KEGG   PATHWAY: hhip04140
Entry
hhip04140                   Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Atlantic halibut)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
hhip04140  Autophagy - animal
hhip04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Atlantic halibut) [GN:hhip]
Gene
117751809  [KO:K07925]
117751826  [KO:K07187]
117751926  dapk2a; death-associated protein kinase 2a [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117752039  si:ch73-335l21.1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin receptor substrate 1-B [KO:K16172]
117752082  gabarapa; GABA(A) receptor-associated protein a [KO:K08341]
117752210  pik3c3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
117752269  badb; BCL2 associated agonist of cell death b [KO:K02158]
117752374  becn1; beclin-1 [KO:K08334]
117752397  nrbf2b; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2b [KO:K21246]
117752448  ptenb; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
117752474  [KO:K17908]
117752523  plekhm1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 [KO:K23282]
117752542  mapk8b; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117752555  [KO:K08341]
117752589  wdr45b; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 [KO:K22991]
117752844  nbr1a; NBR1 autophagy cargo receptor a isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
117752863  calcoco2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21348]
117752883  mlst8; target of rapamycin complex subunit lst8 [KO:K08266]
117752906  ddit4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
117753331  lamp1a; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1a [KO:K06528]
117753368  pdpk1b; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117753761  si:ch211-260e23.9; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 [KO:K21247]
117753806  [KO:K26797]
117753853  sh3glb1a; endophilin-B1a [KO:K11248]
117754056  igf1rb; insulin-like growth factor 1b receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
117754134  vps41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog [KO:K20184]
117754467  traf6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
117754777  [KO:K04724]
117754811  zgc:101559; ras-related protein Rab-33B isoform X1 [KO:K07920]
117754890  rras2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 [KO:K07830]
117754920  si:ch73-116o1.2; ras-related protein M-Ras [KO:K07831]
117755194  tank; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator [KO:K12650]
117755348  irs2b; insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
117755368  lamp1b; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1b [KO:K06528]
117755379  [KO:K26797]
117755531  atg9a; autophagy-related protein 9A [KO:K17907]
117755590  [KO:K08268]
117755591  [KO:K08268]
117755641  akt1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117755740  atg14; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
117755754  eif2ak4; eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117755881  [KO:K17906]
117755991  [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
117756082  [KO:K17603]
117756101  [KO:K11248]
117756114  c9orf72; guanine nucleotide exchange C9orf72 homolog [KO:K23609]
117756372  eif2ak3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117756415  vps39; vam6/Vps39-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K20183]
117756532  ctsba; cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
117757160  prkcq; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein kinase C theta type [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
117757244  optn; optineurin [KO:K19946]
117758075  zfyve1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K17603]
117758096  vps18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181]
117758191  map3k7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
117758218  eif2s1b; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1b [KO:K03237]
117758411  [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
117758894  stx7l; syntaxin-7 [KO:K08488]
117759155  ctsd; cathepsin D isoform X1 [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
117759678  map2k2a; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2a [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
117759791  atg4c; cysteine protease ATG4C [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
117759863  uba52; ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
117759920  prkacba; protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, catalytic, beta a isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
117759932  atg4da; cysteine protease ATG4D [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
117760074  rubcn; run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein isoform X1 [KO:K19330]
117760130  pik3r3b; phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 3b (gamma) isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
117760293  atg4b; cysteine protease ATG4B isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
117760435  cts12; cathepsin L1 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
117760503  [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
117760625  [KO:K02649]
117760639  prkaa2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
117760668  [KO:K07901]
117760921  mtmr14; myotubularin-related protein 14 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
117761057  [KO:K07897]
117761090  si:dkeyp-97e7.9; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402]
117761095  [KO:K04570]
117761096  si:dkey-13a21.4; ras-related protein rab7 isoform X1 [KO:K07897]
117761290  rhebl1; ras homolog, mTORC1 binding like 1 [KO:K07208]
117761354  prkcda; protein kinase C, delta a [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
117761367  [KO:K07897]
117761655  atg7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 [KO:K08337]
117761880  [KO:K04958]
117762136  itpr1b; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
117762200  map1lc3a; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435]
117762638  ambra1b; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1b isoform X1 [KO:K17985]
117762987  kras; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
117763065  dapk2b; death-associated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117763104  map2k1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
117763151  map1lc3b; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
117763165  [KO:K07920]
117763573  [KO:K02833]
117763797  igf1ra; insulin-like growth factor 1a receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
117763863  gabarapl2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
117764087  akt3b; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117764442  mtor; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117764465  [KO:K07874]
117764692  pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
117764695  map1lc3c; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
117765043  [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117765073  bcl2l1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
117765330  raf1a; raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase a isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117765336  [KO:K21247]
117765696  prkacaa; protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, catalytic, alpha, genome duplicate a isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
117765755  [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
117765820  wipi1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
117765828  nbr1b; next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
117766226  smcr8a; guanine nucleotide exchange protein smcr8a [KO:K23611]
117766255  wipi2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
117766445  akt1s1; uncharacterized protein akt1s1 [KO:K16184]
117766568  napsa; napsin-A [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
117766590  [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
117766747  mapk3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117766775  zgc:55558; GTPase HRas [KO:K07827]
117767209  ykt6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 [KO:K08516]
117767218  epg5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23883]
117767372  [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
117767383  snap29; synaptosomal-associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
117767951  rptor; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204]
117767997  mapk1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117768032  vamp8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 [KO:K08512]
117768099  dapk1; death-associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117768105  ctsla; cathepsin La [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
117768107  wdfy3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22262]
117768171  ulk1a; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1a isoform X1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117768381  [KO:K02649]
117768386  [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
117768394  mtmr3; myotubularin-related protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
117768425  smcr8b; guanine nucleotide exchange protein smcr8b isoform X1 [KO:K23611]
117768487  tsc2; tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]
117768493  vps33a; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A [KO:K20182]
117768560  tsc1a; TSC complex subunit 1a isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
117769074  sqstm1; sequestosome-1 isoform X1 [KO:K14381]
117769171  lamp2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06528]
117769257  mapk9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117769264  insb; preproinsulin b [KO:K04526]
117769402  [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
117769618  atg2a; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
117769631  map1lc3cl; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
117769701  igbp1; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 [KO:K17606]
117769708  rab33ba; RAB33B, member RAS oncogene family a [KO:K07920]
117770225  tax1bp1a; tax1-binding protein 1 homolog A [KO:K21347]
117770348  rab42a; ras-related protein Rab-42a [KO:K07925]
117771126  si:dkey-240h12.4; death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117771255  pik3r1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha [KO:K02649]
117771361  wdr45; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 [KO:K22991]
117771462  si:ch73-234b20.5; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08512]
117771521  prkaa1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
117771635  ulk1b; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117771698  tsc1b; TSC complex subunit 1b isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
117771701  wdr41; WD repeat-containing protein 41 [KO:K23610]
117772073  [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
117772147  zgc:73226; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
117772227  mapk10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117772327  akt2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117772456  [KO:K20868]
117772457  atg16l1; autophagy-related protein 16-1 isoform X1 [KO:K17890]
117772582  vmp1; vacuole membrane protein 1 [KO:K21248]
117772610  si:ch211-11n16.2; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K17603]
117772697  rps6kb1b; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117772743  hmgb1b; high mobility group protein B1b [KO:K10802]
117772752  pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
117772815  vps16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180]
117773295  hif1al; hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha, like isoform X1 [KO:K08268]
117773314  atg13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
117773399  ulk2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 isoform X1 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117773880  [KO:K10802]
117773904  [KO:K07925]
117773934  atg101; autophagy-related protein 101 [KO:K19730]
117774023  ubb; polyubiquitin-B isoform X1 [KO:K08770]
117774049  [KO:K07187]
117774077  mtmr4; myotubularin-related protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
117774099  rps6kb1a; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117774102  [KO:K21248]
117774122  uvrag; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein [KO:K21249]
117774241  supt20; transcription factor SPT20 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21245]
117774459  ppp2cab; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
117774470  vps11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog [KO:K20179]
117774495  si:ch211-284e13.4; insulin receptor substrate 1-B [KO:K16172]
117774515  [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117774577  rraga; ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]
117774639  ins; insulin [KO:K04526]
117775038  rps27a; ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
117775068  [KO:K08270]
117775205  [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
117775231  akt3a; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117775287  birc6; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
117775381  bnip4; BCL2 interacting protein 4 [KO:K15464]
117775780  mapk8a; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117776217  atg3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 [KO:K08343]
117776342  tax1bp1b; tax1-binding protein 1 homolog B [KO:K21347]
117776579  pik3r4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117776843  zgc:92606; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
117777060  atg5; autophagy protein 5 [KO:K08339]
117777116  atg12; ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 [KO:K08336]
117777248  stx17; syntaxin-17 isoform X1 [KO:K08491]
117777355  deptor; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K20402]
117777424  rragca; ras-related GTP binding Ca [KO:K16186]
117777738  [KO:K07901]
117777791  atg10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 isoform X1 [KO:K17888]
117777997  pik3r2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
117778017  rb1cc1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
117778034  [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
117778040  atg9b; autophagy-related protein 9B [KO:K17907]
117778097  rheb; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
117778159  [KO:K02649]
117778177  stk11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117778459  bcl2b; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
117778654  [KO:K26797]
117778852  dapk3; death-associated protein kinase 3 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117778886  prkacbb; protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, catalytic, beta b isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
117778923  gorasp1a; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1a isoform X1 [KO:K26797]
117779152  rab1ba; zRAB1B, member RAS oncogene family a [KO:K07874]
117779227  zgc:158659; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
hhip04010  MAPK signaling pathway
hhip04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
hhip04142  Lysosome
hhip04150  mTOR signaling pathway
hhip04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   

DBGET integrated database retrieval system