KEGG   PATHWAY: rfq04072
Entry
rfq04072                    Pathway                                
Name
Phospholipase D signaling pathway - Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (greater horseshoe bat)
Description
Phospholipase D (PLD) is an essential enzyme responsible for the production of the lipid second messenger phosphatidic acid (PA), which is involved in fundamental cellular processes, including membrane trafficking, actin cytoskeleton remodeling, cell proliferation and cell survival. PLD activity can be stimulated by a large number of cell surface receptors and is elaborately regulated by intracellular factors, including protein kinase C isoforms, small GTPases of the ARF, Rho and Ras families and the phosphoinositide, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). The PLD-produced PA activates signaling proteins and acts as a node within the membrane to which signaling proteins translocate. Several signaling proteins, including Raf-1 and mTOR, directly bind PA to mediate translocation or activation, respectively.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
Pathway map
rfq04072  Phospholipase D signaling pathway
rfq04072

Organism
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (greater horseshoe bat) [GN:rfq]
Gene
117021897  EGF; pro-epidermal growth factor isoform X1 [KO:K04357]
117016876  PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X1 [KO:K04359]
117029043  PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B [KO:K17386]
117031167  PDGFD; platelet-derived growth factor D isoform X1 [KO:K05450]
117038535  PDGFC; platelet-derived growth factor C [KO:K05450]
117029147  KITLG; kit ligand isoform X1 [KO:K05461]
117030020  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
117012187  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
117022011  PDGFRA; platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04363] [EC:2.7.10.1]
117016666  PDGFRB; platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta isoform X1 [KO:K05089] [EC:2.7.10.1]
117022389  KIT; mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit isoform X1 [KO:K05091] [EC:2.7.10.1]
117037841  INSR; insulin receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
117013296  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
117037725  GAB1; GRB2-associated-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K09593]
117030648  GAB2; GRB2-associated-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08091]
117014851  SHC1; SHC-transforming protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06279]
117037962  SHC2; SHC-transforming protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17447]
117031898  SHC3; SHC-transforming protein 3 [KO:K17448]
117023566  SHC4; SHC-transforming protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K17449]
117017450  PTPN11; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11 isoform X1 [KO:K07293] [EC:3.1.3.48]
117026506  tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11-like [KO:K07293] [EC:3.1.3.48]
117032869  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
117022939  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
117013636  GTPase HRas-like [KO:K02833]
117029835  HRAS; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
117028978  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
117014672  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
117036845  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras [KO:K07831]
117034458  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras [KO:K07829]
117030046  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
117032148  RALGDS; ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator isoform X1 [KO:K08732]
117012416  RALA; ras-related protein Ral-A [KO:K07834]
117026093  RALB; ras-related protein Ral-B [KO:K07835]
117027443  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
117035064  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
117037029  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
117027160  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
117024531  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
117038261  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
117018458  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117035083  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117023560  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117031806  TSC1; hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
117019487  TSC2; tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]
117018188  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
117026614  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117036663  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
117031209  ADP-ribosylation factor 1-like [KO:K07937]
117023630  ARF6; ADP-ribosylation factor 6 [KO:K07941]
117015909  PLCG1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
117034806  PLCG2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2 [KO:K05859] [EC:3.1.4.11]
117024085  uncharacterized protein LOC117024085 [KO:K06856]
117014920  FCER1A; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit alpha [KO:K08089]
117029866  MS4A2; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit beta [KO:K08090]
117014334  FCER1G; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma [KO:K07983]
117020052  FYN; tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn isoform X1 [KO:K05703] [EC:2.7.10.2]
117031968  SYK; tyrosine-protein kinase SYK [KO:K05855] [EC:2.7.10.2]
117012818  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
117034828  PLD1; phospholipase D1 isoform X1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
117013723  PLD2; phospholipase D2 isoform X1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
117014282  PLA2G4A; cytosolic phospholipase A2 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
117022803  PLA2G4F; cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
117022823  PLA2G4E; cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
117023696  PLA2G4D; cytosolic phospholipase A2 delta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
117016979  AGPAT1; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase alpha isoform X1 [KO:K13509] [EC:2.3.1.51]
117031842  AGPAT2; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase beta isoform X1 [KO:K13509] [EC:2.3.1.51]
117020888  AGPAT4; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase delta [KO:K13523] [EC:2.3.1.51 2.3.1.-]
117035702  AGPAT3; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gamma isoform X1 [KO:K13523] [EC:2.3.1.51 2.3.1.-]
117021404  AGPAT5; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase epsilon [KO:K19007] [EC:2.3.1.51]
117013008  SPHK1; sphingosine kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
117035218  SPHK2; sphingosine kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
117037259  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117022968  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
117037633  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
117017296  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117014351  PIP5K1A; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 alpha isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
117037649  PIP5K1C; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
117031979  PIP5K1B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 beta [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
117018191  DGKI; diacylglycerol kinase iota isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
117025744  DGKD; diacylglycerol kinase delta isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
117012554  DGKB; diacylglycerol kinase beta isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
117012912  DGKE; diacylglycerol kinase epsilon [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
117034990  DGKG; diacylglycerol kinase gamma isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
117021360  DGKH; diacylglycerol kinase eta isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
117028396  DGKA; diacylglycerol kinase alpha isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
117022507  DGKQ; diacylglycerol kinase theta isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
117029807  DGKZ; diacylglycerol kinase zeta isoform X1 [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
117016278  DGKK; diacylglycerol kinase kappa [KO:K00901] [EC:2.7.1.107]
117026967  PLPP3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phospholipid phosphatase 3 [KO:K01080] [EC:3.1.3.4]
117037640  PLPP2; phospholipid phosphatase 2 [KO:K01080] [EC:3.1.3.4]
117024873  PLPP1; phospholipid phosphatase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01080] [EC:3.1.3.4]
117030063  F2; prothrombin [KO:K01313] [EC:3.4.21.5]
117018614  AGT; angiotensinogen [KO:K09821]
117016024  AVP; vasopressin-neurophysin 2-copeptin [KO:K05242]
117022358  CXCL8; interleukin-8 [KO:K10030]
117022489  C-X-C motif chemokine 15-like [KO:K10030]
117013699  AGTR1; type-1 angiotensin II receptor [KO:K04166]
117025288  F2R; proteinase-activated receptor 1 [KO:K03914]
117020443  GRM1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04603]
117036546  GRM2; metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 [KO:K04605]
117012514  GRM3; metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 [KO:K04606]
117019399  GRM4; metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04607]
117030808  GRM5; metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04604]
117016662  GRM6; metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 [KO:K04608]
117037320  GRM7; metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04609]
117018342  GRM8; metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04610]
117027995  AVPR1A; vasopressin V1a receptor [KO:K04226]
117014850  AVPR1B; vasopressin V1b receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04227]
117028203  AVPR2; vasopressin V2 receptor [KO:K04228]
117032311  LPAR1; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 [KO:K04289]
117037446  LPAR2; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2 [KO:K04291]
117026509  LPAR3; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04294]
117025847  LPAR4; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 4 [KO:K04275]
117029393  LPAR5; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5 [KO:K08390]
117021435  LPAR6; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6 [KO:K04273]
117026550  PTGFR; prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor [KO:K04262]
117025530  C-X-C chemokine receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04175]
117025484  C-X-C chemokine receptor type 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K05050]
117015870  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
117015942  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
117030619  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
117024110  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
117016789  GNA12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 isoform X1 [KO:K04346]
117037602  PTK2B; protein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta isoform X1 [KO:K05871] [EC:2.7.10.2]
117013275  GNA13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 [KO:K04639]
117012427  PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K21289] [EC:2.7.1.153]
117012707  PIK3R6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K21290]
117013842  PIK3R5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 isoform X1 [KO:K21290]
117013320  CYTH1; cytohesin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K18441]
117034642  CYTH2; cytohesin-2 [KO:K18441]
117028380  CYTH4; cytohesin-4 isoform X1 [KO:K18441]
117016437  CYTH3; cytohesin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K18441]
117015708  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55 [KO:K04632]
117015705  GNAS; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms XLas isoform X1 [KO:K04632]
117012305  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
117025090  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
117032856  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
117024169  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
117031053  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
117028303  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
117034378  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
117033942  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
117019474  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
117028527  RAPGEF3; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08014]
117026182  RAPGEF4; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04351]
117014602  DNM3; dynamin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
117031950  DNM1; dynamin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
117037692  DNM2; dynamin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K23484] [EC:3.6.5.5]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00416  Phosphatidate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00639  Prostaglandin F2alpha
C00681  1-Acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C04637  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
Reference
PMID:17245604
  Authors
Oude Weernink PA, Lopez de Jesus M, Schmidt M
  Title
Phospholipase D signaling: orchestration by PIP2 and small GTPases.
  Journal
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 374:399-411 (2007)
DOI:10.1007/s00210-007-0131-4
Reference
PMID:21936578
  Authors
Selvy PE, Lavieri RR, Lindsley CW, Brown HA
  Title
Phospholipase D: enzymology, functionality, and chemical modulation.
  Journal
Chem Rev 111:6064-119 (2011)
DOI:10.1021/cr200296t
Reference
PMID:24995811
  Authors
Brandenburg LO, Pufe T, Koch T
  Title
Role of phospholipase d in g-protein coupled receptor function.
  Journal
Membranes (Basel) 4:302-18 (2014)
DOI:10.3390/membranes4030302
Reference
PMID:17054901
  Authors
Oude Weernink PA, Han L, Jakobs KH, Schmidt M
  Title
Dynamic phospholipid signaling by G protein-coupled receptors.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1768:888-900 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.09.012
Reference
PMID:24990952
  Authors
Foster DA, Salloum D, Menon D, Frias MA
  Title
Phospholipase D and the maintenance of phosphatidic acid levels for regulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR).
  Journal
J Biol Chem 289:22583-8 (2014)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.R114.566091
Reference
PMID:16143829
  Authors
Jenkins GM, Frohman MA
  Title
Phospholipase D: a lipid centric review.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 62:2305-16 (2005)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-005-5195-z
Reference
PMID:19815110
  Authors
Metcalfe DD, Peavy RD, Gilfillan AM
  Title
Mechanisms of mast cell signaling in anaphylaxis.
  Journal
J Allergy Clin Immunol 124:639-46; quiz 647-8 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.jaci.2009.08.035
Reference
PMID:18936782
  Authors
Kalesnikoff J, Galli SJ
  Title
New developments in mast cell biology.
  Journal
Nat Immunol 9:1215-23 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/ni.f.216
Reference
PMID:12217395
  Authors
Cockcroft S, Way G, O'Luanaigh N, Pardo R, Sarri E, Fensome A
  Title
Signalling role for ARF and phospholipase D in mast cell exocytosis stimulated by crosslinking of the high affinity FcepsilonR1 receptor.
  Journal
Mol Immunol 38:1277-82 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0161-5890(02)00075-5
Reference
PMID:19410013
  Authors
Lee CS, Kim KL, Jang JH, Choi YS, Suh PG, Ryu SH
  Title
The roles of phospholipase D in EGFR signaling.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1791:862-8 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbalip.2009.04.007
Reference
PMID:16622417
  Authors
Lee CS, Kim IS, Park JB, Lee MN, Lee HY, Suh PG, Ryu SH
  Title
The phox homology domain of phospholipase D activates dynamin GTPase activity and accelerates EGFR endocytosis.
  Journal
Nat Cell Biol 8:477-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/ncb1401
Reference
PMID:14769825
  Authors
Kam Y, Exton JH
  Title
Role of phospholipase D1 in the regulation of mTOR activity by lysophosphatidic acid.
  Journal
FASEB J 18:311-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1096/fj.03-0731com
Reference
PMID:9310372
  Authors
Kozawa O, Blume-Jensen P, Heldin CH, Ronnstrand L
  Title
Involvement of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase in stem-cell-factor-induced phospholipase D activation and arachidonic acid release.
  Journal
Eur J Biochem 248:149-55 (1997)
DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00149.x
Reference
PMID:11042115
  Authors
Slaaby R, Du G, Altshuller YM, Frohman MA, Seedorf K
  Title
Insulin-induced phospholipase D1 and phospholipase D2 activity in human embryonic kidney-293 cells mediated by the phospholipase C gamma and protein kinase C alpha signalling cascade.
  Journal
Biochem J 351 Pt 3:613-9 (2000)
DOI:10.1042/bj3510613
Reference
PMID:11991733
  Authors
Fahimi-Vahid M, Gosau N, Michalek C, Han L, Jakobs KH, Schmidt M, Roberts N, Avkiran M, Wieland T
  Title
Distinct signaling pathways mediate cardiomyocyte phospholipase D stimulation by endothelin-1 and thrombin.
  Journal
J Mol Cell Cardiol 34:441-53 (2002)
DOI:10.1006/jmcc.2002.1525
Reference
PMID:10666319
  Authors
Freeman EJ
  Title
The Ang II-induced growth of vascular smooth muscle cells involves a phospholipase D-mediated signaling mechanism.
  Journal
Arch Biochem Biophys 374:363-70 (2000)
DOI:10.1006/abbi.1999.1608
Reference
PMID:9119890
  Authors
Naro F, Donchenko V, Minotti S, Zolla L, Molinaro M, Adamo S
  Title
Role of phospholipase C and D signalling pathways in vasopressin-dependent myogenic differentiation.
  Journal
J Cell Physiol 171:34-42 (1997)
DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199704)171:1<34::AID-JCP5>3.0.CO;2-I
Reference
PMID:10807766
  Authors
Murdoch C, Finn A
  Title
Chemokine receptors and their role in inflammation and infectious diseases.
  Journal
Blood 95:3032-43 (2000)
Reference
PMID:8135758
  Authors
Sugiyama T, Sakai T, Nozawa Y, Oka N
  Title
Prostaglandin F2 alpha-stimulated phospholipase D activation in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells: involvement in sustained 1,2-diacylglycerol production.
  Journal
Biochem J 298 ( Pt 2):479-84 (1994)
DOI:10.1042/bj2980479
Reference
PMID:17210675
  Authors
Foster DA
  Title
Regulation of mTOR by phosphatidic acid?
  Journal
Cancer Res 67:1-4 (2007)
DOI:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-3016
Reference
PMID:15310762
  Authors
Delon C, Manifava M, Wood E, Thompson D, Krugmann S, Pyne S, Ktistakis NT
  Title
Sphingosine kinase 1 is an intracellular effector of phosphatidic acid.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:44763-74 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M405771200
Reference
PMID:23076158
  Authors
Park JB, Lee CS, Jang JH, Ghim J, Kim YJ, You S, Hwang D, Suh PG, Ryu SH
  Title
Phospholipase signalling networks in cancer.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 12:782-92 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/nrc3379
Reference
PMID:19264150
  Authors
Foster DA
  Title
Phosphatidic acid signaling to mTOR: signals for the survival of human cancer cells.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1791:949-55 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbalip.2009.02.009
Related
pathway
rfq00561  Glycerolipid metabolism
rfq04010  MAPK signaling pathway
rfq04014  Ras signaling pathway
rfq04020  Calcium signaling pathway
rfq04024  cAMP signaling pathway
rfq04071  Sphingolipid signaling pathway
rfq04144  Endocytosis
rfq04150  mTOR signaling pathway
rfq04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
rfq04664  Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04072   
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