Entry Name Hepatitis B - Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis (Yangtze finless porpoise)
Description Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped virus and contains a partially double-stranded relaxed circular DNA (RC-DNA) genome. After entry into hepatocytes, HBV RC-DNA is transported to the nucleus and converted into a covalently closed circular molecule cccDNA. The cccDNA is the template for transcription of all viral RNAs including the pregenomic RNA (pgRNA), encoding for 7 viral proteins: large, middle, and small envelope proteins (LHBs, MHBs, and SHBs) that form the surface antigen (HBsAg), the core antigen (HBcAg), the e antigen (HBeAg), the HBV polymerase, and the regulatory protein X (HBx). The pgRNA interacts with the viral polymerase protein to initiate the encapsidation into the core particles. Through endoplasmic reticulum, the core particles finish assembling with the envelope proteins and are released. HBV infection leads to a wide spectrum of liver diseases raging from chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. The mechanism of liver injury is still not clear. However, HBV proteins target host proteins, involved in a variety of functions, thus regulating transcription, cellular signaling cascades, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
Class Human Diseases; Infectious disease: viralBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Ortholog table Organism Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis (Yangtze finless porpoise) [GN:
nasi ]
Gene 112414377 HSPG2; basement membrane-specific heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein [KO:K06255 ]
112393136 SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X1 [KO:K23605 ]
112391613 FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
112402798 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
112403325 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
112406349 PIK3CA; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
112404930 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
112400438 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
112414874 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
112393728 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
112399577 FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04390 ]
112409026 APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02084 ]
112404902 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5-like [KO:K08731 ]
112406136 NFATC1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K04446 ]
112403017 NFATC2; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17332 ]
112392227 NFATC3; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 isoform X1 [KO:K17333 ]
112405045 NFATC4; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 isoform X1 [KO:K17334 ]
112399936 STAT3; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04692 ]
112392137 STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta [KO:K11220 ]
112394097 STAT2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11221 ]
112392136 STAT4; signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 isoform X1 [KO:K11222 ]
112399148 STAT5A; signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A [KO:K11223 ]
112394079 STAT6; signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 isoform X1 [KO:K11225 ]
112413211 VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 [KO:K15041 ]
112391027 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3-like [KO:K15041 ]
112407459 SMAD4; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04501 ]
112391502 ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450 ]
112395221 CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870 ]
112402296 CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048 ]
112397455 CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048 ]
112411704 CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 [KO:K09048 ]
112400124 CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 [KO:K09048 ]
112401787 CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
112394733 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
112406282 CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 [KO:K09047 ]
112395436 ATF6B; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta [KO:K09049 ]
112412540 PCNA; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: proliferating cell nuclear antigen [KO:K04802 ]
112407416 MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729 ]
112396829 TIRAP; toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein [KO:K05403 ]
112410769 TAB1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04403 ]
112401606 TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 [KO:K04404 ]
112398436 MAVS; mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein isoform X1 [KO:K12648 ]
Compound Reference Authors Caballero A, Tabernero D, Buti M, Rodriguez-Frias F
Title Hepatitis B virus: The challenge of an ancient virus with multiple faces and a remarkable replication strategy.
Journal Reference Authors Walsh R, Locarnini S
Title Hepatitis B precore protein: pathogenic potential and therapeutic promise.
Journal Reference Authors Liang TJ, Block TM, McMahon BJ, Ghany MG, Urban S, Guo JT, Locarnini S, Zoulim F, Chang KM, Lok AS
Title Present and future therapies of hepatitis B: From discovery to cure.
Journal Reference Authors Morikawa K, Suda G, Sakamoto N
Title Viral life cycle of hepatitis B virus: Host factors and druggable targets.
Journal Reference Authors Feitelson MA, Reis HM, Tufan NL, Sun B, Pan J, Lian Z
Title Putative roles of hepatitis B x antigen in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease.
Journal Reference Authors Murata M, Matsuzaki K, Yoshida K, Sekimoto G, Tahashi Y, Mori S, Uemura Y, Sakaida N, Fujisawa J, Seki T, Kobayashi K, Yokote K, Koike K, Okazaki K
Title Hepatitis B virus X protein shifts human hepatic transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling from tumor suppression to oncogenesis in early chronic hepatitis B.
Journal Reference Authors Yoo YG, Lee MO
Title Hepatitis B virus X protein induces expression of Fas ligand gene through enhancing transcriptional activity of early growth response factor.
Journal Reference Authors Zhang X, Zhang H, Ye L
Title Effects of hepatitis B virus X protein on the development of liver cancer.
Journal Reference Authors Benhenda S, Cougot D, Buendia MA, Neuveut C
Title Hepatitis B virus X protein molecular functions and its role in virus life cycle and pathogenesis.
Journal Reference Authors Benhenda S, Cougot D, Neuveut C, Buendia MA
Title Liver cell transformation in chronic HBV infection.
Journal Reference Authors Diao J, Khine AA, Sarangi F, Hsu E, Iorio C, Tibbles LA, Woodgett JR, Penninger J, Richardson CD
Title X protein of hepatitis B virus inhibits Fas-mediated apoptosis and is associated with up-regulation of the SAPK/JNK pathway.
Journal Reference Authors Park NH, Song IH, Chung YH
Title Chronic hepatitis B in hepatocarcinogenesis.
Journal Reference Authors Lin S, Zhang YJ
Title Interference of Apoptosis by Hepatitis B Virus.
Journal Reference Authors Zhang X, Dong N, Yin L, Cai N, Ma H, You J, Zhang H, Wang H, He R, Ye L
Title Hepatitis B virus X protein upregulates survivin expression in hepatoma tissues.
Journal Reference Authors Kim HJ, Kim SY, Kim J, Lee H, Choi M, Kim JK, Ahn JK
Title Hepatitis B virus X protein induces apoptosis by enhancing translocation of Bax to mitochondria.
Journal Reference Authors Ng SA, Lee C
Title Hepatitis B virus X gene and hepatocarcinogenesis.
Journal Reference Authors Cong YS, Yao YL, Yang WM, Kuzhandaivelu N, Seto E
Title The hepatitis B virus X-associated protein, XAP3, is a protein kinase C-binding protein.
Journal Reference Authors Panteva M, Korkaya H, Jameel S
Title Hepatitis viruses and the MAPK pathway: is this a survival strategy?
Journal Reference Authors Lee YH, Yun Y
Title HBx protein of hepatitis B virus activates Jak1-STAT signaling.
Journal Reference Authors Tan A, Yeh SH, Liu CJ, Cheung C, Chen PJ
Title Viral hepatocarcinogenesis: from infection to cancer.
Journal Reference Authors Chami M, Oules B, Paterlini-Brechot P
Title Cytobiological consequences of calcium-signaling alterations induced by human viral proteins.
Journal Reference Authors Ganem D
Title Virology. The X files--one step closer to closure.
Journal Reference Authors Chung TW, Lee YC, Kim CH
Title Hepatitis B viral HBx induces matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene expression through activation of ERK and PI-3K/AKT pathways: involvement of invasive potential.
Journal Reference Authors Gurtsevitch VE
Title Human oncogenic viruses: hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses and their role in hepatocarcinogenesis.
Journal Reference Authors Schadler S, Hildt E
Title HBV life cycle: entry and morphogenesis.
Journal Reference Authors Ortega-Prieto AM, Dorner M
Title Immune Evasion Strategies during Chronic Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection.
Journal Reference Authors Nosratabadi R, Alavian SM, Zare-Bidaki M, Shahrokhi VM, Arababadi MK
Title Innate immunity related pathogen recognition receptors and chronic hepatitis B infection.
Journal Reference Authors Bagheri V, Askari A, Arababadi MK, Kennedy D
Title Can Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 2 be considered as a new target for immunotherapy against hepatitis B infection?
Journal Reference Authors Zhang E, Lu M
Title Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated innate immune responses in the control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
Journal Reference Authors Yu S, Chen J, Wu M, Chen H, Kato N, Yuan Z
Title Hepatitis B virus polymerase inhibits RIG-I- and Toll-like receptor 3-mediated beta interferon induction in human hepatocytes through interference with interferon regulatory factor 3 activation and dampening of the interaction between TBK1/IKKepsilon and DDX3.
Journal Reference Authors Revill P, Yuan Z
Title New insights into how HBV manipulates the innate immune response to establish acute and persistent infection.
Journal Reference Authors Hopcraft SE, Damania B
Title Tumour viruses and innate immunity.
Journal Reference Authors Dandri M, Locarnini S
Title New insight in the pathobiology of hepatitis B virus infection.
Journal Related nasi04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
nasi04622 RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway LinkDB All DBs
