KEGG   PATHWAY: mlf05206
Entry
mlf05206                    Pathway                                
Name
MicroRNAs in cancer - Myotis lucifugus (little brown bat)
Description
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a cluster of small non-encoding RNA molecules of 21 - 23 nucleotides in length, which controls gene expression post-transcriptionally either via the degradation of target mRNAs or the inhibition of protein translation. Using high-throughput profiling, dysregulation of miRNAs has been widely observed in different stages of cancer. The upregulation (overexpression) of specific miRNAs could lead to the repression of tumor suppressor gene expression, and conversely the downregulation of specific miRNAs could result in an increase of oncogene expression; both these situations induce subsequent malignant effects on cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis that lead to tumor growth and progress. The miRNA signatures of cancer observed in various studies differ significantly. These inconsistencies occur due to the differences in the study populations and methodologies used. This pathway map shows the summarized results from various studies in 9 cancers, each of which is presented in a review article.
Class
Human Diseases; Cancer: overview
Pathway map
mlf05206  MicroRNAs in cancer
mlf05206

Organism
Myotis lucifugus (little brown bat) [GN:mlf]
Gene
102428304  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN isoform X1 [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
102429961  CDKN1B; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B [KO:K06624]
102431999  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
102430068  CDK6; cyclin-dependent kinase 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02091] [EC:2.7.11.22]
102425819  M-phase inducer phosphatase 1-like [KO:K06645] [EC:3.1.3.48]
102434301  M-phase inducer phosphatase 1-like [KO:K06645] [EC:3.1.3.48]
102439293  CDC25A; M-phase inducer phosphatase 1 [KO:K06645] [EC:3.1.3.48]
102439774  CDC25B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: M-phase inducer phosphatase 2 [KO:K05866] [EC:3.1.3.48]
102419273  CDC25C; M-phase inducer phosphatase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05867] [EC:3.1.3.48]
102441858  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 isoform X1 [KO:K04503]
102422703  CCND2; G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 [KO:K10151]
102431579  CCNE1; G1/S-specific cyclin-E1 [KO:K06626]
102429544  CCNE2; G1/S-specific cyclin-E2 isoform X1 [KO:K06626]
102440736  CRK; adapter molecule crk isoform X1 [KO:K04438]
102420269  CRKL; crk-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K04438]
102425449  HDAC5; histone deacetylase 5 isoform X2 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
102440332  HDAC4; histone deacetylase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
102430227  FOXP1; forkhead box protein P1 isoform X4 [KO:K23582]
102438580  PIM1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-1 [KO:K04702] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102441042  MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05099] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102441124  DNMT3A; DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A [KO:K17398] [EC:2.1.1.37]
102420011  DNMT3B; DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3B isoform X1 [KO:K17399] [EC:2.1.1.37]
102441536  MCL1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 [KO:K02539]
102417010  BCL2L2; bcl-2-like protein 2 [KO:K02163]
102435209  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102426433  VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform X1 [KO:K05448]
102432702  ZEB1; zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 isoform X1 [KO:K09299]
102431488  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K13376]
102424044  ezrin [KO:K08007]
102423465  PDCD4; programmed cell death protein 4 [KO:K16865]
102430864  EP300; histone acetyltransferase p300 isoform X2 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
102424403  CREBBP; CREB-binding protein isoform X4 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
102436891  TPM1; tropomyosin alpha-1 chain isoform X1 [KO:K10373]
102431341  SPRY2; protein sprouty homolog 2 [KO:K17383]
102432611  BCL2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
102417172  SERPINB5; serpin B5 [KO:K10139]
102430977  ST14; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: suppressor of tumorigenicity 14 protein [KO:K08670] [EC:3.4.21.109]
102417339  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome P450 1B1 [KO:K07410] [EC:1.14.14.1]
102434974  MTOR; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102430610  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR [KO:K07204]
102432347  1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) 24-hydroxylase, mitochondrial [KO:K07436] [EC:1.14.15.16]
102427788  ERBB2; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 [KO:K05083] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102438329  ERBB3; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-3 isoform X2 [KO:K05084] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102433845  ABL1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 [KO:K06619] [EC:2.7.10.2]
102423348  TP63; tumor protein 63 isoform X3 [KO:K10149]
102419790  ZEB2; zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 isoform X1 [KO:K23560]
102422877  RASSF1; ras association domain-containing protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K09850]
102443148  HOXD10; homeobox protein Hox-D10 [KO:K09295]
102428383  DDIT4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
102431168  BMF; bcl-2-modifying factor [KO:K17460]
102420569  PAK4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 [KO:K05734] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102417294  MMP9; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: matrix metalloproteinase-9 [KO:K01403] [EC:3.4.24.35]
102419158  SLC7A1; high affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K13863]
102429227  CCNG1; cyclin-G1 [KO:K10145]
102435645  HMOX1; heme oxygenase 1 [KO:K00510] [EC:1.14.14.18]
102430156  STMN1; stathmin [KO:K04381]
102422489  STAT3; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04692]
102426511  MYC; myc proto-oncogene protein [KO:K04377]
102438419  CASP3; caspase-3 isoform X3 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
102430744  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
102437761  DNMT1; DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
102438347  APC; adenomatous polyposis coli protein isoform X2 [KO:K02085]
102420488  APC2; adenomatous polyposis coli protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02085]
102442509  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
102427890  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
102441522  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta-like [KO:K02649]
102429230  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
102426106  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
102419324  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta-like [KO:K02649]
102437971  MAPK7; mitogen-activated protein kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04464] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102422649  PIK3CD; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102441064  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102433534  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102428626  HNRNPK; heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K isoform X1 [KO:K12886]
102422932  RECK; reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs isoform X1 [KO:K17461]
102422093  E2F3; transcription factor E2F3 isoform X1 [KO:K06620]
102429074  IRS2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
106695521  NOTCH1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 [KO:K02599]
102430236  NOTCH2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2 [KO:K20994]
102424223  NOTCH3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3 [KO:K20995]
102418261  BMI1; polycomb complex protein BMI-1 [KO:K11459]
102440636  MMP16; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: matrix metalloproteinase-16 [KO:K07996] [EC:3.4.24.-]
102440135  ATM; serine-protein kinase ATM isoform X1 [KO:K04728] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102441637  SOCS1; suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 [KO:K04694]
102441473  CD44; CD44 antigen [KO:K06256]
102428669  DICER1; endoribonuclease Dicer isoform X3 [KO:K11592] [EC:3.1.26.-]
102437539  FZD3; frizzled-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02329]
102438432  ITGA5; integrin alpha-5 isoform X1 [KO:K06484]
102430982  RDX; radixin isoform X1 [KO:K05762]
102422264  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
102430746  transforming protein RhoA-like isoform X1 [KO:K04513]
102436980  PLAU; urokinase-type plasminogen activator isoform X1 [KO:K01348] [EC:3.4.21.73]
102437326  BAK1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer [KO:K14021]
102437601  ZFPM2; zinc finger protein ZFPM2 [KO:K17442]
102421777  ITGB3; integrin beta-3 [KO:K06493]
102419798  UBE2I; SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9 isoform X2 [KO:K10577]
102442551  TNN; tenascin-N [KO:K06252]
102421464  TNR; tenascin-R [KO:K06252]
102424435  TNC; tenascin isoform X3 [KO:K06252]
102422812  ABCB1; multidrug resistance protein 1 [KO:K05658] [EC:7.6.2.2]
102430361  ABCC1; multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 [KO:K05665] [EC:7.6.2.3]
102434930  BRCA1; breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein isoform X1 [KO:K10605] [EC:2.3.2.27]
102439094  CDKN1A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 isoform X2 [KO:K06625]
102418395  EFNA5; ephrin-A5 isoform X1 [KO:K05462]
102436484  EFNA3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ephrin-A3 [KO:K05462]
102428621  EFNA1; ephrin-A1 [KO:K05462]
102436800  EFNA4; ephrin-A4 [KO:K05462]
102435571  ephrin-A2 [KO:K05462]
102441094  THBS1; thrombospondin-1 [KO:K16857]
102419537  IGF2BP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 [KO:K17391]
102432089  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 [KO:K17391]
102441498  TRIM71; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM71 [KO:K12035] [EC:2.3.2.27]
102435748  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
102417312  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X4 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
102423775  PTGS2; prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 [KO:K11987] [EC:1.14.99.1]
102417755  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102422236  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102438932  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X2 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102428240  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102419083  protein kinase C gamma type-like [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102421027  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04364]
102431961  RPS6KA5; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04445] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102431418  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform X2 [KO:K04451]
102416898  MDM2; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2 isoform X1 [KO:K06643] [EC:2.3.2.27]
102418784  MDM4; protein Mdm4 isoform X1 [KO:K10127]
102417415  PDGFRA; platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha isoform X2 [KO:K04363] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102421330  PLCG1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
102420000  PLCG2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2 isoform X2 [KO:K05859] [EC:3.1.4.11]
102434453  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102417411  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
102423748  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
102442926  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 [KO:K03099]
102437531  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
102430334  SHC1; SHC-transforming protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K06279]
102422469  PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A [KO:K04359]
102431548  SHC4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: SHC-transforming protein 4 [KO:K17449]
102426780  PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B isoform X1 [KO:K17386]
102441579  PDGFRB; platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta [KO:K05089] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102419422  cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A [KO:K06621]
102421766  E2F1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transcription factor E2F1 [KO:K17454]
102418995  E2F2; transcription factor E2F2 [KO:K09389]
102434866  BMPR2; bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04671] [EC:2.7.11.30]
102428494  HDAC1; histone deacetylase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06067] [EC:3.5.1.98]
102425617  HDAC2; histone deacetylase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06067] [EC:3.5.1.98]
102418971  EZH2; histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 isoform X4 [KO:K11430] [EC:2.1.1.356]
102428292  GLS2; glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform X3 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
102428641  GLS; glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
102421566  SIRT1; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 [KO:K11411] [EC:2.3.1.286]
102429304  WNT3; proto-oncogene Wnt-3 [KO:K00312]
102420401  CDCA5; sororin [KO:K17390]
102419225  ROCK1; rho-associated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04514] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102435274  PRKCE; protein kinase C epsilon type isoform X1 [KO:K18050] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102423601  SLC45A3; solute carrier family 45 member 3 [KO:K15379]
102440401  VIM; vimentin [KO:K07606]
Reference
PMID:18817506
  Authors
Lee YS, Dutta A
  Title
MicroRNAs in cancer.
  Journal
Annu Rev Pathol 4:199-227 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.pathol.4.110807.092222
Reference
PMID:21402473
  Authors
Babashah S, Soleimani M
  Title
The oncogenic and tumour suppressive roles of microRNAs in cancer and apoptosis.
  Journal
Eur J Cancer 47:1127-37 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.ejca.2011.02.008
Reference
PMID:19630570
  Authors
Garzon R, Calin GA, Croce CM
  Title
MicroRNAs in Cancer.
  Journal
Annu Rev Med 60:167-79 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.med.59.053006.104707
Reference
PMID:23075324
  Authors
Chen PS, Su JL, Hung MC
  Title
Dysregulation of microRNAs in cancer.
  Journal
J Biomed Sci 19:90 (2012)
DOI:10.1186/1423-0127-19-90
Reference
PMID:22035854
  Authors
Ling H, Zhang W, Calin GA
  Title
Principles of microRNA involvement in human cancers.
  Journal
Chin J Cancer 30:739-48 (2011)
DOI:10.5732/cjc.011.10243
Reference
PMID:22351564
  Authors
Iorio MV, Croce CM
  Title
MicroRNA dysregulation in cancer: diagnostics, monitoring and therapeutics. A comprehensive review.
  Journal
EMBO Mol Med 4:143-59 (2012)
DOI:10.1002/emmm.201100209
Reference
PMID:21742789
  Authors
Sayed D, Abdellatif M
  Title
MicroRNAs in development and disease.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 91:827-87 (2011)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00006.2010
Reference
PMID:22345301
  Authors
Wang Q, Wang S, Wang H, Li P, Ma Z
  Title
MicroRNAs: novel biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis, prediction and treatment.
  Journal
Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 237:227-35 (2012)
DOI:10.1258/ebm.2011.011192
Reference
PMID:22580099
  Authors
Song JH, Meltzer SJ
  Title
MicroRNAs in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of gastroesophageal cancers.
  Journal
Gastroenterology 143:35-47.e2 (2012)
DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2012.05.003
Reference
PMID:23462054
  Authors
Chu Y, Zhu H, Lv L, Zhou Y, Huo J
  Title
MiRNA s in oesophageal squamous cancer.
  Journal
Neth J Med 71:69-75 (2013)
Reference
PMID:19773200
  Authors
Kan T, Meltzer SJ
  Title
MicroRNAs in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.
  Journal
Curr Opin Pharmacol 9:727-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.coph.2009.08.009
Reference
PMID:20128019
  Authors
Smith CM, Watson DI, Michael MZ, Hussey DJ
  Title
MicroRNAs, development of Barrett's esophagus, and progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma.
  Journal
World J Gastroenterol 16:531-7 (2010)
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v16.i5.531
Reference
PMID:23165235
  Authors
Song S, Ajani JA
  Title
The role of microRNAs in cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
  Journal
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 10:109-18 (2013)
DOI:10.1038/nrgastro.2012.210
Reference
PMID:21565290
  Authors
Liu WH, Yeh SH, Chen PJ
  Title
Role of microRNAs in hepatitis B virus replication and pathogenesis.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1809:678-85 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2011.04.008
Reference
PMID:23091478
  Authors
Hrasovec S, Glavac D
  Title
MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer.
  Journal
Front Genet 3:180 (2012)
DOI:10.3389/fgene.2012.00180
Reference
PMID:22926415
  Authors
Liu H
  Title
MicroRNAs in breast cancer initiation and progression.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 69:3587-99 (2012)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-012-1128-9
Reference
PMID:20345848
  Authors
Li SD, Zhang JR, Wang YQ, Wan XP
  Title
The role of microRNAs in ovarian cancer initiation and progression.
  Journal
J Cell Mol Med 14:2240-9 (2010)
DOI:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01058.x
Reference
PMID:23316212
  Authors
Zabolotneva AA, Zhavoronkov A, Garazha AV, Roumiantsev SA, Buzdin AA
  Title
Characteristic patterns of microRNA expression in human bladder cancer.
  Journal
Front Genet 3:310 (2012)
DOI:10.3389/fgene.2012.00310
Reference
PMID:20221895
  Authors
Saini S, Majid S, Dahiya R
  Title
Diet, microRNAs and prostate cancer.
  Journal
Pharm Res 27:1014-26 (2010)
DOI:10.1007/s11095-010-0086-x
Related
pathway
mlf05210  Colorectal cancer
mlf05214  Glioma
mlf05215  Prostate cancer
mlf05219  Bladder cancer
mlf05222  Small cell lung cancer
mlf05223  Non-small cell lung cancer
KO pathway
ko05206   
LinkDB

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