KEGG   PATHWAY: ptr05012
Entry
ptr05012                    Pathway                                
Name
Parkinson disease - Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee)
Description
Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder that results primarily from the death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Both environmental factors and mutations in familial PD-linked genes such as SNCA, Parkin, DJ-1, PINK1 and LRRK2 are associated with PD pathogenesis. These pathogenic mutations and environmental factors are known to cause disease due to oxidative stress, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis impairment, mitochondrial dysfunctions and altered protein handling compromising key roles of DA neuronal function and survival. The demise of DA neurons located in the SNc leads to a drop in the dopaminergic input to the striatum, which is hypothesized to impede movement by inducing hypo and hyper activity in striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) of the direct (dSPNs) and indirect (iSPNs) pathways in the basal ganglia, respectively.
Class
Human Diseases; Neurodegenerative disease
Pathway map
ptr05012  Parkinson disease
ptr05012

Disease
H00057  Parkinson disease
Organism
Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) [GN:ptr]
Gene
100126358  NDUFS7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03940] [EC:7.1.1.2]
100192399  PSMD4; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K03029]
100608033  COX8C; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8C, mitochondrial [KO:K02273]
100608263  NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945]
100608468  [KO:K07375]
100608972  [KO:K07375]
100609529  COX7A1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
100610650  [KO:K02263]
100611615  NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03962]
100613526  ATP5F1E; ATP synthase subunit epsilon, mitochondrial [KO:K02135]
100613658  TUBB3; tubulin beta-3 chain [KO:K07375]
100614219  NDUFA3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947]
100615314  COX7B2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B2, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
101057286  [KO:K05863]
101059860  RPS27A; ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eS31 fusion protein [KO:K02977]
104002760  [KO:K08738]
104003639  [KO:K04632]
104003761  TXN2; thioredoxin, mitochondrial [KO:K03671]
104004490  TUBA5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tubulin alpha-8 chain [KO:K07374]
104005313  [KO:K02128]
104006062  [KO:K03671]
107966260  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
107967209  [KO:K08738]
107967339  [KO:K03948]
107967841  [KO:K08738]
107968018  [KO:K02272]
107968313  [KO:K03959]
107968821  [KO:K03948]
107969209  [KO:K03938]
107969751  [KO:K02272]
107970442  [KO:K03948]
107970561  [KO:K08738]
107970891  [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
107971002  [KO:K03948]
107972317  [KO:K08738]
107972834  SLC25A6; ADP/ATP translocase 3 [KO:K05863]
107973044  [KO:K08738]
107973630  [KO:K07374]
107973920  [KO:K02735] [EC:3.4.25.1]
107974583  SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
107974864  UQCRQ; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 8 [KO:K00418]
107974919  [KO:K00417]
112204199  [KO:K08738]
112204966  [KO:K02729] [EC:3.4.25.1]
112207632  [KO:K00237]
112207728  [KO:K02729] [EC:3.4.25.1]
112209436  [KO:K07375]
129135336  [KO:K07374]
129135376  [KO:K02927]
129135691  [KO:K08738]
129135916  [KO:K02138]
129137450  [KO:K08738]
129137950  [KO:K03038]
129138685  [KO:K03948]
129143398  [KO:K07374]
129143618  [KO:K03957]
129143885  [KO:K02270]
129144156  [KO:K10881]
129144202  [KO:K07375]
129144257  [KO:K02977]
134806922  SLC39A1; zinc transporter ZIP1 [KO:K14709]
134806977  [KO:K03671]
449637  SOD1; superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] [KO:K04565] [EC:1.15.1.1]
450177  MAPT; microtubule-associated protein tau [KO:K04380]
450294  ATP5F1C; ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02136]
450390  KIF5B; kinesin-1 heavy chain isoform X2 [KO:K10396] [EC:5.6.1.3]
450445  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
450545  PPIF; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase F, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K09565] [EC:5.2.1.8]
450913  PSMD13; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 13 [KO:K03039]
450955  TH; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase isoform X1 [KO:K00501] [EC:1.14.16.2]
451040  PSMA1; proteasome subunit alpha type-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02725] [EC:3.4.25.1]
451172  PSMC3; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6A [KO:K03065]
451175  NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03936] [EC:7.1.1.2]
451375  NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03941] [EC:7.1.1.2]
451445  NDUFC2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2 [KO:K03968]
451553  DRD2; D(2) dopamine receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04145]
451766  NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03953]
451875  TUBA1A; tubulin alpha-1A chain [KO:K07374]
451876  TUBA1C; tubulin alpha-1C chain [KO:K07374]
451897  SLC11A2; natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K21398]
451943  ATP5MC2; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K02128]
451991  SLC39A5; zinc transporter ZIP5 isoform X1 [KO:K14711]
451999  ATP5F1B; ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K02133] [EC:7.1.2.2]
452017  DDIT3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein [KO:K04452]
452019  KIF5A; kinesin heavy chain [KO:K10396] [EC:5.6.1.3]
452134  NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 [KO:K11352]
452153  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X2 [KO:K02084]
452423  TUBA1B; tubulin alpha-1B chain [KO:K07374]
452861  PSMA6; proteasome subunit alpha type-6 [KO:K02730] [EC:3.4.25.1]
452909  PSMC6; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 10B isoform X1 [KO:K03064]
452921  [KO:K04552] [EC:2.3.2.23]
452980  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
452998  SLC39A9; zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform X3 [KO:K14715]
453097  PSMC1; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 4 isoform X2 [KO:K03062]
453115  NDUFB1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03957]
453188  KLC1; kinesin light chain 1 isoform X18 [KO:K10407]
453296  RYR3; ryanodine receptor 3 isoform X7 [KO:K04963]
453534  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X2 [KO:K02183]
453569  PSMA4; proteasome subunit alpha type-4 isoform X2 [KO:K02728] [EC:3.4.25.1]
453750  COX5A; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02264]
453868  TRAP1; heat shock protein 75 kDa, mitochondrial [KO:K09488]
454240  PSMD7; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 7 [KO:K03038]
454391  COX4I1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
454453  PSMB6; proteasome subunit beta type-6 isoform X2 [KO:K02738] [EC:3.4.25.1]
454574  PSMD11; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 11 isoform X1 [KO:K03036]
454616  PSMB3; proteasome subunit beta type-3 [KO:K02735] [EC:3.4.25.1]
454640  PSMD3; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 3 [KO:K03033]
454769  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 isoform X1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
454777  PSMC5; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 8 [KO:K03066]
454836  PSMD12; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 12 [KO:K03035]
454853  SLC39A11; zinc transporter ZIP11 isoform X1 [KO:K14717]
455195  ATP5MC1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
455214  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform X2 [KO:K04451]
455285  GNAL; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04633]
455295  NDUFV2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03943] [EC:7.1.1.2]
455397  ATP5F1A; ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02132]
455575  SLC39A3; zinc transporter ZIP3 [KO:K14709]
455706  KEAP1; kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10456]
455877  NDUFA13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353]
456007  PSMD8; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 8 [KO:K03031]
456153  CALM3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
456457  CASP9; caspase-9 isoform X2 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
456526  SDHB; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
456776  NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938]
457093  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
457109  ATP5PB; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02127]
457188  UBE2J2; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 J2 isoform X1 [KO:K04554] [EC:2.3.2.23]
457293  PSMB4; proteasome subunit beta type-4 [KO:K02736] [EC:3.4.25.1]
457461  ATF6; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha isoform X3 [KO:K09054]
457958  MFN2; mitofusin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K06030] [EC:3.6.5.-]
458156  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
458253  PLCG1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 isoform X3 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
458383  PSMA7; proteasome subunit alpha type-7 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
458386  ADRM1; proteasomal ubiquitin receptor ADRM1 isoform X1 [KO:K06691]
458641  TUBA8; tubulin alpha-8 chain [KO:K07374]
458652  SEPTIN5; septin-5 isoform X3 [KO:K04557]
458714  ADORA2A; adenosine receptor A2a [KO:K04266]
458735  XBP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: X-box-binding protein 1 [KO:K09027]
458981  NDUFA6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950]
459181  COX7A2L; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
459213  CALM2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]
459339  HTRA2; serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial [KO:K08669] [EC:3.4.21.108]
459388  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
459686  PSMD14; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14 isoform X2 [KO:K03030]
459841  SLC39A10; zinc transporter ZIP10 isoform X1 [KO:K14716]
459871  NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959]
459896  NDUFS1; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03934] [EC:7.1.1.2]
460134  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
460348  UQCRC1; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00414]
460612  NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960]
460861  MFN1; mitofusin-1 [KO:K21356] [EC:3.6.5.-]
460887  PSMD2; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2 [KO:K03028]
461185  UCHL1; ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 [KO:K05611] [EC:3.4.19.12]
461194  [KO:K03960]
461358  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
461375  SNCA; alpha-synuclein [KO:K04528]
461405  SLC39A8; metal cation symporter ZIP8 isoform X1 [KO:K14714]
461445  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X3 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
461494  NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967]
461632  SLC25A4; ADP/ATP translocase 1 [KO:K05863]
461669  CASP3; caspase-3 isoform X2 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
461878  NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03937]
462021  SNCAIP; synphilin-1 isoform X2 [KO:K04558]
462119  NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 isoform X3 [KO:K03946]
462189  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
462336  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X2 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
462399  TUBB2A; tubulin beta-2A chain [KO:K07375]
462400  TUBB2B; tubulin beta-2A chain isoform X1 [KO:K07375]
462603  SLC39A7; zinc transporter SLC39A7 precursor [KO:K14713]
462613  DAXX; death domain-associated protein 6 [KO:K02308]
462618  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
462655  [KO:K02266]
462883  UBE2J1; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 J1 isoform X2 [KO:K10578] [EC:2.3.2.23]
463023  MAP3K5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
463632  PSMC2; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 7 isoform X1 [KO:K03061]
463686  NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949]
463780  NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03958]
464032  SLC18A1; chromaffin granule amine transporter [KO:K08155]
464044  SLC39A14; metal cation symporter ZIP14 isoform X2 [KO:K14720]
464183  [KO:K03064]
464294  UQCRB; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7 [KO:K00417]
464380  NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 [KO:K03965]
464462  SLC39A4; zinc transporter ZIP4 [KO:K14710]
464723  PSMB7; proteasome subunit beta type-7 [KO:K02739] [EC:3.4.25.1]
464733  HSPA5; endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP [KO:K09490] [EC:3.6.4.10]
464897  NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952]
465169  TUBA3C; tubulin alpha-3C chain [KO:K07374]
465170  TUBB4B; tubulin beta-4B chain [KO:K07375]
465187  PSMD9; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 9 [KO:K06693]
465210  SLC39A2; zinc transporter ZIP2 [KO:K14709]
465457  PSMD6; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X2 [KO:K03037]
465588  MAOB; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B isoform X1 [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
465727  COX7B; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
465864  [KO:K05687] [EC:3.5.1.124]
466007  TUBAL3; tubulin alpha chain-like 3 [KO:K07374]
466008  CALML3; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K02183]
466213  SLC18A2; synaptic vesicular amine transporter [KO:K08155]
466291  MCU; calcium uniporter protein, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K20858]
466588  UBE2L6; ubiquitin/ISG15-conjugating enzyme E2 L6 isoform X2 [KO:K04553] [EC:2.3.2.23]
466670  KLC2; kinesin light chain 2 isoform X2 [KO:K10407]
467061  [KO:K02138]
467151  UBC; polyubiquitin-C [KO:K08770]
467320  [KO:K02128]
467401  PSMB5; proteasome subunit beta type-5 isoform X1 [KO:K02737] [EC:3.4.25.1]
467469  PSMA3; proteasome subunit alpha type-3 [KO:K02727] [EC:3.4.25.1]
468094  UQCRC2; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00415]
468313  [KO:K02183]
468372  UBB; polyubiquitin-B [KO:K04551]
468505  PSMA8; proteasome subunit alpha-type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
468523  SLC39A6; zinc transporter ZIP6 [KO:K14712]
468685  TUBB4A; tubulin beta-4A chain [KO:K07375]
468748  NDUFB7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03963]
468918  KLC3; kinesin light chain 3 isoform X2 [KO:K10407]
469014  COX6B2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B2 [KO:K02267]
469277  PSMB2; proteasome subunit beta type-2 [KO:K02734] [EC:3.4.25.1]
469367  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X6 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
469795  PSMA5; proteasome subunit alpha type-5 [KO:K02729] [EC:3.4.25.1]
469913  COX4I2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial isoform X3 [KO:K02263]
469986  GNAS; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoform X4 [KO:K04632]
470557  KIF5C; kinesin heavy chain [KO:K10396] [EC:5.6.1.3]
470584  ATP5MC3; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C3, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
470654  TUBA4A; tubulin alpha-4A chain [KO:K07374]
470674  PSMD1; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K03032]
470696  NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03954]
470905  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
471008  NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03961]
471742  DUSP1; dual specificity protein phosphatase 1 [KO:K21278] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48]
471960  TUBB; tubulin beta chain [KO:K07375]
472425  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I) subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04630]
472653  PSMA2; proteasome subunit alpha type-2 [KO:K02726] [EC:3.4.25.1]
472893  CYC1; cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00413]
472944  PRKACG; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
473258  PSMB1; proteasome subunit beta type-1 [KO:K02732] [EC:3.4.25.1]
473389  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X2 [KO:K04959]
473588  NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K11351]
473976  ATP5PO; ATP synthase subunit O, mitochondrial [KO:K02137]
474042  UBE2G2; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 G2 isoform X2 [KO:K04555] [EC:2.3.2.23]
735674  UBA52; ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eL40 fusion protein [KO:K02927]
735808  UQCR10; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 9 isoform X1 [KO:K00419]
735843  KLC4; kinesin light chain 4 isoform X1 [KO:K10407]
735962  [KO:K02135]
736308  TUBB1; tubulin beta-1 chain [KO:K07375]
736468  ATP5PD; ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial [KO:K02138]
736470  NDUFV3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03944]
736938  SLC25A5; ADP/ATP translocase 2 [KO:K05863]
737566  CALML5; calmodulin-like protein 5 [KO:K02183]
737578  PSMC4; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B [KO:K03063]
737891  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15041]
738167  CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
738330  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X4 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
738626  COX7A2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02270]
738663  [KO:K07375]
738819  CALM1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
738876  VDAC2; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K15040]
738926  GPR37; prosaposin receptor GPR37 [KO:K04243]
739035  TUBB8; tubulin beta-8 chain isoform X4 [KO:K07375]
739440  SLC39A12; zinc transporter ZIP12 isoform X3 [KO:K14718]
739452  COX7C; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02272]
739803  NDUFA11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956]
739861  [KO:K03948]
740248  TXN; thioredoxin [KO:K03671]
740780  [KO:K02272]
741071  COX6C; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C [KO:K02268]
741211  NDUFA4; cytochrome c oxidase subunit NDUFA4 [KO:K03948]
741344  UQCRFS1; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske, mitochondrial [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
741350  PRKN; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin isoform X1 [KO:K04556] [EC:2.3.2.31]
741789  COX5B; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial [KO:K02265]
742197  ATP5F1D; ATP synthase subunit delta, mitochondrial [KO:K02134]
742376  UQCRH; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00416]
742456  [KO:K08738]
742582  [KO:K00419]
742622  NFE2L2; nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05638]
742678  COX6A2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
742793  [KO:K05862]
742828  COX8A; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02273]
742848  NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03939]
742937  SLC25A31; ADP/ATP translocase 4 [KO:K05863]
743144  UQCR11; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10 [KO:K00420]
743250  CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
743262  NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951]
743285  MAOA; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
743682  SLC39A13; zinc transporter ZIP13 isoform X2 [KO:K14719]
743898  [KO:K00417]
744322  UBA7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 7 isoform X1 [KO:K10698] [EC:6.2.1.45]
744435  NDUFAB1; acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03955]
744512  ATP5PF; ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02131]
744513  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04374]
744598  DRD1; D(1A) dopamine receptor [KO:K04144]
744716  NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03964]
744773  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
744779  CYCS; cytochrome c isoform X1 [KO:K08738]
745138  [KO:K02128]
745426  COX6B1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 [KO:K02267]
745717  VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862]
745872  [KO:K02977]
745893  LRRK2; leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08844] [EC:2.7.11.1]
746063  PARK7; Parkinson disease protein 7 isoform X3 [KO:K05687] [EC:3.5.1.124]
746648  NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966]
746788  [KO:K07375]
747093  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X4 [KO:K02159]
747209  NDUFV1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03942] [EC:7.1.1.2]
747334  NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K03935] [EC:7.1.1.2]
747462  SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial isoform X4 [KO:K00236]
747549  SEM1; 26S proteasome complex subunit SEM1 isoform X1 [KO:K10881]
747817  [KO:K07375]
748061  UBE2L3; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3 isoform X3 [KO:K04552] [EC:2.3.2.23]
749028  PINK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase PINK1, mitochondrial [KO:K05688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
749307  UBA1; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 isoform X3 [KO:K03178] [EC:6.2.1.45]
750209  [KO:K07375]
750513  UBE2G1; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 G1 isoform X2 [KO:K10575] [EC:2.3.2.23]
750842  SLC6A3; sodium-dependent dopamine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K05036]
807858  CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
807859  ATP6; ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [KO:K02126]
807860  ND5; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 [KO:K03883] [EC:7.1.1.2]
807861  ND6; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 [KO:K03884] [EC:7.1.1.2]
807862  ATP8; ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 [KO:K02125]
807863  ND4; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 [KO:K03881] [EC:7.1.1.2]
807864  COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
807865  ND2; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [KO:K03879] [EC:7.1.1.2]
807866  COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
807867  ND1; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 [KO:K03878] [EC:7.1.1.2]
807868  ND4L; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L [KO:K03882] [EC:7.1.1.2]
807869  COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
807870  ND3; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 [KO:K03880] [EC:7.1.1.2]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00007  Oxygen
C00008  ADP
C00009  Orthophosphate
C00013  Diphosphate
C00020  AMP
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00034  Manganese
C00076  Calcium cation
C00082  L-Tyrosine
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00212  Adenosine
C00355  3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00704  Superoxide
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C03758  Dopamine
C04043  3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde
C04599  1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
C07593  Rotenone
C11310  1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
C14701  Paraquat
C15231  Maneb
C16844  Hydroxyl radical
C17755  Dopamine quinone
C22381  Reactive oxygen species
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Nat Rev Neurosci 7:207-19 (2006)
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Reference
PMID:12938733
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Reference
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Reference
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Reference
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Reference
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Lim KL, Tan JM
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Reference
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Reference
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Reference
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Reference
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Trends Mol Med 15:89-100 (2009)
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Reference
PMID:28468938
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The role of Ca(2+) signaling in Parkinson's disease.
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Dis Model Mech 10:519-535 (2017)
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Reference
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  Title
Mitochondrial calcium imbalance in Parkinson's disease.
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Neurosci Lett 663:86-90 (2018)
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Reference
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Parkin deficiency disrupts calcium homeostasis by modulating phospholipase C signalling.
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An ERcentric view of Parkinson's disease.
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Trends Mol Med 19:165-75 (2013)
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Reference
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Mercado G, Castillo V, Soto P, Sidhu A
  Title
ER stress and Parkinson's disease: Pathological inputs that converge into the secretory pathway.
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Brain Res 1648:626-632 (2016)
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Reference
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Eur J Pharmacol 765:154-6 (2015)
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Reference
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Shah A, Chao J, Legido-Quigley C, Chang RC
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Oxyresveratrol exerts ATF4- and Grp78-mediated neuroprotection against endoplasmic reticulum stress in experimental Parkinson's disease.
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Nutr Neurosci 1-16 (2019)
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Protective and toxic roles of dopamine in Parkinson's disease.
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J Neurochem 129:898-915 (2014)
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Reference
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  Authors
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The interplay between parkin and alpha-synuclein; possible implications for the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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Neural Regen Res 10:1225-7 (2015)
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Reference
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J Neurochem 139 Suppl 1:216-231 (2016)
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Reference
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Melatoninergic System in Parkinson's Disease: From Neuroprotection to the Management of Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms.
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Reference
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Biochim Biophys Acta 1813:623-33 (2011)
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PINK1, Parkin, and Mitochondrial Quality Control: What can we Learn about Parkinson's Disease Pathobiology?
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J Parkinsons Dis 7:13-29 (2017)
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Role of DJ-1 in the mechanism of pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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J Bioenerg Biomembr 51:175-188 (2019)
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Reference
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Neurochem Res 43:2212-2223 (2018)
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Reference
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Related
pathway
ptr00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
ptr00350  Tyrosine metabolism
ptr03050  Proteasome
ptr04020  Calcium signaling pathway
ptr04120  Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis
ptr04137  Mitophagy - animal
ptr04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
ptr04210  Apoptosis
ptr04728  Dopaminergic synapse
KO pathway
ko05012   

DBGET integrated database retrieval system