]
106843620  JAK2; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 isoform X1 [KO:K04447] [EC:2.7.10.2]
106826327  STAT3; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04692]
106823378  IKBKE; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K07211] [EC:2.7.11.10]
106844248  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503]
106836321  CHRNA4; neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 [KO:K04806]
106828525  CHRNB2; neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04813]
106840833  CHRNA3; neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04805]
106840836  CHRNB4; neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04815]
106839455  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
106822066  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X8 [KO:K04851]
106826963  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853]
106823553  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X3 [KO:K04857]
106822757  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B isoform X1 [KO:K04849]
106844288  CACNA1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344]
106838100  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
106829313  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
106836695  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
106840141  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
106822593  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
106824993  PIK3R2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
106835457  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106839597  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106843289  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106836676  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X3 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106825951  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
106833569  RELA; transcription factor p65 isoform X1 [KO:K04735]
106824973  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
106825548  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X2 [KO:K07827]
106829397  GTPase KRas-like [KO:K07827]
106835678  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
106840602  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
106832322  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
106845632  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
106848262  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
106827712  FOS; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
106833477  JUN; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
106824829  MYC; myc proto-oncogene protein isoform X3 [KO:K04377]
106832883  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
106835567  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
106823831  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
106840859  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
106828747  VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform X1 [KO:K05448]
123278100  ADRB1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: beta-1 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04141]
106838476  ADRB2; beta-2 adrenergic receptor isoform X3 [KO:K04142]
106837694  ADRB3; beta-3 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04143]
106825087  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04632]
106825115  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55 [KO:K04632]
106822932  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
106823001  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
106841140  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
106848607  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
106823728  ADCY5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
106836825  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X1 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
106824126  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
106824833  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
106826021  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
106844316  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
106824036  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
106828159  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
106837905  ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X2 [KO:K04450]
106842437  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
106846249  CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X2 [KO:K09048]
106843990  CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048]
106846981  CREB3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 [KO:K09048]
106829982  CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
106832323  CREB3L3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 [KO:K09048]
106831046  CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047]
106831009  ATF6B; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta isoform X1 [KO:K09049]
106830727  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 isoform X2 [KO:K04630]
106827362  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
106833450  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04630]
106833626  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
106841241  CHRNA9; neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04810]
106835507  RPS6KA3; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-3 isoform X3 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106842063  ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106834323  RPS6KA6; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-6 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106839915  RPS6KA1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106822682  ESR1; estrogen receptor isoform X1 [KO:K08550]
106839153  ESR2; estrogen receptor beta [KO:K08551]
106836840  VDR; vitamin D3 receptor [KO:K08539]
106824516  CCND3; G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 isoform X1 [KO:K10152]
106824133  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
106830292  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04364]
106825844  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
106839506  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
106837686  EIF4EBP1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 [KO:K07205]
106833496  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106841135  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106839938  PAQR7; membrane progestin receptor alpha [KO:K25039]
106827041  PAQR8; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: membrane progestin receptor beta [KO:K25040]
106835662  PAQR5; membrane progestin receptor gamma isoform X1 [KO:K25041]
106831968  PGR; progesterone receptor isoform X1 [KO:K08556]
106847554  TNFSF11; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 isoform X2 [KO:K05473]
106826425  signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A [KO:K11223]
106826362  STAT5B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B [KO:K11224]
106832549  BCL6; B-cell lymphoma 6 protein isoform X1 [KO:K15618]
106843097  KLF5; Krueppel-like factor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09206]
106826906  KLF4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: Krueppel-like factor 4 [KO:K17846]
106836901  WNT1; proto-oncogene Wnt-1 [KO:K03209]
106824636  NOTCH2; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2 [KO:K20994]
106822231  JAG1; protein jagged-1 [KO:K06052]
106825323  AR; androgen receptor [KO:K08557]
106829795  EGF; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: pro-epidermal growth factor [KO:K04357]
106838575  FGF7; fibroblast growth factor 7 [KO:K04358]
106831535  FGF6; fibroblast growth factor 6 [KO:K04358]
106847700  FGF17; fibroblast growth factor 17 isoform X3 [KO:K04358]
106828064  FGF5; fibroblast growth factor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04358]
106834247  FGF22; fibroblast growth factor 22 isoform X2 [KO:K04358]
106828264  FGF20; fibroblast growth factor 20 [KO:K04358]
106844246  FGF4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 4 [KO:K04358]
106844254  FGF3; fibroblast growth factor 3 [KO:K04358]
106846929  FGF16; fibroblast growth factor 16 [KO:K04358]
106837360  FGF18; fibroblast growth factor 18 [KO:K04358]
106828887  FGF8; fibroblast growth factor 8 [KO:K04358]
106824930  FGF10; fibroblast growth factor 10 [KO:K04358]
106828556  FGF9; fibroblast growth factor 9 [KO:K04358]
106841366  DLL4; delta-like protein 4 [KO:K06051]
106846758  DLL1; delta-like protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K06051]
106843247  DLL3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: delta-like protein 3 [KO:K06051]
106832970  PTGES3; prostaglandin E synthase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15730] [EC:5.3.99.3]
106825660  AIPL1; aryl-hydrocarbon-interacting protein-like 1 [KO:K17767]
106833490  AH receptor-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K17767]
106824357  AHR; aryl hydrocarbon receptor [KO:K09093]
106826243  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: aryl hydrocarbon receptor-like [KO:K09093]
106839639  HSP90AA1; heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha [KO:K04079]
106828754  HSP90AB1; heat shock protein HSP 90-beta [KO:K04079]
106846786  HSP90B1; endoplasmin [KO:K09487]
106823718  KPNA1; importin subunit alpha-5 [KO:K23940]
106835554  KPNA2; importin subunit alpha-1 [KO:K15043]
106840535  KPNA7; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: importin subunit alpha-8 [KO:K15043]
123282452  importin subunit alpha-1-like [KO:K15043]
106837719  KPNA3; importin subunit alpha-4 [KO:K23583]
106844978  KPNA4; importin subunit alpha-3 [KO:K23583]
106829060  KPNA6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: importin subunit alpha-7 [KO:K15042]
106847024  KPNA5; importin subunit alpha-6 isoform X1 [KO:K15042]
106826430  KPNB1; importin subunit beta-1 [KO:K14293]
106846532  ARNT; aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator isoform X1 [KO:K09097]
106831264  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome P450 1A1 [KO:K07408] [EC:1.14.14.1]
106825888  cytochrome P450 1B1 [KO:K07410] [EC:1.14.14.1]
106844729  EPHX1; epoxide hydrolase 1 [KO:K01253] [EC:3.3.2.9]
106832514  EPHX2; bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08726] [EC:3.3.2.10 3.1.3.76]
106839070  EPHX3; epoxide hydrolase 3 [KO:K22368] [EC:3.3.2.10]
106846437  EPHX4; epoxide hydrolase 4 [KO:K22369] [EC:3.3.-.-]
106838858  MGST2; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 isoform X2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106827410  glutathione S-transferase Mu 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106827032  glutathione S-transferase A1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106845581  glutathione S-transferase A4-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106845583  GSTA4; glutathione S-transferase A4 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106845585  glutathione S-transferase A2-like isoform X3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106845586  glutathione S-transferase A2-like isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106827354  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106827366  glutathione S-transferase Mu 4 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106827367  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106847117  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106824241  glutathione S-transferase A2-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106824251  glutathione S-transferase A1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106846960  MGST1; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106833484  glutathione S-transferase omega-2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106833499  GSTO1; glutathione S-transferase omega-1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106831129  MGST3; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106847146  glutathione S-transferase theta-4 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
123275597  glutathione S-transferase theta-3-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
123287744  glutathione S-transferase A1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
123288362  glutathione S-transferase A1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106840157  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B31-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
106840158  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B31-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
106840160  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B31-like isoform X1 [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
106826094  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2C1-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
106826096  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2C1-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
106826098  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2C1-like isoform X1 [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
106838827  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2A3-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
106843227  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B31-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
106843230  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B4-like isoform X1 [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
106843231  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B4-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
106844857  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1-like isoform X1 [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
106844762  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A10-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
106844855  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A10-like [KO:K00699] [EC:2.4.1.17]
106843260  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome P450 2B4-like [KO:K07412] [EC:1.14.14.1]
106843311  cytochrome P450 2B4-like [KO:K07412] [EC:1.14.14.1]
106843807  cytochrome P450 2B4-like [KO:K07412] [EC:1.14.14.1]
123281262  cytochrome P450 2B4-like [KO:K07412] [EC:1.14.14.1]
106827585  NR1I3; nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3 [KO:K08541]
106845341  RXRA; retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha isoform X2 [KO:K08524]
106834605  RXRB; retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta isoform X3 [KO:K08525]
106831132  RXRG; retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma isoform X1 [KO:K08526]
106825167  cytochrome P450 3A12-like [KO:K07424] [EC:1.14.14.1]
106825164  cytochrome P450 3A12-like [KO:K07424] [EC:1.14.14.1]
106832276  cytochrome P450 3A12-like [KO:K07424] [EC:1.14.14.1]
106832277  cytochrome P450 3A12 [KO:K07424] [EC:1.14.14.1]
106832275  cytochrome P450 3A12-like [KO:K07424] [EC:1.14.14.1]
106831265  cytochrome P450 1A2 [KO:K07409] [EC:1.14.14.1]
106845979  PPARA; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha isoform X1 [KO:K07294]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00410  Progesterone
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00745  Nicotine
C00780  Serotonin
C00788  L-Adrenaline
C00951  Estradiol-17beta
C03690  Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
C04623  DDT
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C06697  Arsenite
C06790  Trichloroethene
C06916  Clofibrate
C07020  Gemfibrozil
C07434  Phenobarbital
C07535  Benzo[a]pyrene
C07557  2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
C08150  Medroxyprogesterone acetate
C11042  Hexachlorobenzene
C11150  Trichloroacetate
C11371  Nafenopin
C11906  Sodium arsenite
C13624  Bisphenol A
C14240  Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
C14573  3,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl
C15995  Bombesin
C16452  N'-Nitrosonornicotine
C16453  4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
Reference
PMID:15660110
  Authors
Luch A.
  Title
Nature and nurture - lessons from chemical carcinogenesis.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 5:113-25 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrc1546
Reference
PMID:19631282
  Authors
Hernandez LG, van Steeg H, Luijten M, van Benthem J
  Title
Mechanisms of non-genotoxic carcinogens and importance of a weight of evidence approach.
  Journal
Mutat Res 682:94-109 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.mrrev.2009.07.002
Reference
PMID:21444681
  Authors
Wu CH, Lee CH, Ho YS
  Title
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-based blockade: applications of molecular targets for cancer therapy.
  Journal
Clin Cancer Res 17:3533-41 (2011)
DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-2434
Reference
PMID:19194381
  Authors
Schuller HM
  Title
Is cancer triggered by altered signalling of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors?
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 9:195-205 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrc2590
Reference
PMID:21541211
  Authors
Singh S, Pillai S, Chellappan S
  Title
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling in tumor growth and metastasis.
  Journal
J Oncol 2011:456743 (2011)
DOI:10.1155/2011/456743
Reference
PMID:31956359
  Authors
Cheng WL, Chen KY, Lee KY, Feng PH, Wu SM
  Title
Nicotinic-nAChR signaling mediates drug resistance in lung cancer.
  Journal
J Cancer 11:1125-1140 (2020)
DOI:10.7150/jca.36359
Reference
PMID:24827506
  Authors
Grando SA
  Title
Connections of nicotine to cancer.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 14:419-29 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/nrc3725
Reference
PMID:24398389
  Authors
Schaal C, Chellappan SP
  Title
Nicotine-mediated cell proliferation and tumor progression in smoking-related cancers.
  Journal
Mol Cancer Res 12:14-23 (2014)
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Related
pathway
eai00980  Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450
eai03320  PPAR signaling pathway
eai04010  MAPK signaling pathway
eai04024  cAMP signaling pathway
eai04150  mTOR signaling pathway
eai04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
eai04370  VEGF signaling pathway
eai04915  Estrogen signaling pathway
eai05204  Chemical carcinogenesis - DNA adducts
eai05206  MicroRNAs in cancer
eai05208  Chemical carcinogenesis - reactive oxygen species
KO pathway
ko05207   
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