KEGG   PATHWAY: bbis04140
Entry
bbis04140                   Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Bison bison bison (American bison)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
bbis04140  Autophagy - animal
bbis04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Bison bison bison (American bison) [GN:bbis]
Gene
104979673  DAPK3; death-associated protein kinase 3 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104979900  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
104979958  ATG4D; cysteine protease ATG4D [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
104980136  MTMR3; myotubularin-related protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
104980378  YKT6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 [KO:K08516]
104980404  VPS41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20184]
104980946  BIRC6; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
104980990  [KO:K04570]
104981280  RAB33B; ras-related protein Rab-33B isoform X1 [KO:K07920]
104981384  VPS11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20179]
104981453  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 [KO:K07830]
104981526  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104981529  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 [KO:K14381]
104981582  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
104981792  [KO:K10802]
104982196  WDR45; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 [KO:K22991]
104982200  LAMP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
104982211  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
104982477  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
104982793  LAMP2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06528]
104982910  SNAP29; synaptosomal-associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
104982958  PLEKHM1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 [KO:K23282]
104983354  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K17446]
104983460  ATG4B; cysteine protease ATG4B [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
104984242  ATG4C; cysteine protease ATG4C isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
104984424  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104984536  KIAA0226; run domain Beclin-1 interacting and cysteine-rich containing protein isoform X1 [KO:K19330]
104984678  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
104984780  RRAGD; ras-related GTP-binding protein D isoform X1 [KO:K16186]
104984790  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
104985059  MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X1 [KO:K08266]
104985360  GORASP1; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1 [KO:K26797]
104985452  SUPT20H; transcription factor SPT20 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21245]
104985533  [KO:K07207]
104985650  HMGB1; high mobility group protein B1 [KO:K10802]
104985708  CTSV; cathepsin L2 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
104985727  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
104985728  DAPK1; death-associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104986075  VPS16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180]
104986209  MAP1LC3C; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
104986245  [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104986246  [KO:K08334]
104986454  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
104986748  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104986966  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104987149  [KO:K17445]
104987167  [KO:K16186]
104987190  BAD; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
104987201  ATG2A; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A [KO:K17906]
104987508  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN isoform X1 [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
104987748  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
104987864  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
104988383  STX7; syntaxin-7 [KO:K08488]
104988771  DAPK2; death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104988812  CTSB; cathepsin B isoform X1 [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
104988870  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104989529  ATG16L1; autophagy-related protein 16-1 isoform X1 [KO:K17890]
104989568  UBC; polyubiquitin-C [KO:K04551]
104989601  VPS33A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A [KO:K20182]
104989637  [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104989679  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
104989798  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
104989863  RPS27A; ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
104989915  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
104990107  EPG5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog [KO:K23883]
104990124  MTMR14; myotubularin-related protein 14 isoform X1 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
104990339  ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
104990387  AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 [KO:K17985]
104990404  NBR1; next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
104990423  BECN1; beclin-1 [KO:K08334]
104990590  CALCOCO2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21348]
104990669  SMCR8; smith-Magenis syndrome chromosomal region candidate gene 8 protein [KO:K23611]
104990680  ULK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 isoform X1 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104990691  UBB; polyubiquitin-B [KO:K04551]
104991184  IGBP1; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 [KO:K17606]
104991368  GORASP2; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 [KO:K26797]
104991589  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
104991861  PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
104991948  STK11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104992248  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
104992643  RAB8A; ras-related protein Rab-8A [KO:K07901]
104992716  [KO:K02649]
104992811  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 [KO:K17908]
104992840  IGF1R; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
104992939  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104992950  WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K22262]
104993113  DEPTOR; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402]
104993281  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
104993460  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
104993677  STX17; syntaxin-17 isoform X1 [KO:K08491]
104993867  UBA52; ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
104993929  GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
104994094  UVRAG; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein [KO:K21249]
104994150  WDR41; WD repeat-containing protein 41 isoform X1 [KO:K23610]
104994167  HIF1A; hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08268]
104994208  ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
104994333  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
104994398  EIF2AK4; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104994421  VPS18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181]
104994442  VPS39; vam6/Vps39-like protein [KO:K20183]
104995356  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104995460  [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
104995575  ATG16L2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: autophagy-related protein 16-2 [KO:K20868]
104995620  [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104995737  AKT1S1; proline-rich AKT1 substrate 1 [KO:K16184]
104995846  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104996058  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
104996554  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
104996574  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
104996976  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B [KO:K17906]
104997113  [KO:K10435]
104997117  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type isoform X1 [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
104997486  DDIT4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
104997628  ULK1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104997824  ATG3; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 [KO:K08343]
104998130  PRKCQ; protein kinase C theta type [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
104998259  [KO:K23609]
104998445  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
104998527  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
104998816  RAB7B; ras-related protein Rab-7b [KO:K07898]
104998999  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104999231  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
104999331  TP53INP2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21247]
104999438  MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435]
104999799  TAX1BP1; tax1-binding protein 1 [KO:K21347]
104999887  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
104999978  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
105000002  [KO:K16185]
105000144  ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K17603]
105000165  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
105000225  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
105000418  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204]
105000467  WDR45B; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 [KO:K22991]
105000492  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
105000527  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 [KO:K17908]
105000685  ATG5; autophagy protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08339]
105000745  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105000870  TSC1; hamartin [KO:K07206]
105000948  RRAGA; ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]
105001181  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
105001190  ATG9B; autophagy-related protein 9B [KO:K17907]
105001232  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21246]
105001350  PRAP1; proline-rich acidic protein 1 [KO:K21250]
105001537  ATG101; autophagy-related protein 101 [KO:K19730]
105001629  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
105001799  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
105001805  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras [KO:K07831]
105002133  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
105002394  TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator isoform X1 [KO:K12650]
105002506  BNIP3; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
105002895  [KO:K16185]
105003018  OPTN; optineurin isoform X1 [KO:K19946]
105003252  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
105003286  SH3GLB1; endophilin-B1 isoform X1 [KO:K11248]
105003597  [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105003652  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator isoform X1 [KO:K04724]
105003692  HRAS; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
105003706  [KO:K02927]
105003787  ATG9A; autophagy-related protein 9A isoform X1 [KO:K17907]
105004076  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105004082  VMP1; vacuole membrane protein 1 [KO:K21248]
105004103  MTMR4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: myotubularin-related protein 4 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
105004469  ATG12; ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 [KO:K08336]
105004560  VAMP8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 [KO:K08512]
105004727  ATG7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 isoform X1 [KO:K08337]
105004742  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105004997  RRAGC; ras-related GTP-binding protein C [KO:K16186]
105005350  RAB1A; ras-related protein Rab-1A [KO:K07874]
105005394  ATG10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 [KO:K17888]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
bbis04010  MAPK signaling pathway
bbis04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
bbis04142  Lysosome
bbis04150  mTOR signaling pathway
bbis04152  AMPK signaling pathway
bbis04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   

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