KEGG   PATHWAY: pvp04936
Entry
pvp04936                    Pathway                                
Name
Alcoholic liver disease - Pteropus vampyrus (large flying fox)
Description
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) refers to the damages to the liver and its functions due to alcohol overconsumption. It ranges from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Alcohol consumption promotes liver inflammation by increasing the translocation of gut-derived endotoxins to the portal circulation and activating Kupffer cells to produce TNF-alpha through the LPS/Toll like receptor (TLR) 4 pathways. TNF-alpha induces hepatocellular damage. When alcohol intake is chronic and heavy, steatosis is caused via generation of acetaldehyde, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ER stress. ROS inhibits key hepatic transcriptional regulators such as AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-alpha), which are responsible for fatty acid oxidation and export via ACC and CPT-1. The blockade of AMPK also leads to overexpression of SREBP-1, resulting in an increase of de novo lipogenesis. Moreover, excessive intracellular ROS production induced by ethanol and its metabolite have a critical role in ethanol-induced apoptosis, which may be the critical process in the exacerbation of ALD. It is inferred that the apoptotic signal derived from ROS that was produced by NOX, is mainly transduced through the JNK and p38 MAPK pathways.
Class
Human Diseases; Endocrine and metabolic disease
Pathway map
pvp04936  Alcoholic liver disease
pvp04936

Disease
H02516  Alcoholic liver disease
Organism
Pteropus vampyrus (large flying fox) [GN:pvp]
Gene
105288933  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105289038  ACADM; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: medium-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00249] [EC:1.3.8.7]
105289204  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X3 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
105289228  ALDH2; aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00128] [EC:1.2.1.3]
105289266  PRKAB1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 [KO:K07199]
105289440  TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04404]
105289473  MAP3K5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
105289534  ADH4; alcohol dehydrogenase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K13980] [EC:1.1.1.1]
105289535  ADH5; alcohol dehydrogenase class-3 isoform X1 [KO:K00121] [EC:1.1.1.284 1.1.1.1]
105289604  SCD5; stearoyl-CoA desaturase 5 [KO:K00507] [EC:1.14.19.1]
105289628  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105289903  IL12B; interleukin-12 subunit beta [KO:K05425]
105290063  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
105290328  CTNNB1; catenin beta-1 [KO:K02105]
105290437  [KO:K03986]
105290438  C1QC; complement C1q subcomponent subunit C [KO:K03988]
105290439  C1QB; complement C1q subcomponent subunit B [KO:K03987]
105290662  [KO:K03986]
105290880  ALDH7A1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
105291053  PRKAG3; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3 isoform X2 [KO:K07200]
105291271  MAP2K4; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 isoform X4 [KO:K04430] [EC:2.7.12.2]
105291310  ALDH3A2; fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K00128] [EC:1.2.1.3]
105291333  SREBF1; sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07197]
105291480  TCF7L2; transcription factor 7-like 2 isoform X8 [KO:K04491]
105291734  ACADVL; very long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K09479] [EC:1.3.8.9]
105292299  LPIN2; phosphatidate phosphatase LPIN2 isoform X2 [KO:K15728] [EC:3.1.3.4]
105292339  CXCL8; interleukin-8 [KO:K10030]
105292342  [KO:K05505]
105292652  TLR4; toll-like receptor 4 [KO:K10160]
105292665  C5; complement C5 [KO:K03994]
105293004  LEF1; lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04492]
105293029  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
105293104  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 isoform X5 [KO:K04390]
105293152  IL6; interleukin-6 isoform X2 [KO:K05405]
105293160  TRA2A; transformer-2 protein homolog alpha isoform X1 [KO:K12897]
105293371  ACOX1; peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00232] [EC:1.3.3.6]
105293567  TCF7; transcription factor 7 isoform X2 [KO:K02620]
105294193  NOX4; NADPH oxidase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K21423] [EC:1.6.3.-]
105294710  CASP3; caspase-3 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
105295250  FOXO3; forkhead box protein O3 [KO:K09408]
105295464  LPIN1; phosphatidate phosphatase LPIN1 [KO:K15728] [EC:3.1.3.4]
105295511  PPARGC1A; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K07202]
105295639  MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729]
105295924  C3AR1; C3a anaphylatoxin chemotactic receptor [KO:K04009]
105295979  TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158]
105296491  LBP; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lipopolysaccharide-binding protein [KO:K05399]
105296504  LPIN3; phosphatidate phosphatase LPIN3 isoform X1 [KO:K15728] [EC:3.1.3.4]
105296700  LY96; lymphocyte antigen 96 [KO:K05400]
105296778  RIPK1; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 [KO:K02861] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105296799  TIRAP; toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein [KO:K05403]
105296918  ADIPOR1; adiponectin receptor protein 1 [KO:K07297]
105297002  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
105297249  IL17RA; interleukin-17 receptor A isoform X1 [KO:K05164]
105297253  ADIPOR2; adiponectin receptor protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07297]
105297312  C5AR1; C5a anaphylatoxin chemotactic receptor 1 [KO:K04010]
105297485  IRAK4; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105297531  PRKAG1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 isoform X3 [KO:K07200]
105297801  PRKAB2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 [KO:K07199]
105297999  RELA; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
105298074  TAB1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 [KO:K04403]
105298127  CASP8; caspase-8 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
105298437  [KO:K05414]
105298541  TCF7L1; transcription factor 7-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04490]
105298702  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105298901  FOXO1; forkhead box protein O1 [KO:K07201]
105298936  MAP2K6; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 [KO:K04433] [EC:2.7.12.2]
105298997  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
105299041  IL17RC; interleukin-17 receptor C isoform X2 [KO:K05166]
105299096  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
105299274  TRAF3; TNF receptor-associated factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K03174]
105299797  FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
105299978  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105300159  [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105300734  IKBKE; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon [KO:K07211] [EC:2.7.11.10]
105301022  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
105301035  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105301036  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105301058  TICAM1; TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 1 [KO:K05842]
105301109  C3; complement C3 [KO:K03990]
105301118  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 isoform X1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
105301128  FASN; fatty acid synthase [KO:K00665] [EC:2.3.1.85]
105301234  ACOX3; peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 3 [KO:K00232] [EC:1.3.3.6]
105301304  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
105301520  ALDH9A1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00149] [EC:1.2.1.47 1.2.1.3]
105301705  SIRT1; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K11411] [EC:2.3.1.286]
105301733  IRF3; interferon regulatory factor 3 [KO:K05411]
105301744  ALDH16A1; aldehyde dehydrogenase family 16 member A1 [KO:K00128] [EC:1.2.1.3]
105301787  [KO:K19524] [EC:2.3.1.21]
105302046  PPARA; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha isoform X1 [KO:K07294]
105302322  [KO:K08750]
105302526  IRAK1; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04730] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105302532  IKBKG; NF-kappa-B essential modulator [KO:K07210]
105303182  NFKBIA; NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha [KO:K04734]
105303461  MAP3K14; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14 [KO:K04466] [EC:2.7.11.25]
105303778  PRKAG2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07200]
105303899  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105303961  ACACB; acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 [KO:K01946] [EC:6.4.1.2 6.3.4.14 2.1.3.15]
105303982  IL1B; interleukin-1 beta [KO:K04519]
105304165  MAP2K3; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 [KO:K04432] [EC:2.7.12.2]
105304619  CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
105304625  SCD; acyl-CoA desaturase [KO:K00507] [EC:1.14.19.1]
105304790  IL17A; interleukin-17A [KO:K05489]
105304993  ACACA; acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 isoform X3 [KO:K11262] [EC:6.4.1.2 6.3.4.14 2.1.3.15]
105305288  C4A; complement C4-A [KO:K03989]
105305295  C2; complement C2 [KO:K01332] [EC:3.4.21.43]
105305325  TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
105305700  TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein [KO:K03171]
105305876  IL12A; interleukin-12 subunit alpha [KO:K05406]
105306707  ADIPOQ; adiponectin isoform X2 [KO:K07296]
105306829  TRA2B; transformer-2 protein homolog beta isoform X1 [KO:K12897]
105306974  CD14; monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 [KO:K04391]
105307128  [KO:K04503]
105307475  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
105307700  MAP2K7; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 [KO:K04431] [EC:2.7.12.2]
105308270  CPT1B; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform isoform X1 [KO:K19523] [EC:2.3.1.21]
105308283  [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105308785  CPT1A; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform [KO:K08765] [EC:2.3.1.21]
105309141  IFNB1; interferon beta [KO:K05415]
105309143  [KO:K05414]
105309144  [KO:K05414]
105309148  [KO:K05414]
105309286  TAB3; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12793]
105309950  ADH7; alcohol dehydrogenase class 4 mu/sigma chain [KO:K13951] [EC:1.1.1.1]
105310579  [KO:K00128] [EC:1.2.1.3]
105310642  [KO:K04730] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105311118  MLYCD; malonyl-CoA decarboxylase, mitochondrial [KO:K01578] [EC:4.1.1.9]
111729556  [KO:K08750]
Compound
C00003  NAD+
C00005  NADPH
C00006  NADP+
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00033  Acetate
C00040  Acyl-CoA
C00076  Calcium cation
C00083  Malonyl-CoA
C00084  Acetaldehyde
C00469  Ethanol
C22381  Reactive oxygen species
Reference
PMID:25782093
  Authors
Louvet A, Mathurin P
  Title
Alcoholic liver disease: mechanisms of injury and targeted treatment.
  Journal
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 12:231-42 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/nrgastro.2015.35
Reference
PMID:21920463
  Authors
Gao B, Bataller R
  Title
Alcoholic liver disease: pathogenesis and new therapeutic targets.
  Journal
Gastroenterology 141:1572-85 (2011)
DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.09.002
Reference
PMID:28134813
  Authors
Magdaleno F, Blajszczak CC, Nieto N
  Title
Key Events Participating in the Pathogenesis of Alcoholic Liver Disease.
  Journal
Biomolecules 7:9 (2017)
DOI:10.3390/biom7010009
Reference
PMID:19553649
  Authors
Lucey MR, Mathurin P, Morgan TR
  Title
Alcoholic hepatitis.
  Journal
N Engl J Med 360:2758-69 (2009)
DOI:10.1056/NEJMra0805786
Reference
PMID:26919968
  Authors
Nagy LE, Ding WX, Cresci G, Saikia P, Shah VH
  Title
Linking Pathogenic Mechanisms of Alcoholic Liver Disease With Clinical Phenotypes.
  Journal
Gastroenterology 150:1756-68 (2016)
DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2016.02.035
Reference
PMID:25009376
  Authors
Fujii H, Kawada N
  Title
Fibrogenesis in alcoholic liver disease.
  Journal
World J Gastroenterol 20:8048-54 (2014)
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v20.i25.8048
Reference
PMID:26755857
  Authors
Kim MS, Ong M, Qu X
  Title
Optimal management for alcoholic liver disease: Conventional medications, natural therapy or combination?
  Journal
World J Gastroenterol 22:8-23 (2016)
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v22.i1.8
Reference
PMID:15194557
  Authors
You M, Crabb DW
  Title
Recent advances in alcoholic liver disease II. Minireview: molecular mechanisms of alcoholic fatty liver.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 287:G1-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.00056.2004
Reference
PMID:26695748
  Authors
Nagy LE
  Title
The Role of Innate Immunity in Alcoholic Liver Disease.
  Journal
Alcohol Res 37:237-50 (2015)
Reference
PMID:21252049
  Authors
Gao B, Seki E, Brenner DA, Friedman S, Cohen JI, Nagy L, Szabo G, Zakhari S
  Title
Innate immunity in alcoholic liver disease.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 300:G516-25 (2011)
DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.00537.2010
Reference
PMID:22524187
  Authors
Wang HJ, Gao B, Zakhari S, Nagy LE
  Title
Inflammation in alcoholic liver disease.
  Journal
Annu Rev Nutr 32:343-68 (2012)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-nutr-072610-145138
Reference
PMID:29597356
  Authors
McCullough RL, McMullen MR, Sheehan MM, Poulsen KL, Roychowdhury S, Chiang DJ, Pritchard MT, Caballeria J, Nagy LE
  Title
Complement Factor D protects mice from ethanol-induced inflammation and liver injury.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 315:G66-G79 (2018)
DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.00334.2017
Reference
PMID:24385684
  Authors
Kawaratani H, Tsujimoto T, Douhara A, Takaya H, Moriya K, Namisaki T, Noguchi R, Yoshiji H, Fujimoto M, Fukui H
  Title
The effect of inflammatory cytokines in alcoholic liver disease.
  Journal
Mediators Inflamm 2013:495156 (2013)
DOI:10.1155/2013/495156
Reference
PMID:20238398
  Authors
Szabo G, Bala S
  Title
Alcoholic liver disease and the gut-liver axis.
  Journal
World J Gastroenterol 16:1321-9 (2010)
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v16.i11.1321
Reference
PMID:28627645
  Authors
Kawaratani H, Moriya K, Namisaki T, Uejima M, Kitade M, Takeda K, Okura Y, Kaji K, Takaya H, Nishimura N, Sato S, Sawada Y, Seki K, Kubo T, Mitoro A, Yamao J, Yoshiji H
  Title
Therapeutic strategies for alcoholic liver disease: Focusing on inflammation and fibrosis (Review).
  Journal
Int J Mol Med 40:263-270 (2017)
DOI:10.3892/ijmm.2017.3015
Reference
PMID:23855294
  Authors
Roh YS, Seki E
  Title
Toll-like receptors in alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and carcinogenesis.
  Journal
J Gastroenterol Hepatol 28 Suppl 1:38-42 (2013)
DOI:10.1111/jgh.12019
Reference
PMID:18709650
  Authors
Rogers CQ, Ajmo JM, You M
  Title
Adiponectin and alcoholic fatty liver disease.
  Journal
IUBMB Life 60:790-7 (2008)
DOI:10.1002/iub.124
Reference
PMID:26278388
  Authors
You M, Jogasuria A, Lee K, Wu J, Zhang Y, Lee YK, Sadana P
  Title
Signal Transduction Mechanisms of Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Emer ging Role of Lipin-1.
  Journal
Curr Mol Pharmacol 10:226-236 (2017)
DOI:10.2174/1874467208666150817112109
Reference
PMID:26005675
  Authors
You M, Jogasuria A, Taylor C, Wu J
  Title
Sirtuin 1 signaling and alcoholic fatty liver disease.
  Journal
Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 4:88-100 (2015)
DOI:10.3978/j.issn.2304-3881.2014.12.06
Reference
PMID:33162823
  Authors
Ren R, Wang Z, Wu M, Wang H
  Title
Emerging Roles of SIRT1 in Alcoholic Liver Disease.
  Journal
Int J Biol Sci 16:3174-3183 (2020)
DOI:10.7150/ijbs.49535
Reference
PMID:19032584
  Authors
Purohit V, Gao B, Song BJ
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of alcoholic fatty liver.
  Journal
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 33:191-205 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00827.x
Reference
PMID:34071962
  Authors
Hyun J, Han J, Lee C, Yoon M, Jung Y
  Title
Pathophysiological Aspects of Alcohol Metabolism in the Liver.
  Journal
Int J Mol Sci 22:5717 (2021)
DOI:10.3390/ijms22115717
Reference
PMID:24297186
  Authors
Combs TP, Marliss EB
  Title
Adiponectin signaling in the liver.
  Journal
Rev Endocr Metab Disord 15:137-47 (2014)
DOI:10.1007/s11154-013-9280-6
Reference
PMID:25548474
  Authors
Ceni E, Mello T, Galli A
  Title
Pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease: role of oxidative metabolism.
  Journal
World J Gastroenterol 20:17756-72 (2014)
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v20.i47.17756
Reference
PMID:31159489
  Authors
Kong LZ, Chandimali N, Han YH, Lee DH, Kim JS, Kim SU, Kim TD, Jeong DK, Sun HN, Lee DS, Kwon T
  Title
Pathogenesis, Early Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Management of Alcoholic Liver Disease.
  Journal
Int J Mol Sci 20:E2712 (2019)
DOI:10.3390/ijms20112712
Reference
PMID:31214376
  Authors
Ohashi K, Pimienta M, Seki E
  Title
Alcoholic liver disease: A current molecular and clinical perspective.
  Journal
Liver Res 2:161-172 (2018)
DOI:10.1016/j.livres.2018.11.002
Reference
PMID:30658725
  Authors
You M, Arteel GE
  Title
Effect of ethanol on lipid metabolism.
  Journal
J Hepatol 70:237-248 (2019)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2018.10.037
Reference
PMID:25595739
  Authors
Bi L, Jiang Z, Zhou J
  Title
The role of lipin-1 in the pathogenesis of alcoholic fatty liver.
  Journal
Alcohol Alcohol 50:146-51 (2015)
DOI:10.1093/alcalc/agu102
Reference
PMID:31263795
  Authors
Ali H, Assiri MA, Shearn CT, Fritz KS
  Title
Lipid peroxidation derived reactive aldehydes in alcoholic liver disease.
  Journal
Curr Opin Toxicol 13:110-117 (2019)
DOI:10.1016/j.cotox.2018.10.003
Reference
PMID:24262277
  Authors
Yin H, Hu M, Liang X, Ajmo JM, Li X, Bataller R, Odena G, Stevens SM Jr, You M
  Title
Deletion of SIRT1 from hepatocytes in mice disrupts lipin-1 signaling and aggravates alcoholic fatty liver.
  Journal
Gastroenterology 146:801-11 (2014)
DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2013.11.008
Reference
PMID:22110053
  Authors
Stickel F, Hampe J
  Title
Genetic determinants of alcoholic liver disease.
  Journal
Gut 61:150-9 (2012)
DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2011-301239
Reference
PMID:29336467
  Authors
Yang CF, Zhong YJ, Ma Z, Li L, Shi L, Chen L, Li C, Wu D, Chen Q, Li YW
  Title
NOX4/ROS mediate ethanolinduced apoptosis via MAPK signal pathway in L02 cells.
  Journal
Int J Mol Med 41:2306-2316 (2018)
DOI:10.3892/ijmm.2018.3390
Related
pathway
pvp00061  Fatty acid biosynthesis
pvp00071  Fatty acid degradation
pvp01040  Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids
pvp03040  Spliceosome
pvp04010  MAPK signaling pathway
pvp04064  NF-kappa B signaling pathway
pvp04152  AMPK signaling pathway
pvp04210  Apoptosis
pvp04310  Wnt signaling pathway
pvp04610  Complement and coagulation cascades
pvp04620  Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
pvp04657  IL-17 signaling pathway
pvp04668  TNF signaling pathway
pvp04920  Adipocytokine signaling pathway
pvp05034  Alcoholism
pvp05225  Hepatocellular carcinoma
KO pathway
ko04936   

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