KEGG   PATHWAY: elk05161
Entry
elk05161                    Pathway                                
Name
Hepatitis B - Enhydra lutris kenyoni (northern sea otter)
Description
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped virus and contains a partially double-stranded relaxed circular DNA (RC-DNA) genome. After entry into hepatocytes, HBV RC-DNA is transported to the nucleus and converted into a covalently closed circular molecule cccDNA. The cccDNA is the template for transcription of all viral RNAs including the pregenomic RNA (pgRNA), encoding for 7 viral proteins: large, middle, and small envelope proteins (LHBs, MHBs, and SHBs) that form the surface antigen (HBsAg), the core antigen (HBcAg), the e antigen (HBeAg), the HBV polymerase, and the regulatory protein X (HBx). The pgRNA interacts with the viral polymerase protein to initiate the encapsidation into the core particles. Through endoplasmic reticulum, the core particles finish assembling with the envelope proteins and are released. HBV infection leads to a wide spectrum of liver diseases raging from chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. The mechanism of liver injury is still not clear. However, HBV proteins target host proteins, involved in a variety of functions, thus regulating transcription, cellular signaling cascades, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: viral
Pathway map
elk05161  Hepatitis B
elk05161

Organism
Enhydra lutris kenyoni (northern sea otter) [GN:elk]
Gene
111154824  basement membrane-specific heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein [KO:K06255]
111148671  sodium/bile acid cotransporter [KO:K14341]
111161420  transforming growth factor beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K13375]
111151068  transforming growth factor beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K13376]
111148592  transforming growth factor beta-3 [KO:K13377]
111146071  TGF-beta receptor type-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
111158999  TGF-beta receptor type-2 [KO:K04388] [EC:2.7.11.30]
111153179  mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 [KO:K23605]
111147618  cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 [KO:K06625]
111144860  mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
111158897  mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
111154016  mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
111146783  myc proto-oncogene protein [KO:K04377]
111144964  E3 SUMO-protein ligase EGR2 [KO:K12496]
111155506  early growth response protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12497]
111157665  histone acetyltransferase p300 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
111156131  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: CREB-binding protein [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
111150819  tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6-like [KO:K04389]
111150909  tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
111150052  DNA damage-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10610]
111150113  DNA damage-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10140]
111156879  mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04416] [EC:2.7.11.25]
111154124  14-3-3 protein theta [KO:K16197]
111141382  14-3-3 protein beta/alpha [KO:K16197]
111146608  14-3-3 protein zeta/delta [KO:K16197]
111161210  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04430] [EC:2.7.12.2]
111155003  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
111147545  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
111154641  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
111143470  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
111155224  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
111143790  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
111161374  RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111148765  RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111150885  RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111144921  inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
111144397  inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
111139191  NF-kappa-B essential modulator [KO:K07210]
111140276  NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04734]
111153611  nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
111149956  transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
111141396  matrix metalloproteinase-9 [KO:K01403] [EC:3.4.24.35]
111154217  apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
111149975  bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
111144883  tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390]
111149616  FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
111141026  caspase-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
111141157  caspase-10 [KO:K04400] [EC:3.4.22.63]
111159768  BH3-interacting domain death agonist [KO:K04726]
111160657  apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
111142091  apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02084]
111147305  cytochrome c isoform X1 [KO:K08738]
111142635  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome c, testis-specific-like [KO:K08738]
111141900  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: uncharacterized protein LOC111141900 [KO:K08738]
111154673  caspase-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
111144607  caspase-3 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
111153889  caspase-12-like isoform X1 [KO:K04741] [EC:3.4.22.-]
111160341  baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 [KO:K08731]
111161133  cellular tumor antigen p53 [KO:K04451]
111154269  cyclin-A2 [KO:K06627]
111158563  cyclin-A1 [KO:K06627]
111160135  cyclin-dependent kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02206] [EC:2.7.11.22]
111161443  G1/S-specific cyclin-E1 isoform X1 [KO:K06626]
111146791  G1/S-specific cyclin-E2 [KO:K06626]
111146911  retinoblastoma-associated protein [KO:K06618]
111141556  transcription factor E2F1 [KO:K17454]
111154729  transcription factor E2F2 isoform X1 [KO:K09389]
111138625  transcription factor E2F3 isoform X1 [KO:K06620]
111139189  V-type proton ATPase subunit S1 [KO:K03662]
111158087  protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
111162208  protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
111139613  protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
111154209  nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04446]
111141582  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K17332]
111152752  nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 isoform X1 [KO:K17333]
111160328  nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 isoform X1 [KO:K17334]
111152248  tumor necrosis factor isoform X1 [KO:K03156]
111142881  tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 [KO:K11217] [EC:2.7.10.2]
111153517  tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 [KO:K04447] [EC:2.7.10.2]
111143876  tyrosine-protein kinase JAK3 isoform X1 [KO:K11218] [EC:2.7.10.2]
111162402  non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2 isoform X1 [KO:K11219] [EC:2.7.10.2]
111151241  signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04692]
111144592  signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta isoform X1 [KO:K11220]
111160141  signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11221]
111141082  signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 [KO:K11222]
111151211  signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A [KO:K11223]
111151253  signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B [KO:K11224]
111160115  signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 [KO:K11225]
111144425  voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15041]
111153692  protein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta isoform X1 [KO:K05871] [EC:2.7.10.2]
111141563  proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
111160411  growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
111158354  son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
111160889  son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
111140316  GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
111159984  GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
111143238  GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
111143174  transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
111142438  mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 [KO:K04501]
111142901  cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450]
111147575  cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
111151973  cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
111146280  cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 [KO:K09048]
111150050  cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048]
111138943  cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
111161856  cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
111157635  cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
111147321  cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 [KO:K09047]
111152366  cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta isoform X1 [KO:K09049]
111149115  interleukin-8 [KO:K10030]
111141843  proliferating cell nuclear antigen [KO:K04802]
111150582  serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf isoform X1 [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111151941  serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X1 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111144322  RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111153158  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
111161815  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
111162236  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
111142759  mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
111148602  proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
111150586  ETS domain-containing protein Elk-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04375]
111154734  toll-like receptor 2 [KO:K10159]
111159049  myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729]
111153868  toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein [KO:K05403]
111146042  toll-like receptor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K10160]
111157836  interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111139109  interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04730] [EC:2.7.11.1]
111150027  TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
111157505  TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 [KO:K04403]
111147521  TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 [KO:K04404]
111158801  mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
111147365  interleukin-6 isoform X1 [KO:K05405]
111139240  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 [KO:K04432] [EC:2.7.12.2]
111158041  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04433] [EC:2.7.12.2]
111152267  mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
111157625  mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
111157628  mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
111152183  mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
111161723  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04431] [EC:2.7.12.2]
111158884  TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 2 [KO:K05409]
111144566  toll-like receptor 3 [KO:K05401]
111161725  TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 1 [KO:K05842]
111146203  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX58 [KO:K12646] [EC:5.6.2.6]
111140996  interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12647] [EC:5.6.2.6]
111141602  mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein isoform X1 [KO:K12648]
111148495  TNF receptor-associated factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K03174]
111151174  inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K07211] [EC:2.7.11.10]
111142106  serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 isoform X1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
111139453  ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX3X-like isoform X1 [KO:K11594] [EC:5.6.2.7]
111150416  ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX3X isoform X1 [KO:K11594] [EC:5.6.2.7]
111160645  interferon regulatory factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05411]
111150049  interferon regulatory factor 7 [KO:K09447]
111140482  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
111159856  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
111159858  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
111159859  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
111159861  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
111159862  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
111156578  interferon alpha-2-like [KO:K05414]
111156593  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
111156594  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
111156604  interferon alpha-like [KO:K05414]
111140592  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
111156606  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
111156609  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
111140329  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
111140335  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
111140336  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
111156577  interferon beta [KO:K05415]
111155707  interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 [KO:K05130]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
Reference
PMID:30059722
  Authors
Caballero A, Tabernero D, Buti M, Rodriguez-Frias F
  Title
Hepatitis B virus: The challenge of an ancient virus with multiple faces and a remarkable replication strategy.
  Journal
Antiviral Res 158:34-44 (2018)
DOI:10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.07.019
Reference
PMID:22869468
  Authors
Walsh R, Locarnini S
  Title
Hepatitis B precore protein: pathogenic potential and therapeutic promise.
  Journal
Yonsei Med J 53:875-85 (2012)
DOI:10.3349/ymj.2012.53.5.875
Reference
PMID:26239691
  Authors
Liang TJ, Block TM, McMahon BJ, Ghany MG, Urban S, Guo JT, Locarnini S, Zoulim F, Chang KM, Lok AS
  Title
Present and future therapies of hepatitis B: From discovery to cure.
  Journal
Hepatology 62:1893-908 (2015)
DOI:10.1002/hep.28025
Reference
PMID:26776362
  Authors
Morikawa K, Suda G, Sakamoto N
  Title
Viral life cycle of hepatitis B virus: Host factors and druggable targets.
  Journal
Hepatol Res 46:871-7 (2016)
DOI:10.1111/hepr.12650
Reference
PMID:19201080
  Authors
Feitelson MA, Reis HM, Tufan NL, Sun B, Pan J, Lian Z
  Title
Putative roles of hepatitis B x antigen in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 286:69-79 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2008.12.010
Reference
PMID:19263472
  Authors
Murata M, Matsuzaki K, Yoshida K, Sekimoto G, Tahashi Y, Mori S, Uemura Y, Sakaida N, Fujisawa J, Seki T, Kobayashi K, Yokote K, Koike K, Okazaki K
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein shifts human hepatic transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling from tumor suppression to oncogenesis in early chronic hepatitis B.
  Journal
Hepatology 49:1203-17 (2009)
DOI:10.1002/hep.22765
Reference
PMID:15173177
  Authors
Yoo YG, Lee MO
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein induces expression of Fas ligand gene through enhancing transcriptional activity of early growth response factor.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:36242-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M401290200
Reference
PMID:16459163
  Authors
Zhang X, Zhang H, Ye L
  Title
Effects of hepatitis B virus X protein on the development of liver cancer.
  Journal
J Lab Clin Med 147:58-66 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.lab.2005.10.003
Reference
PMID:19854353
  Authors
Benhenda S, Cougot D, Buendia MA, Neuveut C
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein molecular functions and its role in virus life cycle and pathogenesis.
  Journal
Adv Cancer Res 103:75-109 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/S0065-230X(09)03004-8
Reference
PMID:21994562
  Authors
Benhenda S, Cougot D, Neuveut C, Buendia MA
  Title
Liver cell transformation in chronic HBV infection.
  Journal
Viruses 1:630-46 (2009)
DOI:10.3390/v1030630
Reference
PMID:11099494
  Authors
Diao J, Khine AA, Sarangi F, Hsu E, Iorio C, Tibbles LA, Woodgett JR, Penninger J, Richardson CD
  Title
X protein of hepatitis B virus inhibits Fas-mediated apoptosis and is associated with up-regulation of the SAPK/JNK pathway.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 276:8328-40 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M006026200
Reference
PMID:16891440
  Authors
Park NH, Song IH, Chung YH
  Title
Chronic hepatitis B in hepatocarcinogenesis.
  Journal
Postgrad Med J 82:507-15 (2006)
DOI:10.1136/pgmj.2006.047431
Reference
PMID:28820498
  Authors
Lin S, Zhang YJ
  Title
Interference of Apoptosis by Hepatitis B Virus.
  Journal
Viruses 9:E230 (2017)
DOI:10.3390/v9080230
Reference
PMID:16173017
  Authors
Zhang X, Dong N, Yin L, Cai N, Ma H, You J, Zhang H, Wang H, He R, Ye L
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein upregulates survivin expression in hepatoma tissues.
  Journal
J Med Virol 77:374-81 (2005)
DOI:10.1002/jmv.20466
Reference
PMID:18481805
  Authors
Kim HJ, Kim SY, Kim J, Lee H, Choi M, Kim JK, Ahn JK
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein induces apoptosis by enhancing translocation of Bax to mitochondria.
  Journal
IUBMB Life 60:473-80 (2008)
DOI:10.1002/iub.68
Reference
PMID:21647825
  Authors
Ng SA, Lee C
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X gene and hepatocarcinogenesis.
  Journal
J Gastroenterol 46:974-90 (2011)
DOI:10.1007/s00535-011-0415-9
Reference
PMID:9195957
  Authors
Cong YS, Yao YL, Yang WM, Kuzhandaivelu N, Seto E
  Title
The hepatitis B virus X-associated protein, XAP3, is a protein kinase C-binding protein.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 272:16482-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.272.26.16482
Reference
PMID:12686421
  Authors
Panteva M, Korkaya H, Jameel S
  Title
Hepatitis viruses and the MAPK pathway: is this a survival strategy?
  Journal
Virus Res 92:131-40 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0168-1702(02)00356-8
Reference
PMID:9738022
  Authors
Lee YH, Yun Y
  Title
HBx protein of hepatitis B virus activates Jak1-STAT signaling.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:25510-5 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.39.25510
Reference
PMID:18251977
  Authors
Tan A, Yeh SH, Liu CJ, Cheung C, Chen PJ
  Title
Viral hepatocarcinogenesis: from infection to cancer.
  Journal
Liver Int 28:175-88 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2007.01652.x
Reference
PMID:17059849
  Authors
Chami M, Oules B, Paterlini-Brechot P
  Title
Cytobiological consequences of calcium-signaling alterations induced by human viral proteins.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1763:1344-62 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2006.09.025
Reference
PMID:11743185
  Authors
Ganem D
  Title
Virology. The X files--one step closer to closure.
  Journal
Science 294:2299-300 (2001)
DOI:10.1126/science.1067850
Reference
PMID:15132991
  Authors
Chung TW, Lee YC, Kim CH
  Title
Hepatitis B viral HBx induces matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene expression through activation of ERK and PI-3K/AKT pathways: involvement of invasive potential.
  Journal
FASEB J 18:1123-5 (2004)
DOI:10.1096/fj.03-1429fje
Reference
PMID:18605975
  Authors
Gurtsevitch VE
  Title
Human oncogenic viruses: hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses and their role in hepatocarcinogenesis.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 73:504-13 (2008)
DOI:10.1134/S0006297908050039
Reference
PMID:21994545
  Authors
Schadler S, Hildt E
  Title
HBV life cycle: entry and morphogenesis.
  Journal
Viruses 1:185-209 (2009)
DOI:10.3390/v1020185
Reference
PMID:28862649
  Authors
Ortega-Prieto AM, Dorner M
  Title
Immune Evasion Strategies during Chronic Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection.
  Journal
Vaccines (Basel) 5:E24 (2017)
DOI:10.3390/vaccines5030024
Reference
PMID:28704708
  Authors
Nosratabadi R, Alavian SM, Zare-Bidaki M, Shahrokhi VM, Arababadi MK
  Title
Innate immunity related pathogen recognition receptors and chronic hepatitis B infection.
  Journal
Mol Immunol 90:64-73 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2017.07.002
Reference
PMID:24530748
  Authors
Bagheri V, Askari A, Arababadi MK, Kennedy D
  Title
Can Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 2 be considered as a new target for immunotherapy against hepatitis B infection?
  Journal
Hum Immunol 75:549-54 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.humimm.2014.02.018
Reference
PMID:25550115
  Authors
Zhang E, Lu M
  Title
Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated innate immune responses in the control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
  Journal
Med Microbiol Immunol 204:11-20 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00430-014-0370-1
Reference
PMID:20375222
  Authors
Yu S, Chen J, Wu M, Chen H, Kato N, Yuan Z
  Title
Hepatitis B virus polymerase inhibits RIG-I- and Toll-like receptor 3-mediated beta interferon induction in human hepatocytes through interference with interferon regulatory factor 3 activation and dampening of the interaction between TBK1/IKKepsilon and DDX3.
  Journal
J Gen Virol 91:2080-90 (2010)
DOI:10.1099/vir.0.020552-0
Reference
PMID:23363957
  Authors
Revill P, Yuan Z
  Title
New insights into how HBV manipulates the innate immune response to establish acute and persistent infection.
  Journal
Antivir Ther 18:1-15 (2013)
DOI:10.3851/IMP2542
Reference
PMID:28893934
  Authors
Hopcraft SE, Damania B
  Title
Tumour viruses and innate immunity.
  Journal
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 372:20160267 (2017)
DOI:10.1098/rstb.2016.0267
Reference
PMID:22504921
  Authors
Dandri M, Locarnini S
  Title
New insight in the pathobiology of hepatitis B virus infection.
  Journal
Gut 61 Suppl 1:i6-17 (2012)
DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302056
Related
pathway
elk04010  MAPK signaling pathway
elk04064  NF-kappa B signaling pathway
elk04110  Cell cycle
elk04115  p53 signaling pathway
elk04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
elk04210  Apoptosis
elk04620  Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
elk04622  RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway
elk04630  JAK-STAT signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05161   
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