Entry
Name
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway - Myotis lucifugus (little brown bat)
Description
Specific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting microbial pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-bound receptors identified as homologs of Toll in Drosophila. Mammalian TLRs are expressed on innate immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, and respond to the membrane components of Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. Pathogen recognition by TLRs provokes rapid activation of innate immunity by inducing production of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of costimulatory molecules. TLR signaling pathways are separated into two groups: a MyD88-dependent pathway that leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines with quick activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK, and a MyD88-independent pathway associated with the induction of IFN-beta and IFN-inducible genes, and maturation of dendritic cells with slow activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK.
Class
Organismal Systems; Immune system
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
mlf04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
Ortholog table
Organism
Myotis lucifugus (little brown bat) [GN:
mlf ]
Gene
102423528 LBP; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lipopolysaccharide-binding protein [KO:K05399 ]
102435667 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392 ]
102422649 PIK3CD; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
102441064 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
102433534 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
102427890 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K02649 ]
102441522 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta-like [KO:K02649 ]
102429230 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
102426106 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
102419324 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta-like [KO:K02649 ]
102425374 MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729 ]
102432819 TIRAP; toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein isoform X1 [KO:K05403 ]
102427825 TAB1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 [KO:K04403 ]
102439412 TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04404 ]
102435748 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
102441851 IKBKE; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon [KO:K07211 ] [EC:2.7.11.10 ]
102439545 CD40; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 [KO:K03160 ]
102417504 CD80; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80 isoform X1 [KO:K05412 ]
102436777 CD86; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform X1 [KO:K05413 ]
102419381 IFNAR2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: interferon alpha/beta receptor 2 [KO:K05131 ]
102424662 STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta isoform X1 [KO:K11220 ]
102430852 STAT2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11221 ]
Reference
Authors
Kawai T, Akira S.
Title
TLR signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
O'Neill LA, Bowie AG.
Title
The family of five: TIR-domain-containing adaptors in Toll-like receptor signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Honda K, Taniguchi T.
Title
IRFs: master regulators of signalling by Toll-like receptors and cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Uematsu S, Akira S.
Title
Toll-like receptors and Type I interferons.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Akira S, Uematsu S, Takeuchi O.
Title
Pathogen recognition and innate immunity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yamamoto M, Takeda K, Akira S.
Title
TIR domain-containing adaptors define the specificity of TLR signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Means TK, Hayashi F, Smith KD, Aderem A, Luster AD.
Title
The Toll-like receptor 5 stimulus bacterial flagellin induces maturation and chemokine production in human dendritic cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Aderem A, Smith KD.
Title
A systems approach to dissecting immunity and inflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Banerjee A, Gerondakis S.
Title
Coordinating TLR-activated signaling pathways in cells of the immune system.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Loniewski KJ, Patial S, Parameswaran N.
Title
Sensitivity of TLR4- and -7-induced NF kappa B1 p105-TPL2-ERK pathway to TNF-receptor-associated-factor-6 revealed by RNAi in mouse macrophages.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Arbibe L, Mira JP, Teusch N, Kline L, Guha M, Mackman N, Godowski PJ, Ulevitch RJ, Knaus UG.
Title
Toll-like receptor 2-mediated NF-kappa B activation requires a Rac1-dependent pathway.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Uematsu S, Akira S.
Title
Toll-like receptors and innate immunity.
Journal
Related pathway
mlf04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
mlf04610 Complement and coagulation cascades
KO pathway
LinkDB
All DBs