Entry
Name
Human papillomavirus infection - Loxodonta africana (African savanna elephant)
Description
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus. HPV infect mucoal and cutaneous epithelium resulting in several types of pathologies, most notably, cervical cancer. All types of HPV share a common genomic structure and encode eight proteins: E1, E2, E4, E5, E6, and E7 (early) and L1 and L2 (late). It has been demonstrated that E1 and E2 are involved in viral transcription and replication. The functions of the E4 protein is not yet fully understood. E5, E6, and E7 act as oncoproteins. E5 inhibits the V-ATPase, prolonging EGFR signaling and thereby promoting cell proliferation. The expression of E6 and E7 not only inhibits the tumor suppressors p53 and Rb, but also alters additional signalling pathways. Among these pathways, PI3K/Akt signalling cascade plays a very important role in HPV-induced carcinogenesis. The L1 and L2 proteins form icosahedral capsids for progeny virion generation.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: viral
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Organism
Loxodonta africana (African savanna elephant) [GN:
lav ]
Gene
100673586 DVL3; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02353 ]
100657749 DVL2; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02353 ]
100657649 DVL1; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02353 ]
100676034 MAGI1; membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K05631 ]
100654053 PARD6A; partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha isoform X1 [KO:K06093 ]
100654735 LLGL1; lethal(2) giant larvae protein homolog 1 isoform X2 [KO:K06094 ]
100672463 LLGL2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lethal(2) giant larvae protein homolog 2 [KO:K06094 ]
100671297 COL1A1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-1(I) chain [KO:K06236 ]
100675826 COL2A1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-1(II) chain [KO:K19719 ]
100677754 COL4A2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-2(IV) chain [KO:K06237 ]
100675250 COL9A3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-3(IX) chain [KO:K08131 ]
100672143 TNFRSF1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158 ]
100657751 TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein isoform X4 [KO:K03171 ]
100662586 FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
100657715 FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04390 ]
100657092 SLC9A3R1; Na(+)/H(+) exchange regulatory cofactor NHE-RF1 isoform X1 [KO:K13365 ]
100664132 PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
100654486 PPP2R1A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform [KO:K03456 ]
100663532 PPP2R1B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K03456 ]
100666680 PPP2R2D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B delta isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04354 ]
100668825 PPP2R2A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04354 ]
100666413 PPP2R2B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform [KO:K04354 ]
100668487 PPP2R3A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha [KO:K11583 ]
100663566 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit beta [KO:K11583 ]
100670795 PPP2R3C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K11583 ]
100659955 PPP2R5D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform [KO:K11584 ]
100675562 PPP2R5E; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit epsilon isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
100676500 PPP2R5C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit gamma isoform [KO:K11584 ]
100660424 PPP2R5B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit beta isoform [KO:K11584 ]
100659875 PPP2R5A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform [KO:K11584 ]
100665518 EIF4EBP1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 [KO:K07205 ]
100657948 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
100658340 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
100666266 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
100653731 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
100665045 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
100675496 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
100661492 IKBKG; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: NF-kappa-B essential modulator [KO:K07210 ]
100662194 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
100671941 CHD4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 4 [KO:K11643 ] [EC:5.6.2.-]
100655144 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-37 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
100656828 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-67 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
100653700 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-11 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
100657492 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-11 alpha chain-like isoform X2 [KO:K06751 ]
100667840 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-40 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
100666699 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-3 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
100676481 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
100676766 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-3 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
100676584 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-B*0101 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
100662084 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-11 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
100661889 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-37 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
100667271 patr class I histocompatibility antigen, A-2 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
100664043 patr class I histocompatibility antigen, A-5 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
100666034 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, Cw-3 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
100664893 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-3 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
100659386 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-39 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
100669340 H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, Q10 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
100666832 ATP6V1B2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform [KO:K02147 ]
100666469 ATP6V1B1; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, kidney isoform [KO:K02147 ]
100665801 ATP6V1C2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: V-type proton ATPase subunit C 2 [KO:K02148 ]
100654530 ATP6V1E2; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02150 ]
100670350 ATP6V0A1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform X4 [KO:K02154 ]
100677484 ATP6V0D1; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 1 isoform X2 [KO:K02146 ]
111747829 ATP6V0E2; V-type proton ATPase subunit e 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02153 ]
100668758 ATP6V0C; V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K02155 ]
100669026 ATP6V0B; V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K03661 ]
100670137 EGF; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: pro-epidermal growth factor [KO:K04357 ]
100657379 SOS1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: son of sevenless homolog 1 [KO:K03099 ]
100655206 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04632 ]
100675162 CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870 ]
100653565 CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048 ]
100673694 CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 [KO:K09048 ]
100666211 CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048 ]
100670574 CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 [KO:K09048 ]
100677344 CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
100675079 CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047 ]
100668424 STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta [KO:K11220 ]
100656374 STAT2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 [KO:K11221 ]
100665908 EIF2AK2; interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase isoform X2 [KO:K16195 ] [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
100672179 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K14608 ]
100665966 NOTCH2; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K20994 ]
100661550 NOTCH3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3 [KO:K20995 ]
100656367 NOTCH4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 4 [KO:K20996 ]
100669746 PSEN1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: presenilin-1 [KO:K04505 ] [EC:3.4.23.-]
100656967 RBPJ; recombining binding protein suppressor of hairless isoform X1 [KO:K06053 ]
100660392 RBPJL; recombining binding protein suppressor of hairless-like protein [KO:K06053 ]
100661585 HEY2; hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K09091 ]
100657428 HEY1; hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K09091 ]
100660120 HEYL; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif-like protein [KO:K09091 ]
Compound
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Moody CA, Laimins LA
Title
Human papillomavirus oncoproteins: pathways to transformation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chen J
Title
Signaling pathways in HPV-associated cancers and therapeutic implications.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tummers B, Burg SH
Title
High-risk human papillomavirus targets crossroads in immune signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lehoux M, D'Abramo CM, Archambault J
Title
Molecular mechanisms of human papillomavirus-induced carcinogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pang CL, Thierry F
Title
Human papillomavirus proteins as prospective therapeutic targets.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yugawa T, Kiyono T
Title
Molecular mechanisms of cervical carcinogenesis by high-risk human papillomaviruses: novel functions of E6 and E7 oncoproteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Narisawa-Saito M, Kiyono T
Title
Basic mechanisms of high-risk human papillomavirus-induced carcinogenesis: roles of E6 and E7 proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wolf JK, Ramirez PT.
Title
The molecular biology of cervical cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
zur Hausen H
Title
Papillomaviruses causing cancer: evasion from host-cell control in early events in carcinogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kim YT, Zhao M
Title
Aberrant cell cycle regulation in cervical carcinoma.
Journal
Reference
Authors
McCance DJ
Title
Human papillomaviruses and cell signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Motoyama S, Ladines-Llave CA, Luis Villanueva S, Maruo T
Title
The role of human papilloma virus in the molecular biology of cervical carcinogenesis.
Journal
Kobe J Med Sci 50:9-19 (2004)
Reference
Authors
Tommasino M
Title
The human papillomavirus family and its role in carcinogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bello JO, Nieva LO, Paredes AC, Gonzalez AM, Zavaleta LR, Lizano M
Title
Regulation of the Wnt/beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway by Human Papillomavirus E6 and E7 Oncoproteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Shah M, Anwar MA, Park S, Jafri SS, Choi S
Title
In silico mechanistic analysis of IRF3 inactivation and high-risk HPV E6 species-dependent drug response.
Journal
Reference
Authors
James CD, Roberts S
Title
Viral Interactions with PDZ Domain-Containing Proteins-An Oncogenic Trait?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ganti K, Broniarczyk J, Manoubi W, Massimi P, Mittal S, Pim D, Szalmas A, Thatte J, Thomas M, Tomaic V, Banks L
Title
The Human Papillomavirus E6 PDZ Binding Motif: From Life Cycle to Malignancy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Subbaiah VK, Kranjec C, Thomas M, Banks L
Title
PDZ domains: the building blocks regulating tumorigenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Banks L, Pim D, Thomas M
Title
Human tumour viruses and the deregulation of cell polarity in cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Thomas M, Narayan N, Pim D, Tomaic V, Massimi P, Nagasaka K, Kranjec C, Gammoh N, Banks L
Title
Human papillomaviruses, cervical cancer and cell polarity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jayshree RS, Sreenivas A, Tessy M, Krishna S
Title
Cell intrinsic & extrinsic factors in cervical carcinogenesis.
Journal
Indian J Med Res 130:286-95 (2009)
Reference
Authors
Garnett TO, Duerksen-Hughes PJ
Title
Modulation of apoptosis by human papillomavirus (HPV) oncoproteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhang L, Wu J, Ling MT, Zhao L, Zhao KN
Title
The role of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway in human cancers induced by infection with human papillomaviruses.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Venuti A, Paolini F, Nasir L, Corteggio A, Roperto S, Campo MS, Borzacchiello G
Title
Papillomavirus E5: the smallest oncoprotein with many functions.
Journal
Reference
Authors
DiMaio D, Mattoon D
Title
Mechanisms of cell transformation by papillomavirus E5 proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ganguly N
Title
Human papillomavirus-16 E5 protein: oncogenic role and therapeutic value.
Journal
Reference
Authors
DiMaio D, Petti LM
Title
The E5 proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
De Marco F
Title
Oxidative stress and HPV carcinogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wieringa HW, van der Zee AG, de Vries EG, van Vugt MA
Title
Breaking the DNA damage response to improve cervical cancer treatment.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chung CH, Gillison ML
Title
Human papillomavirus in head and neck cancer: its role in pathogenesis and clinical implications.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Koromilas AE, Li S, Matlashewski G
Title
Control of interferon signaling in human papillomavirus infection.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Park JS, Kim EJ, Kwon HJ, Hwang ES, Namkoong SE, Um SJ
Title
Inactivation of interferon regulatory factor-1 tumor suppressor protein by HPV E7 oncoprotein. Implication for the E7-mediated immune evasion mechanism in cervical carcinogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sandberg A, Lindell G, Kallstrom BN, Branca RM, Danielsson KG, Dahlberg M, Larson B, Forshed J, Lehtio J
Title
Tumor proteomics by multivariate analysis on individual pathway data for characterization of vulvar cancer phenotypes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zwerschke W, Mazurek S, Massimi P, Banks L, Eigenbrodt E, Jansen-Durr P
Title
Modulation of type M2 pyruvate kinase activity by the human papillomavirus type 16 E7 oncoprotein.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lu Z, Hu X, Li Y, Zheng L, Zhou Y, Jiang H, Ning T, Basang Z, Zhang C, Ke Y
Title
Human papillomavirus 16 E6 oncoprotein interferences with insulin signaling pathway by binding to tuberin.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Xu M, Luo W, Elzi DJ, Grandori C, Galloway DA
Title
NFX1 interacts with mSin3A/histone deacetylase to repress hTERT transcription in keratinocytes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raff AB, Woodham AW, Raff LM, Skeate JG, Yan L, Da Silva DM, Schelhaas M, Kast WM
Title
The evolving field of human papillomavirus receptor research: a review of binding and entry.
Journal
Related pathway
lav04612 Antigen processing and presentation
lav04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway
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