KEGG   PATHWAY: mmyo05161
Entry
mmyo05161                   Pathway                                
Name
Hepatitis B - Myotis myotis (greater mouse-eared bat)
Description
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped virus and contains a partially double-stranded relaxed circular DNA (RC-DNA) genome. After entry into hepatocytes, HBV RC-DNA is transported to the nucleus and converted into a covalently closed circular molecule cccDNA. The cccDNA is the template for transcription of all viral RNAs including the pregenomic RNA (pgRNA), encoding for 7 viral proteins: large, middle, and small envelope proteins (LHBs, MHBs, and SHBs) that form the surface antigen (HBsAg), the core antigen (HBcAg), the e antigen (HBeAg), the HBV polymerase, and the regulatory protein X (HBx). The pgRNA interacts with the viral polymerase protein to initiate the encapsidation into the core particles. Through endoplasmic reticulum, the core particles finish assembling with the envelope proteins and are released. HBV infection leads to a wide spectrum of liver diseases raging from chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. The mechanism of liver injury is still not clear. However, HBV proteins target host proteins, involved in a variety of functions, thus regulating transcription, cellular signaling cascades, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: viral
Pathway map
mmyo05161  Hepatitis B
mmyo05161

Organism
Myotis myotis (greater mouse-eared bat) [GN:mmyo]
Gene
118675506  HSPG2; basement membrane-specific heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein isoform X1 [KO:K06255]
118657388  SLC10A1; sodium/bile acid cotransporter [KO:K14341]
118674276  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13375]
118678846  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13376]
118658350  TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein [KO:K13377]
118667263  TGFBR1; TGF-beta receptor type-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
118668257  TGFBR2; TGF-beta receptor type-2 [KO:K04388] [EC:2.7.11.30]
118654312  SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X1 [KO:K23605]
118659964  CDKN1A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 [KO:K06625]
118657754  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118652068  mitogen-activated protein kinase 9-like [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118679322  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118670993  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118670599  MYC; myc proto-oncogene protein [KO:K04377]
118670048  EGR2; E3 SUMO-protein ligase EGR2 [KO:K12496]
118658291  EGR3; early growth response protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12497]
118651024  EP300; histone acetyltransferase p300 isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
118656434  CREB-binding protein isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
118673639  FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
118649040  DDB1; DNA damage-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10610]
118665064  DDB2; DNA damage-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10140]
118656004  MAP3K1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04416] [EC:2.7.11.25]
118669295  YWHAQ; 14-3-3 protein theta [KO:K16197]
118670689  YWHAZ; 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta [KO:K16197]
118663627  YWHAB; 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha isoform X1 [KO:K16197]
118672164  MAP2K4; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04430] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118677590  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
118668125  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
118675045  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
118675217  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
118656203  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
118657573  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
118678909  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118655031  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118674834  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118669852  CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
118650776  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
118653690  IKBKG; NF-kappa-B essential modulator isoform X1 [KO:K07210]
118677878  NFKBIA; NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha [KO:K04734]
118671867  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
118665292  RELA; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
118663534  MMP9; matrix metalloproteinase-9 [KO:K01403] [EC:3.4.24.35]
118663765  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
118665363  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
118669989  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04390]
118665178  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
118661495  CASP8; caspase-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
118661389  CASP10; caspase-10 [KO:K04400] [EC:3.4.22.63]
118652071  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist isoform X1 [KO:K04726]
118655437  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
118650180  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02084]
118666111  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
118679308  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
118654943  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
118677148  CASP9; caspase-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
118650210  CASP3; caspase-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
118664384  caspase-12-like isoform X1 [KO:K04741] [EC:3.4.22.-]
118671120  BIRC5; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 [KO:K08731]
118664013  baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5-like [KO:K08731]
118672084  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform X1 [KO:K04451]
118651324  CCNA1; cyclin-A1 isoform X1 [KO:K06627]
118658224  CCNA2; cyclin-A2 isoform X1 [KO:K06627]
118651193  CDK2; cyclin-dependent kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02206] [EC:2.7.11.22]
118653038  CCNE1; G1/S-specific cyclin-E1 [KO:K06626]
118670629  CCNE2; G1/S-specific cyclin-E2 isoform X1 [KO:K06626]
118651068  RB1; retinoblastoma-associated protein isoform X1 [KO:K06618]
118663841  E2F1; transcription factor E2F1 [KO:K17454]
118676426  E2F2; transcription factor E2F2 [KO:K09389]
118676306  E2F3; transcription factor E2F3 isoform X1 [KO:K06620]
118654072  ATP6AP1; V-type proton ATPase subunit S1 [KO:K03662]
118671569  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
118655815  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
118660957  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
118663810  NFATC1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04446]
118663102  NFATC2; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17332]
118674263  NFATC3; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 isoform X1 [KO:K17333]
118678581  NFATC4; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 [KO:K17334]
118679652  tumor necrosis factor-like isoform X1 [KO:K03156]
118675339  JAK1; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 isoform X1 [KO:K11217] [EC:2.7.10.2]
118667512  JAK2; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 isoform X1 [KO:K04447] [EC:2.7.10.2]
118658721  JAK3; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK3 isoform X1 [KO:K11218] [EC:2.7.10.2]
118658254  TYK2; non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2 isoform X1 [KO:K11219] [EC:2.7.10.2]
118671501  STAT3; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04692]
118661220  STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta isoform X1 [KO:K11220]
118651142  STAT2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11221]
118661772  STAT4; signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 isoform X1 [KO:K11222]
118671506  STAT5A; signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A isoform X1 [KO:K11223]
118671504  signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B isoform X1 [KO:K11224]
118650227  STAT6; signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 isoform X1 [KO:K11225]
118650915  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15041]
118659060  PTK2B; protein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta isoform X1 [KO:K05871] [EC:2.7.10.2]
118662917  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
118671153  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04364]
118669078  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
118654741  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
118648965  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
118649554  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
118672986  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
118676104  JUN; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
118662909  SMAD4; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 [KO:K04501]
118661230  ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450]
118661646  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
118673054  CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 [KO:K09048]
118666355  CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048]
118658839  CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
118667339  CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
118665089  CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048]
118649462  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
118666845  cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4-like [KO:K04374]
118666077  CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047]
118679616  ATF6B; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta [KO:K09049]
118670543  CXCL8; interleukin-8 [KO:K10030]
118671044  C-X-C motif chemokine 15-like [KO:K10030]
118663130  PCNA; proliferating cell nuclear antigen [KO:K04802]
118653778  ARAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118666337  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X1 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118668076  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118654213  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118657986  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118678650  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118656605  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118658230  FOS; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
118653890  ELK1; ETS domain-containing protein Elk-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04375]
118658736  TLR2; toll-like receptor 2 [KO:K10159]
118668344  MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 isoform X1 [KO:K04729]
118678493  toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein [KO:K05403]
118667106  TLR4; toll-like receptor 4 [KO:K10160]
118649743  IRAK4; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118654047  IRAK1; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04730] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118665127  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
118650066  TAB1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04403]
118659738  TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04404]
118659996  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
118666134  IL6; interleukin-6 [KO:K05405]
118662418  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3-like [KO:K04432] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118672023  MAP2K6; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04433] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118660246  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118660247  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118657384  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118659182  MAP2K7; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04431] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118655803  TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K05409]
118651795  TLR3; toll-like receptor 3 [KO:K05401]
118658886  TICAM1; TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 1 [KO:K05842]
118667402  DDX58; antiviral innate immune response receptor RIG-I isoform X1 [KO:K12646] [EC:5.6.2.6]
118661739  IFIH1; interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12647] [EC:5.6.2.6]
118663001  MAVS; mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein [KO:K12648]
118655021  TRAF3; TNF receptor-associated factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K03174]
118672786  IKBKE; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K07211] [EC:2.7.11.10]
118651925  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 isoform X1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
118658534  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX3X-like [KO:K11594] [EC:5.6.2.7]
118653322  DDX3X; ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX3X isoform X1 [KO:K11594] [EC:5.6.2.7]
118655420  IRF3; interferon regulatory factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05411]
118648972  IRF7; interferon regulatory factor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K09447]
118667586  interferon omega-1-like [KO:K05414]
118666805  IFNB1; interferon beta [KO:K05415]
118676057  IFNAR1; interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05130]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
Reference
PMID:30059722
  Authors
Caballero A, Tabernero D, Buti M, Rodriguez-Frias F
  Title
Hepatitis B virus: The challenge of an ancient virus with multiple faces and a remarkable replication strategy.
  Journal
Antiviral Res 158:34-44 (2018)
DOI:10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.07.019
Reference
PMID:22869468
  Authors
Walsh R, Locarnini S
  Title
Hepatitis B precore protein: pathogenic potential and therapeutic promise.
  Journal
Yonsei Med J 53:875-85 (2012)
DOI:10.3349/ymj.2012.53.5.875
Reference
PMID:26239691
  Authors
Liang TJ, Block TM, McMahon BJ, Ghany MG, Urban S, Guo JT, Locarnini S, Zoulim F, Chang KM, Lok AS
  Title
Present and future therapies of hepatitis B: From discovery to cure.
  Journal
Hepatology 62:1893-908 (2015)
DOI:10.1002/hep.28025
Reference
PMID:26776362
  Authors
Morikawa K, Suda G, Sakamoto N
  Title
Viral life cycle of hepatitis B virus: Host factors and druggable targets.
  Journal
Hepatol Res 46:871-7 (2016)
DOI:10.1111/hepr.12650
Reference
PMID:19201080
  Authors
Feitelson MA, Reis HM, Tufan NL, Sun B, Pan J, Lian Z
  Title
Putative roles of hepatitis B x antigen in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 286:69-79 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2008.12.010
Reference
PMID:19263472
  Authors
Murata M, Matsuzaki K, Yoshida K, Sekimoto G, Tahashi Y, Mori S, Uemura Y, Sakaida N, Fujisawa J, Seki T, Kobayashi K, Yokote K, Koike K, Okazaki K
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein shifts human hepatic transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling from tumor suppression to oncogenesis in early chronic hepatitis B.
  Journal
Hepatology 49:1203-17 (2009)
DOI:10.1002/hep.22765
Reference
PMID:15173177
  Authors
Yoo YG, Lee MO
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein induces expression of Fas ligand gene through enhancing transcriptional activity of early growth response factor.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:36242-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M401290200
Reference
PMID:16459163
  Authors
Zhang X, Zhang H, Ye L
  Title
Effects of hepatitis B virus X protein on the development of liver cancer.
  Journal
J Lab Clin Med 147:58-66 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.lab.2005.10.003
Reference
PMID:19854353
  Authors
Benhenda S, Cougot D, Buendia MA, Neuveut C
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein molecular functions and its role in virus life cycle and pathogenesis.
  Journal
Adv Cancer Res 103:75-109 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/S0065-230X(09)03004-8
Reference
PMID:21994562
  Authors
Benhenda S, Cougot D, Neuveut C, Buendia MA
  Title
Liver cell transformation in chronic HBV infection.
  Journal
Viruses 1:630-46 (2009)
DOI:10.3390/v1030630
Reference
PMID:11099494
  Authors
Diao J, Khine AA, Sarangi F, Hsu E, Iorio C, Tibbles LA, Woodgett JR, Penninger J, Richardson CD
  Title
X protein of hepatitis B virus inhibits Fas-mediated apoptosis and is associated with up-regulation of the SAPK/JNK pathway.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 276:8328-40 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M006026200
Reference
PMID:16891440
  Authors
Park NH, Song IH, Chung YH
  Title
Chronic hepatitis B in hepatocarcinogenesis.
  Journal
Postgrad Med J 82:507-15 (2006)
DOI:10.1136/pgmj.2006.047431
Reference
PMID:28820498
  Authors
Lin S, Zhang YJ
  Title
Interference of Apoptosis by Hepatitis B Virus.
  Journal
Viruses 9:E230 (2017)
DOI:10.3390/v9080230
Reference
PMID:16173017
  Authors
Zhang X, Dong N, Yin L, Cai N, Ma H, You J, Zhang H, Wang H, He R, Ye L
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein upregulates survivin expression in hepatoma tissues.
  Journal
J Med Virol 77:374-81 (2005)
DOI:10.1002/jmv.20466
Reference
PMID:18481805
  Authors
Kim HJ, Kim SY, Kim J, Lee H, Choi M, Kim JK, Ahn JK
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein induces apoptosis by enhancing translocation of Bax to mitochondria.
  Journal
IUBMB Life 60:473-80 (2008)
DOI:10.1002/iub.68
Reference
PMID:21647825
  Authors
Ng SA, Lee C
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X gene and hepatocarcinogenesis.
  Journal
J Gastroenterol 46:974-90 (2011)
DOI:10.1007/s00535-011-0415-9
Reference
PMID:9195957
  Authors
Cong YS, Yao YL, Yang WM, Kuzhandaivelu N, Seto E
  Title
The hepatitis B virus X-associated protein, XAP3, is a protein kinase C-binding protein.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 272:16482-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.272.26.16482
Reference
PMID:12686421
  Authors
Panteva M, Korkaya H, Jameel S
  Title
Hepatitis viruses and the MAPK pathway: is this a survival strategy?
  Journal
Virus Res 92:131-40 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0168-1702(02)00356-8
Reference
PMID:9738022
  Authors
Lee YH, Yun Y
  Title
HBx protein of hepatitis B virus activates Jak1-STAT signaling.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:25510-5 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.39.25510
Reference
PMID:18251977
  Authors
Tan A, Yeh SH, Liu CJ, Cheung C, Chen PJ
  Title
Viral hepatocarcinogenesis: from infection to cancer.
  Journal
Liver Int 28:175-88 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2007.01652.x
Reference
PMID:17059849
  Authors
Chami M, Oules B, Paterlini-Brechot P
  Title
Cytobiological consequences of calcium-signaling alterations induced by human viral proteins.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1763:1344-62 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2006.09.025
Reference
PMID:11743185
  Authors
Ganem D
  Title
Virology. The X files--one step closer to closure.
  Journal
Science 294:2299-300 (2001)
DOI:10.1126/science.1067850
Reference
PMID:15132991
  Authors
Chung TW, Lee YC, Kim CH
  Title
Hepatitis B viral HBx induces matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene expression through activation of ERK and PI-3K/AKT pathways: involvement of invasive potential.
  Journal
FASEB J 18:1123-5 (2004)
DOI:10.1096/fj.03-1429fje
Reference
PMID:18605975
  Authors
Gurtsevitch VE
  Title
Human oncogenic viruses: hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses and their role in hepatocarcinogenesis.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 73:504-13 (2008)
DOI:10.1134/S0006297908050039
Reference
PMID:21994545
  Authors
Schadler S, Hildt E
  Title
HBV life cycle: entry and morphogenesis.
  Journal
Viruses 1:185-209 (2009)
DOI:10.3390/v1020185
Reference
PMID:28862649
  Authors
Ortega-Prieto AM, Dorner M
  Title
Immune Evasion Strategies during Chronic Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection.
  Journal
Vaccines (Basel) 5:E24 (2017)
DOI:10.3390/vaccines5030024
Reference
PMID:28704708
  Authors
Nosratabadi R, Alavian SM, Zare-Bidaki M, Shahrokhi VM, Arababadi MK
  Title
Innate immunity related pathogen recognition receptors and chronic hepatitis B infection.
  Journal
Mol Immunol 90:64-73 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2017.07.002
Reference
PMID:24530748
  Authors
Bagheri V, Askari A, Arababadi MK, Kennedy D
  Title
Can Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 2 be considered as a new target for immunotherapy against hepatitis B infection?
  Journal
Hum Immunol 75:549-54 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.humimm.2014.02.018
Reference
PMID:25550115
  Authors
Zhang E, Lu M
  Title
Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated innate immune responses in the control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
  Journal
Med Microbiol Immunol 204:11-20 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00430-014-0370-1
Reference
PMID:20375222
  Authors
Yu S, Chen J, Wu M, Chen H, Kato N, Yuan Z
  Title
Hepatitis B virus polymerase inhibits RIG-I- and Toll-like receptor 3-mediated beta interferon induction in human hepatocytes through interference with interferon regulatory factor 3 activation and dampening of the interaction between TBK1/IKKepsilon and DDX3.
  Journal
J Gen Virol 91:2080-90 (2010)
DOI:10.1099/vir.0.020552-0
Reference
PMID:23363957
  Authors
Revill P, Yuan Z
  Title
New insights into how HBV manipulates the innate immune response to establish acute and persistent infection.
  Journal
Antivir Ther 18:1-15 (2013)
DOI:10.3851/IMP2542
Reference
PMID:28893934
  Authors
Hopcraft SE, Damania B
  Title
Tumour viruses and innate immunity.
  Journal
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 372:20160267 (2017)
DOI:10.1098/rstb.2016.0267
Reference
PMID:22504921
  Authors
Dandri M, Locarnini S
  Title
New insight in the pathobiology of hepatitis B virus infection.
  Journal
Gut 61 Suppl 1:i6-17 (2012)
DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302056
Related
pathway
mmyo04010  MAPK signaling pathway
mmyo04064  NF-kappa B signaling pathway
mmyo04110  Cell cycle
mmyo04115  p53 signaling pathway
mmyo04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
mmyo04210  Apoptosis
mmyo04620  Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
mmyo04622  RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway
mmyo04630  JAK-STAT signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05161   
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