Entry
Name
Focal adhesion - Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey)
Description
Cell-matrix adhesions play essential roles in important biological processes including cell motility, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, regulation of gene expression and cell survival. At the cell-extracellular matrix contact points, specialized structures are formed and termed focal adhesions, where bundles of actin filaments are anchored to transmembrane receptors of the integrin family through a multi-molecular complex of junctional plaque proteins. Some of the constituents of focal adhesions participate in the structural link between membrane receptors and the actin cytoskeleton, while others are signalling molecules, including different protein kinases and phosphatases, their substrates, and various adapter proteins. Integrin signaling is dependent upon the non-receptor tyrosine kinase activities of the FAK and src proteins as well as the adaptor protein functions of FAK, src and Shc to initiate downstream signaling events. These signalling events culminate in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton; a prerequisite for changes in cell shape and motility, and gene expression. Similar morphological alterations and modulation of gene expression are initiated by the binding of growth factors to their respective receptors, emphasizing the considerable crosstalk between adhesion- and growth factor-mediated signalling.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cellular community - eukaryotes
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) [GN:
mcc ]
Gene
114674157 PPP1R12C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12C [KO:K17457 ]
574201 COL1A1; collagen alpha-1(I) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06236 ]
574209 VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 1 precursor [KO:K05448 ]
694248 COL9A2; collagen alpha-2(IX) chain isoform X2 [KO:K08131 ]
694685 VAV3; guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV3 isoform X2 [KO:K05730 ]
694701 COL6A3; collagen alpha-3(VI) chain isoform X4 [KO:K06238 ]
694957 MYL12B; myosin regulatory light chain 12B [KO:K12757 ]
695077 MYL12A; myosin, light chain 12A, regulatory, non-sarcomeric isoform X1 [KO:K12757 ]
695735 PPP1R12A; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A [KO:K06270 ]
696685 LAMA4; laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K06241 ]
696709 RAC2; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 [KO:K07860 ]
698444 IGF1; insulin-like growth factor I precursor [KO:K05459 ]
698619 EGF; pro-epidermal growth factor isoform X2 [KO:K04357 ]
698996 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha [KO:K02649 ]
699502 VEGFC; vascular endothelial growth factor C precursor [KO:K05449 ]
700359 COL1A2; collagen alpha-2(I) chain precursor [KO:K06236 ]
700538 PIP5K1B; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 beta isoform X1 [KO:K00889 ] [EC:2.7.1.68 ]
700788 DOCK1; dedicator of cytokinesis protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K13708 ]
700918 DIAPH1; protein diaphanous homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05740 ]
701313 LAMA3; laminin subunit alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K06240 ]
702041 GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364 ]
702468 BIRC3; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 3 [KO:K16060 ]
702592 BIRC2; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 [KO:K16060 ]
703173 PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B [KO:K17386 ]
703302 PPP1CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
703707 COL4A6; collagen alpha-6(IV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06237 ]
703814 COL4A5; collagen alpha-5(IV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06237 ]
704310 PDGFD; platelet-derived growth factor D isoform X2 [KO:K05450 ]
704851 COL2A1; collagen alpha-1(II) chain isoform X2 [KO:K19719 ]
705775 PPP1R12B; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12B isoform X6 [KO:K12329 ]
707293 MYL7; myosin regulatory light chain 2, atrial isoform [KO:K12754 ]
707310 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
707637 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog [KO:K04393 ]
707725 PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X1 [KO:K04359 ]
708287 COL4A4; collagen alpha-4(IV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06237 ]
709493 COL6A2; collagen alpha-2(VI) chain isoform X2 [KO:K06238 ]
709784 MYL9; myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 [KO:K12755 ]
709935 PPP1CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
709959 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
710315 EMP2; epithelial membrane protein 2 precursor [KO:K26256 ]
710552 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
711778 MYLPF; myosin regulatory light chain 2, skeletal muscle isoform [KO:K12758 ]
711937 MYL2; myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform [KO:K10351 ]
712444 COL4A3; collagen alpha-3(IV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06237 ]
712610 ELK1; ETS domain-containing protein Elk-1 [KO:K04375 ]
712654 VEGFD; vascular endothelial growth factor D [KO:K05449 ]
713227 VAV2; guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV2 [KO:K05730 ]
713777 SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099 ]
713965 BCAR1; breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05726 ]
714809 COL9A1; collagen alpha-1(IX) chain isoform X4 [KO:K08131 ]
715272 RAPGEF1; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06277 ]
715394 LAMA2; laminin subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05637 ]
716022 VASP; vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein isoform X1 [KO:K06274 ]
716098 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
716936 ARHGAP35; rho GTPase-activating protein 35 [KO:K05732 ]
717161 RASGRF1; ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04349 ]
717740 BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158 ]
717755 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392 ]
719305 RAC3; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 isoform X1 [KO:K07861 ]
719319 COL6A6; collagen alpha-6(VI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06238 ]
719367 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
719943 COL9A3; collagen alpha-3(IX) chain isoform X2 [KO:K08131 ]
720286 COMP; cartilage oligomeric matrix protein [KO:K04659 ]
721735 PPP1CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
721744 PIP5K1C; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma isoform X1 [KO:K00889 ] [EC:2.7.1.68 ]
722115 VEGFB; vascular endothelial growth factor B isoform X2 [KO:K16858 ]
722472 LAMA1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: laminin subunit alpha-1 [KO:K05637 ]
Compound
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Berman AE, Kozlova NI, Morozevich GE.
Title
Integrins: structure and signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lee JW, Juliano R.
Title
Mitogenic signal transduction by integrin- and growth factor receptor-mediated pathways.
Journal
Mol Cells 17:188-202 (2004)
Reference
Authors
Danen EH, Yamada KM.
Title
Fibronectin, integrins, and growth control.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Guo W, Giancotti FG.
Title
Integrin signalling during tumour progression.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Petit V, Thiery JP.
Title
Focal adhesions: structure and dynamics.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Stupack DG, Cheresh DA.
Title
Get a ligand, get a life: integrins, signaling and cell survival.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Parsons JT.
Title
Focal adhesion kinase: the first ten years.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Mitra SK, Hanson DA, Schlaepfer DD.
Title
Focal adhesion kinase: in command and control of cell motility.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Comoglio PM, Boccaccio C, Trusolino L.
Title
Interactions between growth factor receptors and adhesion molecules: breaking the rules.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Schlaepfer DD, Mitra SK.
Title
Multiple connections link FAK to cell motility and invasion.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Burridge K, Wennerberg K.
Title
Rho and Rac take center stage.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Schmitz AA, Govek EE, Bottner B, Van Aelst L.
Title
Rho GTPases: signaling, migration, and invasion.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Vanhaesebroeck B, Alessi DR.
Title
The PI3K-PDK1 connection: more than just a road to PKB.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Nicholson KM, Anderson NG.
Title
The protein kinase B/Akt signalling pathway in human malignancy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Oloumi A, McPhee T, Dedhar S.
Title
Regulation of E-cadherin expression and beta-catenin/Tcf transcriptional activity by the integrin-linked kinase.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Turner CE.
Title
Paxillin and focal adhesion signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hlobilkova A, Knillova J, Bartek J, Lukas J, Kolar Z.
Title
The mechanism of action of the tumour suppressor gene PTEN.
Journal
Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 147:19-25 (2003)
Related pathway
mcc04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
mcc04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
mcc04810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
KO pathway