KEGG   PATHWAY: ssc04072
Entry
ssc04072                    Pathway                                
Name
Phospholipase D signaling pathway - Sus scrofa (pig)
Description
Phospholipase D (PLD) is an essential enzyme responsible for the production of the lipid second messenger phosphatidic acid (PA), which is involved in fundamental cellular processes, including membrane trafficking, actin cytoskeleton remodeling, cell proliferation and cell survival. PLD activity can be stimulated by a large number of cell surface receptors and is elaborately regulated by intracellular factors, including protein kinase C isoforms, small GTPases of the ARF, Rho and Ras families and the phosphoinositide, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). The PLD-produced PA activates signaling proteins and acts as a node within the membrane to which signaling proteins translocate. Several signaling proteins, including Raf-1 and mTOR, directly bind PA to mediate translocation or activation, respectively.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
Pathway map
ssc04072  Phospholipase D signaling pathway
ssc04072

Organism
Sus scrofa (pig) [GN:ssc]
Gene
397083  EGF; pro-epidermal growth factor precursor [KO:K04357]
100519764  PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X5 [KO:K04359]
100515267  PDGFC; platelet-derived growth factor C isoform X1 [KO:K05450]
100524161  PDGFD; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: platelet-derived growth factor D [KO:K05450]
397509  KITLG; kit ligand precursor [KO:K05461]
397415  INS; insulin precursor [KO:K04526]
397070  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor precursor [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100627123  PDGFRA; platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha precursor [KO:K04363] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102166564  PDGFRB; platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta [KO:K05089] [EC:2.7.10.1]
396810  KIT; mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit precursor [KO:K05091] [EC:2.7.10.1]
396755  INSR; insulin receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100192436  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
100511026  GAB1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: GRB2-associated-binding protein 1 [KO:K09593]
100513609  GAB2; GRB2-associated-binding protein 2 [KO:K08091]
100156321  SHC1; SHC-transforming protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K06279]
110259382  SHC2; SHC-transforming protein 2 [KO:K17447]
102164918  SHC3; SHC-transforming protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K17448]
100526147  SHC4; SHC-transforming protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K17449]
100170851  PTPN11; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11 isoform X1 [KO:K07293] [EC:3.1.3.48]
100620540  tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11-like [KO:K07293] [EC:3.1.3.48]
100156602  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 [KO:K03099]
100520187  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
110259208  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
100518251  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X2 [KO:K07827]
100739349  NRAS; GTPase NRas precursor [KO:K07828]
100621398  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras isoform X1 [KO:K07831]
100516558  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras [KO:K07829]
100155308  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ras-related protein R-Ras2 [KO:K07830]
110259297  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
100513970  RALGDS; ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator isoform X1 [KO:K08732]
100622254  RALA; ras-related protein Ral-A isoform X2 [KO:K07834]
100624229  RALB; ras-related protein Ral-B [KO:K07835]
100518131  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100621789  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100622559  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100511937  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
100739510  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
100623707  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
100126861  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100513811  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100127478  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100154726  TSC1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: hamartin [KO:K07206]
100505408  TSC2; tuberin isoform X2 [KO:K07207]
100516050  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
100127359  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
396849  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
100301914  ARF1; ADP-ribosylation factor 1 [KO:K07937]
100270721  ARF2; ADP-ribosylation factor 2 [KO:K07937]
780425  ARF6; ADP-ribosylation factor 6 [KO:K07941]
100152497  PLCG1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100518663  PLCG2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05859] [EC:3.1.4.11]
396781  IgG heavy chain precursor [KO:K06856]
100038328  immunoglobulin heavy variable 3-23 [KO:K06856]
100152827  FCER1A; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08089]
397166  MS4A2; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit beta [KO:K08090]
397406  FCER1G; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma precursor [KO:K07983]
791125  FYN; tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn [KO:K05703] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100125540  SYK; tyrosine-protein kinase SYK [KO:K05855] [EC:2.7.10.2]
397184  PRKCA; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100519446  PLD1; phospholipase D1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
414900  PLD2; phospholipase D2 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
100520687  PLA2G4A; cytosolic phospholipase A2 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
100152927  PLA2G4B; cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
100514811  PLA2G4E; cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
100513834  PLA2G4F; cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
102162529  PLA2G4D; cytosolic phospholipase A2 delta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
613128  AGPAT1; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase alpha [KO:K13509] [EC:2.3.1.51]
100170768  AGPAT2; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase beta precursor [KO:K13509] [EC:2.3.1.51]
100233171  AGPAT3; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gamma [KO:K13523] [EC:2.3.1.51 2.3.1.-]
100156632  AGPAT4; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase delta [KO:K13523] [EC:2.3.1.51 2.3.1.-]
100233172  AGPAT5; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase epsilon [KO:K19007] [EC:2.3.1.51]
100519210  SPHK1; sphingosine kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
100738292  SPHK2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sphingosine kinase 2 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
100737448  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100233191  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100525505  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100153927  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
445013  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100521362  PIP5K1C; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
100624272  PIP5K1A; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 alpha [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
102167387  PIP5K1B; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 beta isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
100312967  DGKE; diacylglycerol kinase epsilon [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
397097  DGKA; diacylglycerol kinase alpha [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
100519533  DGKZ; diacylglycerol kinase zeta isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
100526190  DGKD; diacylglycerol kinase delta isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
100625799  DGKB; diacylglycerol kinase beta isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
100622701  DGKQ; diacylglycerol kinase theta isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
100157742  DGKH; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: diacylglycerol kinase eta [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
100521167  DGKI; diacylglycerol kinase iota isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
100623595  DGKG; diacylglycerol kinase gamma isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
100155983  DGKK; diacylglycerol kinase kappa [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
100233200  PLPP2; phospholipid phosphatase 2 [KO:K01080] [EC:3.1.3.4]
100515451  PLPP1; phospholipid phosphatase 1 isoform X4 [KO:K01080] [EC:3.1.3.4]
100512419  PLPP3; phospholipid phosphatase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K01080] [EC:3.1.3.4]
100144442  F2; prothrombin precursor [KO:K01313] [EC:3.4.21.5]
100157073  AGT; angiotensinogen [KO:K09821]
396995  AVP; vasopressin-neurophysin 2-copeptin precursor [KO:K05242]
396880  CXCL8; interleukin-8 precursor [KO:K10030]
100519976  AGTR1; type-1 angiotensin II receptor [KO:K04166]
100521609  F2R; proteinase-activated receptor 1 precursor [KO:K03914]
100625610  GRM1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04603]
100520271  GRM2; metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04605]
100521916  GRM3; metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04606]
100152616  GRM4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 [KO:K04607]
102161751  GRM5; metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04604]
102162790  GRM6; metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04608]
100621119  GRM7; metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04609]
100524120  GRM8; metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 isoform X2 [KO:K04610]
100525342  AVPR1A; vasopressin V1a receptor [KO:K04226]
100517909  AVPR1B; vasopressin V1b receptor [KO:K04227]
397462  AVPR2; vasopressin V2 receptor [KO:K04228]
100512581  LPAR1; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 [KO:K04289]
100038015  LPAR2; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2 [KO:K04291]
100113360  LPAR3; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3 [KO:K04294]
100038017  LPAR4; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04275]
102161415  LPAR5; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5 [KO:K08390]
100738399  LPAR6; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6 [KO:K04273]
397126  PTGFR; prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor [KO:K04262]
100515345  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: C-X-C chemokine receptor type 2 [KO:K04175]
100124654  CXCR2; C-X-C chemokine receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05050]
100152679  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100157641  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100516581  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100525148  PLCB3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100525156  GNA12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 isoform X1 [KO:K04346]
100157507  PTK2B; protein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta isoform X7 [KO:K05871] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100522824  GNA13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 [KO:K04639]
396979  PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K21289] [EC:2.7.1.153]
396851  PIK3R5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 [KO:K21290]
100034246  PIK3R6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K21290]
100240721  CYTH2; cytohesin-2 [KO:K18441]
100240722  CYTH4; cytohesin-4 [KO:K18441]
100515446  CYTH1; cytohesin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K18441]
110259845  CYTH3; cytohesin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K18441]
100049657  GNAS; SCG6 (secretogranin VI) isoform SCG6 [KO:K04632]
100624934  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100517503  ADCY2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100514402  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100152067  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100155970  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100522613  ADCY6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 6 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100620994  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100622999  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100625423  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 isoform X1 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100620989  RAPGEF3; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08014]
100511786  RAPGEF4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4 [KO:K04351]
100153921  DNM1; dynamin-1 isoform X6 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
100622420  DNM3; dynamin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
100622538  DNM2; dynamin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K23484] [EC:3.6.5.5]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00416  Phosphatidate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00639  Prostaglandin F2alpha
C00681  1-Acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C04637  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
Reference
  Authors
Oude Weernink PA, Lopez de Jesus M, Schmidt M
  Title
Phospholipase D signaling: orchestration by PIP2 and small GTPases.
  Journal
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 374:399-411 (2007)
DOI:10.1007/s00210-007-0131-4
Reference
  Authors
Selvy PE, Lavieri RR, Lindsley CW, Brown HA
  Title
Phospholipase D: enzymology, functionality, and chemical modulation.
  Journal
Chem Rev 111:6064-119 (2011)
DOI:10.1021/cr200296t
Reference
  Authors
Brandenburg LO, Pufe T, Koch T
  Title
Role of phospholipase d in g-protein coupled receptor function.
  Journal
Membranes (Basel) 4:302-18 (2014)
DOI:10.3390/membranes4030302
Reference
  Authors
Oude Weernink PA, Han L, Jakobs KH, Schmidt M
  Title
Dynamic phospholipid signaling by G protein-coupled receptors.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1768:888-900 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.09.012
Reference
  Authors
Foster DA, Salloum D, Menon D, Frias MA
  Title
Phospholipase D and the maintenance of phosphatidic acid levels for regulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR).
  Journal
J Biol Chem 289:22583-8 (2014)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.R114.566091
Reference
  Authors
Jenkins GM, Frohman MA
  Title
Phospholipase D: a lipid centric review.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 62:2305-16 (2005)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-005-5195-z
Reference
  Authors
Metcalfe DD, Peavy RD, Gilfillan AM
  Title
Mechanisms of mast cell signaling in anaphylaxis.
  Journal
J Allergy Clin Immunol 124:639-46; quiz 647-8 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.jaci.2009.08.035
Reference
  Authors
Kalesnikoff J, Galli SJ
  Title
New developments in mast cell biology.
  Journal
Nat Immunol 9:1215-23 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/ni.f.216
Reference
  Authors
Cockcroft S, Way G, O'Luanaigh N, Pardo R, Sarri E, Fensome A
  Title
Signalling role for ARF and phospholipase D in mast cell exocytosis stimulated by crosslinking of the high affinity FcepsilonR1 receptor.
  Journal
Mol Immunol 38:1277-82 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0161-5890(02)00075-5
Reference
  Authors
Lee CS, Kim KL, Jang JH, Choi YS, Suh PG, Ryu SH
  Title
The roles of phospholipase D in EGFR signaling.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1791:862-8 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbalip.2009.04.007
Reference
  Authors
Lee CS, Kim IS, Park JB, Lee MN, Lee HY, Suh PG, Ryu SH
  Title
The phox homology domain of phospholipase D activates dynamin GTPase activity and accelerates EGFR endocytosis.
  Journal
Nat Cell Biol 8:477-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/ncb1401
Reference
  Authors
Kam Y, Exton JH
  Title
Role of phospholipase D1 in the regulation of mTOR activity by lysophosphatidic acid.
  Journal
FASEB J 18:311-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1096/fj.03-0731com
Reference
PMID:9310372
  Authors
Kozawa O, Blume-Jensen P, Heldin CH, Ronnstrand L
  Title
Involvement of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase in stem-cell-factor-induced phospholipase D activation and arachidonic acid release.
  Journal
Eur J Biochem 248:149-55 (1997)
DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00149.x
Reference
  Authors
Slaaby R, Du G, Altshuller YM, Frohman MA, Seedorf K
  Title
Insulin-induced phospholipase D1 and phospholipase D2 activity in human embryonic kidney-293 cells mediated by the phospholipase C gamma and protein kinase C alpha signalling cascade.
  Journal
Biochem J 351 Pt 3:613-9 (2000)
DOI:10.1042/bj3510613
Reference
  Authors
Fahimi-Vahid M, Gosau N, Michalek C, Han L, Jakobs KH, Schmidt M, Roberts N, Avkiran M, Wieland T
  Title
Distinct signaling pathways mediate cardiomyocyte phospholipase D stimulation by endothelin-1 and thrombin.
  Journal
J Mol Cell Cardiol 34:441-53 (2002)
DOI:10.1006/jmcc.2002.1525
Reference
  Authors
Freeman EJ
  Title
The Ang II-induced growth of vascular smooth muscle cells involves a phospholipase D-mediated signaling mechanism.
  Journal
Arch Biochem Biophys 374:363-70 (2000)
DOI:10.1006/abbi.1999.1608
Reference
PMID:9119890
  Authors
Naro F, Donchenko V, Minotti S, Zolla L, Molinaro M, Adamo S
  Title
Role of phospholipase C and D signalling pathways in vasopressin-dependent myogenic differentiation.
  Journal
Reference
  Authors
Murdoch C, Finn A
  Title
Chemokine receptors and their role in inflammation and infectious diseases.
  Journal
Blood 95:3032-43 (2000)
Reference
PMID:8135758
  Authors
Sugiyama T, Sakai T, Nozawa Y, Oka N
  Title
Prostaglandin F2 alpha-stimulated phospholipase D activation in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells: involvement in sustained 1,2-diacylglycerol production.
  Journal
Biochem J 298 ( Pt 2):479-84 (1994)
DOI:10.1042/bj2980479
Reference
  Authors
Foster DA
  Title
Regulation of mTOR by phosphatidic acid?
  Journal
Cancer Res 67:1-4 (2007)
DOI:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-3016
Reference
  Authors
Delon C, Manifava M, Wood E, Thompson D, Krugmann S, Pyne S, Ktistakis NT
  Title
Sphingosine kinase 1 is an intracellular effector of phosphatidic acid.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:44763-74 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M405771200
Reference
  Authors
Park JB, Lee CS, Jang JH, Ghim J, Kim YJ, You S, Hwang D, Suh PG, Ryu SH
  Title
Phospholipase signalling networks in cancer.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 12:782-92 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/nrc3379
Reference
  Authors
Foster DA
  Title
Phosphatidic acid signaling to mTOR: signals for the survival of human cancer cells.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1791:949-55 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbalip.2009.02.009
Related
pathway
ssc00561  Glycerolipid metabolism
ssc04010  MAPK signaling pathway
ssc04014  Ras signaling pathway
ssc04020  Calcium signaling pathway
ssc04024  cAMP signaling pathway
ssc04071  Sphingolipid signaling pathway
ssc04144  Endocytosis
ssc04150  mTOR signaling pathway
ssc04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
ssc04664  Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04072   
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