KEGG   PATHWAY: ppam05206
Entry
ppam05206                   Pathway                                
Name
MicroRNAs in cancer - Pteronotus mesoamericanus (Parnell's mustached bat)
Description
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a cluster of small non-encoding RNA molecules of 21 - 23 nucleotides in length, which controls gene expression post-transcriptionally either via the degradation of target mRNAs or the inhibition of protein translation. Using high-throughput profiling, dysregulation of miRNAs has been widely observed in different stages of cancer. The upregulation (overexpression) of specific miRNAs could lead to the repression of tumor suppressor gene expression, and conversely the downregulation of specific miRNAs could result in an increase of oncogene expression; both these situations induce subsequent malignant effects on cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis that lead to tumor growth and progress. The miRNA signatures of cancer observed in various studies differ significantly. These inconsistencies occur due to the differences in the study populations and methodologies used. This pathway map shows the summarized results from various studies in 9 cancers, each of which is presented in a review article.
Class
Human Diseases; Cancer: overview
Pathway map
ppam05206  MicroRNAs in cancer
ppam05206

Organism
Pteronotus mesoamericanus (Parnell's mustached bat) [GN:ppam]
Gene
129069750  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
129085013  CDKN1B; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B [KO:K06624]
129071344  TIMP3; metalloproteinase inhibitor 3 [KO:K16866]
129084969  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
129063507  CDK6; cyclin-dependent kinase 6 [KO:K02091] [EC:2.7.11.22]
129087811  CDC25A; M-phase inducer phosphatase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06645] [EC:3.1.3.48]
129070824  CDC25B; M-phase inducer phosphatase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05866] [EC:3.1.3.48]
129066655  CDC25C; M-phase inducer phosphatase 3 [KO:K05867] [EC:3.1.3.48]
129075989  HMGA2; high mobility group protein HMGI-C [KO:K09283]
129068523  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503]
129074231  CCND2; G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 [KO:K10151]
129084214  CCNE2; G1/S-specific cyclin-E2 [KO:K06626]
129068119  CCNE1; G1/S-specific cyclin-E1 [KO:K06626]
129070345  CRK; adapter molecule crk isoform X1 [KO:K04438]
129086337  CRKL; crk-like protein [KO:K04438]
129068576  HDAC4; histone deacetylase 4 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
129086583  HDAC5; histone deacetylase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
129088229  FOXP1; forkhead box protein P1 isoform X1 [KO:K23582]
129067423  PIM1; serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-1 [KO:K04702] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129063382  MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05099] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129067210  DNMT3A; DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A [KO:K17398] [EC:2.1.1.37]
129070478  DNMT3B; DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3B isoform X1 [KO:K17399] [EC:2.1.1.37]
129072028  MCL1; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 [KO:K02539]
129068919  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129067485  VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A [KO:K05448]
129085829  ZEB1; zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 [KO:K09299]
129072973  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13376]
129067883  EZR; ezrin [KO:K08007]
129077175  PDCD4; programmed cell death protein 4 [KO:K16865]
129083641  CREBBP; CREB-binding protein isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
129077851  EP300; histone acetyltransferase p300 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
129064196  TPM1; tropomyosin alpha-1 chain isoform X1 [KO:K10373]
129080927  SPRY2; protein sprouty homolog 2 [KO:K17383]
129078764  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
129078909  SERPINB5; serpin B5 [KO:K10139]
129075346  ST14; suppressor of tumorigenicity 14 protein [KO:K08670] [EC:3.4.21.109]
129066174  cytochrome P450 1B1 [KO:K07410] [EC:1.14.14.1]
129075656  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129086631  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR [KO:K07204]
129070417  1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) 24-hydroxylase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K07436] [EC:1.14.15.16]
129087036  ERBB2; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 [KO:K05083] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129075763  ERBB3; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05084] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129079203  ABL1; tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 isoform X1 [KO:K06619] [EC:2.7.10.2]
129079874  TP63; tumor protein 63 isoform X1 [KO:K10149]
129061938  ZEB2; zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 isoform X1 [KO:K23560]
129085028  FSCN1; fascin [KO:K23551]
129087612  RASSF1; ras association domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K09850]
129061633  HOXD10; homeobox protein Hox-D10 [KO:K09295]
129069901  DDIT4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
129064360  BMF; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: bcl-2-modifying factor [KO:K17460]
129076651  PAK4; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05734] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129070437  MMP9; matrix metalloproteinase-9 [KO:K01403] [EC:3.4.24.35]
129073486  SLC7A1; high affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K13863]
129066498  CCNG1; cyclin-G1 [KO:K10145]
129071260  HMOX1; heme oxygenase 1 [KO:K00510] [EC:1.14.14.18]
129068992  STMN1; stathmin [KO:K04381]
129086937  STAT3; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04692]
129084081  MYC; myc proto-oncogene protein [KO:K04377]
129064891  CASP3; caspase-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
129073113  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
129063946  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
129061540  DNMT1; DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
129081677  APC2; adenomatous polyposis coli protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02085]
129083908  APC; adenomatous polyposis coli protein isoform X1 [KO:K02085]
129080305  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
129074969  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
129069407  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
129074590  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
129068690  MAPK7; mitogen-activated protein kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04464] [EC:2.7.11.24]
129075675  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
129076577  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
129088291  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
129078233  HNRNPK; heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K isoform X1 [KO:K12886]
129079423  RECK; reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs [KO:K17461]
129085787  E2F3; transcription factor E2F3 [KO:K06620]
129071212  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07187]
129079176  NOTCH1; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 [KO:K02599]
129063746  NOTCH2; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K20994]
129074800  NOTCH3; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3 [KO:K20995]
129067917  NOTCH4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 4 [KO:K20996]
129086293  BMI1; polycomb complex protein BMI-1 [KO:K11459]
129087971  MMP16; matrix metalloproteinase-16 [KO:K07996] [EC:3.4.24.-]
129086012  ATM; serine-protein kinase ATM [KO:K04728] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129083397  SOCS1; suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 [KO:K04694]
129080465  CD44; CD44 antigen isoform X1 [KO:K06256]
129065795  DICER1; endoribonuclease Dicer isoform X1 [KO:K11592] [EC:3.1.26.-]
129072540  FZD3; frizzled-3 [KO:K02329]
129084791  ITGA5; integrin alpha-5 [KO:K06484]
129085899  RDX; radixin [KO:K05762]
129085967  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transforming protein RhoA-like [KO:K04513]
129087688  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
129074464  transforming protein RhoA-like isoform X1 [KO:K04513]
129069768  PLAU; urokinase-type plasminogen activator [KO:K01348] [EC:3.4.21.73]
129066993  BAK1; bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer [KO:K14021]
129084270  ZFPM2; zinc finger protein ZFPM2 isoform X1 [KO:K17442]
129071582  ITGB3; integrin beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K06493]
129083093  SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9-B-like [KO:K10577]
129083560  UBE2I; SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9 [KO:K10577]
129071337  SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9-like [KO:K10577]
129080015  SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9-like [KO:K10577]
129085785  SOX4; transcription factor SOX-4 [KO:K23581]
129081861  TNN; tenascin-N [KO:K06252]
129081897  TNR; tenascin-R [KO:K06252]
129079622  TNC; tenascin [KO:K06252]
129067337  TNXB; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tenascin-X [KO:K06252]
129063076  ABCB1; ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 [KO:K05658] [EC:7.6.2.2]
129083713  ABCC1; multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 [KO:K05665] [EC:7.6.2.3]
129086900  BRCA1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein [KO:K10605] [EC:2.3.2.27]
129067419  CDKN1A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 [KO:K06625]
129062187  EFNA1; ephrin-A1 isoform X1 [KO:K05462]
129062396  EFNA3; ephrin-A3 [KO:K05462]
129062397  EFNA4; ephrin-A4 isoform X1 [KO:K05462]
129083924  EFNA5; ephrin-A5 isoform X1 [KO:K05462]
129080087  EFNA2; ephrin-A2 [KO:K05462]
129064365  THBS1; thrombospondin-1 [KO:K16857]
129080114  IGF2BP1; insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17391]
129088015  TRIM71; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM71 [KO:K12035] [EC:2.3.2.27]
129085322  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
129064790  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
129081870  PTGS2; prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 [KO:K11987] [EC:1.14.99.1]
129078069  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
129086248  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
129070225  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
129076731  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
129081586  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type isoform X1 [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
129086587  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
129077479  FGFR3; fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05094] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129065833  RPS6KA5; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04445] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129072290  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 [KO:K04451]
129075868  MDM2; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2 isoform X1 [KO:K06643] [EC:2.3.2.27]
129062309  MDM4; protein Mdm4 [KO:K10127]
129077631  PDGFRA; platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04363] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129070698  PLCG1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
129075160  PLCG2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2 [KO:K05859] [EC:3.1.4.11]
129088423  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129064157  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
129078155  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
129064134  son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
129066034  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
129062405  SHC1; SHC-transforming protein 1 [KO:K06279]
129065324  PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X1 [KO:K04359]
129064266  SHC4; SHC-transforming protein 4 [KO:K17449]
129077932  PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B [KO:K17386]
129066549  PDGFRB; platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta isoform X1 [KO:K05089] [EC:2.7.10.1]
129070474  E2F1; transcription factor E2F1 [KO:K17454]
129068981  E2F2; transcription factor E2F2 [KO:K09389]
129072137  BCL2L11; bcl-2-like protein 11 isoform X1 [KO:K16341]
129067711  MARCKS; myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate [KO:K12561]
129080418  BMPR2; bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-2 [KO:K04671] [EC:2.7.11.30]
129069270  HDAC1; histone deacetylase 1 [KO:K06067] [EC:3.5.1.98]
129067712  HDAC2; histone deacetylase 2 [KO:K06067] [EC:3.5.1.98]
129063401  EZH2; histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 [KO:K11430] [EC:2.1.1.356]
129075783  GLS2; glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
129065468  GLS; glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
129069947  SIRT1; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K11411] [EC:2.3.1.286]
129071521  WNT3; proto-oncogene Wnt-3 [KO:K00312]
129079093  WNT3A; protein Wnt-3a [KO:K00312]
129068403  CDCA5; sororin [KO:K17390]
129064436  KIF23; kinesin-like protein KIF23 [KO:K17387]
129078629  ROCK1; rho-associated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04514] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129065757  PRKCE; protein kinase C epsilon type isoform X1 [KO:K18050] [EC:2.7.11.13]
129062258  SLC45A3; solute carrier family 45 member 3 [KO:K15379]
129086544  VIM; vimentin [KO:K07606]
Reference
PMID:18817506
  Authors
Lee YS, Dutta A
  Title
MicroRNAs in cancer.
  Journal
Annu Rev Pathol 4:199-227 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.pathol.4.110807.092222
Reference
PMID:21402473
  Authors
Babashah S, Soleimani M
  Title
The oncogenic and tumour suppressive roles of microRNAs in cancer and apoptosis.
  Journal
Eur J Cancer 47:1127-37 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.ejca.2011.02.008
Reference
PMID:19630570
  Authors
Garzon R, Calin GA, Croce CM
  Title
MicroRNAs in Cancer.
  Journal
Annu Rev Med 60:167-79 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.med.59.053006.104707
Reference
PMID:23075324
  Authors
Chen PS, Su JL, Hung MC
  Title
Dysregulation of microRNAs in cancer.
  Journal
J Biomed Sci 19:90 (2012)
DOI:10.1186/1423-0127-19-90
Reference
PMID:22035854
  Authors
Ling H, Zhang W, Calin GA
  Title
Principles of microRNA involvement in human cancers.
  Journal
Chin J Cancer 30:739-48 (2011)
DOI:10.5732/cjc.011.10243
Reference
PMID:22351564
  Authors
Iorio MV, Croce CM
  Title
MicroRNA dysregulation in cancer: diagnostics, monitoring and therapeutics. A comprehensive review.
  Journal
EMBO Mol Med 4:143-59 (2012)
DOI:10.1002/emmm.201100209
Reference
PMID:21742789
  Authors
Sayed D, Abdellatif M
  Title
MicroRNAs in development and disease.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 91:827-87 (2011)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00006.2010
Reference
PMID:22345301
  Authors
Wang Q, Wang S, Wang H, Li P, Ma Z
  Title
MicroRNAs: novel biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis, prediction and treatment.
  Journal
Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 237:227-35 (2012)
DOI:10.1258/ebm.2011.011192
Reference
PMID:22580099
  Authors
Song JH, Meltzer SJ
  Title
MicroRNAs in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of gastroesophageal cancers.
  Journal
Gastroenterology 143:35-47.e2 (2012)
DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2012.05.003
Reference
PMID:23462054
  Authors
Chu Y, Zhu H, Lv L, Zhou Y, Huo J
  Title
MiRNA s in oesophageal squamous cancer.
  Journal
Neth J Med 71:69-75 (2013)
Reference
PMID:19773200
  Authors
Kan T, Meltzer SJ
  Title
MicroRNAs in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.
  Journal
Curr Opin Pharmacol 9:727-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.coph.2009.08.009
Reference
PMID:20128019
  Authors
Smith CM, Watson DI, Michael MZ, Hussey DJ
  Title
MicroRNAs, development of Barrett's esophagus, and progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma.
  Journal
World J Gastroenterol 16:531-7 (2010)
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v16.i5.531
Reference
PMID:23165235
  Authors
Song S, Ajani JA
  Title
The role of microRNAs in cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
  Journal
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 10:109-18 (2013)
DOI:10.1038/nrgastro.2012.210
Reference
PMID:21565290
  Authors
Liu WH, Yeh SH, Chen PJ
  Title
Role of microRNAs in hepatitis B virus replication and pathogenesis.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1809:678-85 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2011.04.008
Reference
PMID:23091478
  Authors
Hrasovec S, Glavac D
  Title
MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer.
  Journal
Front Genet 3:180 (2012)
DOI:10.3389/fgene.2012.00180
Reference
PMID:22926415
  Authors
Liu H
  Title
MicroRNAs in breast cancer initiation and progression.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 69:3587-99 (2012)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-012-1128-9
Reference
PMID:20345848
  Authors
Li SD, Zhang JR, Wang YQ, Wan XP
  Title
The role of microRNAs in ovarian cancer initiation and progression.
  Journal
J Cell Mol Med 14:2240-9 (2010)
DOI:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01058.x
Reference
PMID:23316212
  Authors
Zabolotneva AA, Zhavoronkov A, Garazha AV, Roumiantsev SA, Buzdin AA
  Title
Characteristic patterns of microRNA expression in human bladder cancer.
  Journal
Front Genet 3:310 (2012)
DOI:10.3389/fgene.2012.00310
Reference
PMID:20221895
  Authors
Saini S, Majid S, Dahiya R
  Title
Diet, microRNAs and prostate cancer.
  Journal
Pharm Res 27:1014-26 (2010)
DOI:10.1007/s11095-010-0086-x
Related
pathway
ppam05210  Colorectal cancer
ppam05214  Glioma
ppam05215  Prostate cancer
ppam05219  Bladder cancer
ppam05222  Small cell lung cancer
ppam05223  Non-small cell lung cancer
KO pathway
ko05206   
LinkDB

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