Entry
Name
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection - Miniopterus natalensis (Natal long-fingered bat)
Description
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), is the most recently identified human tumor virus, and is associated with the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and Multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD). Like all other herpesviruses, KSHV displays two modes of life cycle, latency and lytic replication, which are characterized by the patterns of viral gene expression. Genes expressed in latency (LANA, v-cyclin, v-FLIP, Kaposins A, B and C and viral miRNAs) are mainly thought to facilitate the establishment of life long latency in its host and survival against the host innate, and adaptive immune surveillance mechanisms. Among the viral proteins shown to be expressed during lytic replication are potent signaling molecules such as vGPCR, vIL6, vIRFs, vCCLs, K1 and K15, which have been implicated experimentally in the angiogenic and inflammatory phenotype observed in KS lesions. Several of these latent viral and lytic proteins are known to transform host cells, linking KSHV with the development of severe human malignancies.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: viral
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
mna05167 Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection
Ortholog table
Organism
Miniopterus natalensis (Natal long-fingered bat) [GN:
mna ]
Gene
107540521 STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta isoform X1 [KO:K11220 ]
107546189 STAT2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 [KO:K11221 ]
107541819 EIF2AK2; interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K16195 ] [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
107525060 CSF2; granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [KO:K05427 ]
107543257 FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390 ]
107537702 BID; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: BH3-interacting domain death agonist [KO:K04726 ]
107544039 TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158 ]
107537536 TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein [KO:K03171 ]
107545508 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
107538488 patr class I histocompatibility antigen, A-2 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
107538961 saoe class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
107525813 saoe class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
107546126 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: BOLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain BL3-6-like [KO:K06751 ]
107546127 class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-C*0101/C*0102 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
107528441 H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, Q10 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
107525892 ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889 ]
107525472 MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435 ]
107537212 MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435 ]
107540160 GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536 ]
107540939 GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537 ]
107544078 GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825 ]
107541113 GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538 ]
107546541 GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539 ]
107525867 GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826 ]
107543109 GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540 ]
107527185 GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541 ]
107543194 GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542 ]
107534609 GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543 ]
107536795 GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544 ]
107541861 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545 ]
107537622 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10-like [KO:K04545 ]
107541673 GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546 ]
107541527 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7-like [KO:K04347 ]
107533406 GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
107533363 GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547 ]
107541750 GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548 ]
107539173 GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549 ]
107530834 PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K21289 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
107544506 PIK3R6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 [KO:K21290 ]
107544531 PIK3R5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 [KO:K21290 ]
107532628 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
107538463 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
107541106 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
107526728 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
107529317 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
107535325 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
107525230 PREX1; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 protein [KO:K12365 ]
107537599 RAC1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 [KO:K04392 ]
107545505 PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
107545813 PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
107536108 PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
107541561 NFATC1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K04446 ]
107538236 NFATC2; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17332 ]
107527885 NFATC3; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 isoform X1 [KO:K17333 ]
107531741 NFATC4; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 [KO:K17334 ]
107536886 VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform X1 [KO:K05448 ]
107527134 IL6ST; interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K05060 ]
107528938 STAT3; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04692 ]
107524712 CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870 ]
Compound
C00350 Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Lee HR, Brulois K, Wong L, Jung JU
Title
Modulation of Immune System by Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus: Lessons from Viral Evasion Strategies.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Liang C, Lee JS, Jung JU
Title
Immune evasion in Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus associated oncogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cai Q, Verma SC, Lu J, Robertson ES
Title
Molecular biology of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and related oncogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Rezaee SA, Cunningham C, Davison AJ, Blackbourn DJ
Title
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus immune modulation: an overview.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Areste C, Blackbourn DJ
Title
Modulation of the immune system by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Mark L, Spiller OB, Villoutreix BO, Blom AM
Title
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus complement control protein: KCP--complement inhibition and more.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Weber KS, Grone HJ, Rocken M, Klier C, Gu S, Wank R, Proudfoot AE, Nelson PJ, Weber C
Title
Selective recruitment of Th2-type cells and evasion from a cytotoxic immune response mediated by viral macrophage inhibitory protein-II.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Stine JT, Wood C, Hill M, Epp A, Raport CJ, Schweickart VL, Endo Y, Sasaki T, Simmons G, Boshoff C, Clapham P, Chang Y, Moore P, Gray PW, Chantry D
Title
KSHV-encoded CC chemokine vMIP-III is a CCR4 agonist, stimulates angiogenesis, and selectively chemoattracts TH2 cells.
Journal
Blood 95:1151-7 (2000)
Reference
Authors
Schulz TF, Cesarman E
Title
Kaposi Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus: mechanisms of oncogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Endres MJ, Garlisi CG, Xiao H, Shan L, Hedrick JA
Title
The Kaposi's sarcoma-related herpesvirus (KSHV)-encoded chemokine vMIP-I is a specific agonist for the CC chemokine receptor (CCR)8.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Choi YB, Nicholas J
Title
Autocrine and paracrine promotion of cell survival and virus replication by human herpesvirus 8 chemokines.
Journal
Reference
Authors
McCormick C, Ganem D
Title
The kaposin B protein of KSHV activates the p38/MK2 pathway and stabilizes cytokine mRNAs.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wang HW, Boshoff C
Title
Linking Kaposi virus to cancer-associated cytokines.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jarviluoma A, Ojala PM
Title
Cell signaling pathways engaged by KSHV.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wang HW, Sharp TV, Koumi A, Koentges G, Boshoff C
Title
Characterization of an anti-apoptotic glycoprotein encoded by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus which resembles a spliced variant of human survivin.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Djerbi M, Screpanti V, Catrina AI, Bogen B, Biberfeld P, Grandien A
Title
The inhibitor of death receptor signaling, FLICE-inhibitory protein defines a new class of tumor progression factors.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chaudhary PM, Jasmin A, Eby MT, Hood L
Title
Modulation of the NF-kappa B pathway by virally encoded death effector domains-containing proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Field N, Low W, Daniels M, Howell S, Daviet L, Boshoff C, Collins M
Title
KSHV vFLIP binds to IKK-gamma to activate IKK.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Mesri EA, Cesarman E, Boshoff C
Title
Kaposi's sarcoma and its associated herpesvirus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ishido S, Wang C, Lee BS, Cohen GB, Jung JU
Title
Downregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K3 and K5 proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Li Q, Means R, Lang S, Jung JU
Title
Downregulation of gamma interferon receptor 1 by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K3 and K5.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Thomas M, Boname JM, Field S, Nejentsev S, Salio M, Cerundolo V, Wills M, Lehner PJ
Title
Down-regulation of NKG2D and NKp80 ligands by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K5 protects against NK cell cytotoxicity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Coscoy L, Ganem D
Title
A viral protein that selectively downregulates ICAM-1 and B7-2 and modulates T cell costimulation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pratt ZL, Sugden B
Title
How human tumor viruses make use of autophagy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Schulz TF, Moore PS
Title
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus: a new human tumor virus, but how?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Moore PS, Chang Y
Title
Antiviral activity of tumor-suppressor pathways: clues from molecular piracy by KSHV.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Verma SC, Robertson ES
Title
Molecular biology and pathogenesis of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jenner RG, Boshoff C
Title
The molecular pathology of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Foster-Cuevas M, Wright GJ, Puklavec MJ, Brown MH, Barclay AN
Title
Human herpesvirus 8 K14 protein mimics CD200 in down-regulating macrophage activation through CD200 receptor.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sodhi A, Montaner S, Patel V, Zohar M, Bais C, Mesri EA, Gutkind JS
Title
The Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus G protein-coupled receptor up-regulates vascular endothelial growth factor expression and secretion through mitogen-activated protein kinase and p38 pathways acting on hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha.
Journal
Cancer Res 60:4873-80 (2000)
Reference
Authors
Abere B, Schulz TF
Title
KSHV non-structural membrane proteins involved in the activation of intracellular signaling pathways and the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sodhi A, Montaner S, Gutkind JS
Title
Viral hijacking of G-protein-coupled-receptor signalling networks.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Montaner S
Title
Akt/TSC/mTOR activation by the KSHV G protein-coupled receptor: emerging insights into the molecular oncogenesis and treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bala K, Bosco R, Gramolelli S, Haas DA, Kati S, Pietrek M, Havemeier A, Yakushko Y, Singh VV, Dittrich-Breiholz O, Kracht M, Schulz TF
Title
Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus K15 protein contributes to virus-induced angiogenesis by recruiting PLCgamma1 and activating NFAT1-dependent RCAN1 expression.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lagunoff M, Majeti R, Weiss A, Ganem D
Title
Deregulated signal transduction by the K1 gene product of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sousa-Squiavinato AC, Silvestre RN, Elgui De Oliveira D
Title
Biology and oncogenicity of the Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus K1 protein.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Havemeier A, Gramolelli S, Pietrek M, Jochmann R, Sturzl M, Schulz TF
Title
Activation of NF-kappaB by the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K15 protein involves recruitment of the NF-kappaB-inducing kinase, IkappaB kinases, and phosphorylation of p65.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Brinkmann MM, Pietrek M, Dittrich-Breiholz O, Kracht M, Schulz TF
Title
Modulation of host gene expression by the K15 protein of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wang L, Dittmer DP, Tomlinson CC, Fakhari FD, Damania B
Title
Immortalization of primary endothelial cells by the K1 protein of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Morris VA, Punjabi AS, Wells RC, Wittkopp CJ, Vart R, Lagunoff M
Title
The KSHV viral IL-6 homolog is sufficient to induce blood to lymphatic endothelial cell differentiation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Purushothaman P, Uppal T, Verma SC
Title
Molecular biology of KSHV lytic reactivation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Fujimuro M, Hayward SD
Title
Manipulation of glycogen-synthase kinase-3 activity in KSHV-associated cancers.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Purushothaman P, Dabral P, Gupta N, Sarkar R, Verma SC
Title
KSHV Genome Replication and Maintenance.
Journal
Related pathway
mna04610 Complement and coagulation cascades
mna04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
mna04650 Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
KO pathway
LinkDB
All DBs