KEGG   PATHWAY: panu05164
Entry
panu05164                   Pathway                                
Name
Influenza A - Papio anubis (olive baboon)
Description
Influenza is a contagious respiratory disease caused by influenza virus infection. Influenza A virus is responsible for both annual seasonal epidemics and periodic worldwide pandemics. Novel strains that cause pandemics arise from avian influenza virus by genetic reassortment among influenza viruses and two surface glycoproteins HA and NA form the basis of serologically distinct virus types. The innate immune system recognizes invaded virus through multiple mechanisms. Viral non-structural NS1 protein is a multifunctional virulence factor that interfere IFN-mediated antiviral response. It inhibits IFN production by blocking activation of transcription factors such as NF-kappa B and IRF3. NS1 further inhibits the activation of IFN-induced antiviral genes. PB1-F2 protein is another virulence factor that induce apoptosis of infected cells, which results in life-threatening bronchiolitis.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: viral
Pathway map
panu05164  Influenza A
panu05164

Organism
Papio anubis (olive baboon) [GN:panu]
Gene
110741984  tryptase alpha/beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01340] [EC:3.4.21.59]
101010225  tryptase alpha/beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01340] [EC:3.4.21.59]
101008370  plasminogen [KO:K01315] [EC:3.4.21.7]
101007403  putative trypsin-6 [KO:K01312] [EC:3.4.21.4]
100999051  trypsin-2-like [KO:K01312] [EC:3.4.21.4]
100998585  trypsin-1 [KO:K01312] [EC:3.4.21.4]
101000241  putative trypsin-6 [KO:K01312] [EC:3.4.21.4]
116274655  trypsin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K01312] [EC:3.4.21.4]
100998128  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: trypsin-2 [KO:K01312] [EC:3.4.21.4]
101020163  TMPRSS2; transmembrane protease serine 2 [KO:K09633] [EC:3.4.21.122]
101014717  TMPRSS4; transmembrane protease serine 4 [KO:K09635] [EC:3.4.21.-]
100997674  TMPRSS11D; transmembrane protease serine 11D [KO:K09641] [EC:3.4.21.-]
101009865  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101010639  OAS2; 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 2 [KO:K14216] [EC:2.7.7.84]
101010277  OAS1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 1 [KO:K14216] [EC:2.7.7.84]
101015624  OAS3; 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 3 [KO:K14216] [EC:2.7.7.84]
101012661  RNASEL; 2-5A-dependent ribonuclease isoform X1 [KO:K01165]
101025839  DNAJB1; dnaJ homolog subfamily B member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K09507]
101007287  DNAJC3; dnaJ homolog subfamily C member 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09523]
101011480  EIF2AK2; interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K16195] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101025391  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
101000930  TRIM25; E3 ubiquitin/ISG15 ligase TRIM25 [KO:K10652] [EC:2.3.2.27]
100997060  DDX58; probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX58 isoform X2 [KO:K12646] [EC:5.6.2.6]
101024962  IFIH1; interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12647] [EC:5.6.2.6]
101003220  NLRX1; NLR family member X1 isoform X2 [KO:K12653]
101008300  MAVS; mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein [KO:K12648]
100998877  CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
101016447  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X5 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
100998839  NFKBIB; NF-kappa-B inhibitor beta isoform X2 [KO:K02581]
101023751  NFKBIA; NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha [KO:K04734]
101026781  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X6 [KO:K02580]
101017078  RELA; transcription factor p65 isoform X1 [KO:K04735]
101017101  CALCOCO2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K21348]
101003041  TLR3; toll-like receptor 3 [KO:K05401]
101015106  TICAM1; TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 1 [KO:K05842]
101015482  TRAF3; TNF receptor-associated factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K03174]
100999858  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
101001355  IKBKE; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon isoform X2 [KO:K07211] [EC:2.7.11.10]
101013579  IRF3; interferon regulatory factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05411]
101027061  EP300; histone acetyltransferase p300 isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
101002586  CREBBP; CREB-binding protein isoform X5 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
101009041  TLR4; toll-like receptor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K10160]
101020343  TLR7; toll-like receptor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K05404]
101005327  MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 isoform X1 [KO:K04729]
101007351  IRAK4; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101005316  IRF7; interferon regulatory factor 7 isoform X5 [KO:K09447]
101023088  IL1A; interleukin-1 alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04383]
101023446  IL1B; interleukin-1 beta [KO:K04519]
100381195  IL6; interleukin-6 precursor [KO:K05405]
100126719  IL12A; interleukin-12 subunit alpha precursor [KO:K05406]
100126717  IL12B; interleukin-12 subunit beta precursor [KO:K05425]
100381196  CXCL8; interleukin-8 precursor [KO:K10030]
100381197  CCL2; C-C motif chemokine 2 precursor [KO:K14624]
101025455  CCL5; C-C motif chemokine 5 isoform X1 [KO:K12499]
101009748  CXCL10; C-X-C motif chemokine 10 [KO:K12671]
101021731  ICAM1; intercellular adhesion molecule 1 [KO:K06490]
101023828  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: interferon alpha-21 [KO:K05414]
101016516  interferon alpha-1/13 [KO:K05414]
116270026  interferon alpha-1/13 [KO:K05414]
101019008  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: interferon alpha-1/13 [KO:K05414]
101018652  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: interferon alpha-1/13 [KO:K05414]
101017918  interferon alpha-8 [KO:K05414]
101018287  interferon alpha-2 [KO:K05414]
101019380  interferon alpha-6 [KO:K05414]
101021706  interferon alpha-14 [KO:K05414]
101023118  interferon alpha-4 [KO:K05414]
101024523  IFNB1; interferon beta [KO:K05415]
100137245  IFNAR1; interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 [KO:K05130]
100137545  IFNAR2; interferon alpha/beta receptor 2 precursor [KO:K05131]
101002872  JAK1; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 isoform X1 [KO:K11217] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101020681  TYK2; non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2 isoform X1 [KO:K11219] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101007066  SOCS3; suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 [KO:K04696]
101005886  STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta [KO:K11220]
101011342  STAT2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 [KO:K11221]
101020807  IRF9; interferon regulatory factor 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04693]
101020760  MX1; interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx1 [KO:K14754]
101021095  MX2; interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx2 isoform X1 [KO:K14754]
101026850  ADAR; double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase isoform X1 [KO:K12968] [EC:3.5.4.37]
101019999  PML; protein PML isoform X4 [KO:K10054] [EC:2.3.2.-]
100126724  IFNG; interferon gamma precursor [KO:K04687]
101000704  IFNGR1; interferon gamma receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05132]
100137246  IFNGR2; interferon gamma receptor 2 precursor [KO:K05133]
101007171  JAK2; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 isoform X4 [KO:K04447] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101006064  CIITA; MHC class II transactivator isoform X1 [KO:K08060] [EC:2.7.11.1]
110743061  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain [KO:K06752]
103883612  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM alpha chain isoform X2 [KO:K06752]
101016766  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
101017941  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO alpha chain isoform X7 [KO:K06752]
101014430  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-15 beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
116268485  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain-like [KO:K06752]
101018551  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain [KO:K06752]
101000981  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain-like precursor [KO:K06752]
101018895  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain precursor [KO:K06752]
101007974  NLRP3; NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12800]
100998153  apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD isoform X1 [KO:K12799]
101008696  caspase-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K01370] [EC:3.4.22.36]
101006831  CASP1; caspase-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01370] [EC:3.4.22.36]
101009375  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: caspase-1-like [KO:K01370] [EC:3.4.22.36]
101011371  IL18; interleukin-18 isoform X1 [KO:K05482]
100998690  IL33; interleukin-33 [KO:K12967]
100510873  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X4 [KO:K02649]
101009981  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
101002971  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
101004976  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101008699  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101002278  PIK3CD; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100997634  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101000402  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100381179  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100137215  CCND3; G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 [KO:K10152]
101011004  CDK4; cyclin-dependent kinase 4 [KO:K02089] [EC:2.7.11.22]
101013902  CDK6; cyclin-dependent kinase 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02091] [EC:2.7.11.22]
101016626  TNFSF10; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10 [KO:K04721]
101002483  TNFRSF10B; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10B isoform X2 [KO:K04722]
101004108  TNFRSF10A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A isoform X1 [KO:K04722]
101000210  FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
101013835  TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158]
101006641  TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein isoform X2 [KO:K03171]
101017433  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
101009470  CASP8; caspase-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
101008656  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist isoform X1 [KO:K04726]
101000115  BAK1; bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer isoform X2 [KO:K14021]
101020566  VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862]
100998956  SLC25A4; ADP/ATP translocase 1 [KO:K05863]
101009750  SLC25A31; ADP/ATP translocase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05863]
101025041  SLC25A6; ADP/ATP translocase 3 [KO:K05863]
101000631  SLC25A5; ADP/ATP translocase 2 [KO:K05863]
101025906  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
101020480  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
101021327  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
101014039  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
101008579  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
100997529  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
101021349  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
100997503  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
101019410  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
103878393  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
108582823  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
101014473  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
101023208  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02084]
101009907  CASP9; caspase-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
101023728  CASP3; caspase-3 isoform X2 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
101006849  CPSF4L; putative cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4-like protein isoform X3 [KO:K14404]
101019711  CPSF4; cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4 isoform X2 [KO:K14404]
101010967  PABPN1L; embryonic polyadenylate-binding protein 2 [KO:K14396]
101004738  NXF1; nuclear RNA export factor 1 [KO:K14284]
101016566  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear RNA export factor 2-like [KO:K14284]
101022684  NXF3; nuclear RNA export factor 3 isoform X5 [KO:K14284]
101017387  nuclear RNA export factor 2 isoform X2 [KO:K14284]
100998739  NXT2; NTF2-related export protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14285]
101004787  HNRNPUL1; heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U-like protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K15047]
101017522  RAE1; mRNA export factor isoform X2 [KO:K14298]
101005213  NUP98; nuclear pore complex protein Nup98-Nup96 isoform X1 [KO:K14297]
101014221  RSAD2; radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K15045]
101017660  FDPS; farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase isoform X2 [KO:K00787] [EC:2.5.1.1 2.5.1.10]
101002939  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase-like [KO:K00787] [EC:2.5.1.1 2.5.1.10]
101016532  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X4 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101009029  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101008394  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101004074  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101012041  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101006756  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103877695  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: actin, alpha skeletal muscle-like [KO:K05692]
101002597  actin, cytoskeletal 4-like [KO:K05692]
101026869  ACTB; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
100997319  ACTG1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
101005850  RAB11A; ras-related protein Rab-11A [KO:K07904]
101024073  RAB11B; ras-related protein Rab-11B [KO:K07905]
101010054  XPO1; exportin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K14290]
101008334  KPNA1; importin subunit alpha-5 isoform X1 [KO:K23940]
101017690  KPNA7; importin subunit alpha-8 isoform X1 [KO:K15043]
101023358  KPNA2; importin subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K15043]
101007523  importin subunit alpha-1 [KO:K15043]
101002627  KPNA6; importin subunit alpha-7 isoform X3 [KO:K15042]
101015101  KPNA5; importin subunit alpha-6 isoform X1 [KO:K15042]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00080  H+
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:24225499
  Authors
Edinger TO, Pohl MO, Stertz S
  Title
Entry of influenza A virus: host factors and antiviral targets.
  Journal
J Gen Virol 95:263-77 (2014)
DOI:10.1099/vir.0.059477-0
Reference
PMID:19565019
  Authors
Kido H, Okumura Y, Takahashi E, Pan HY, Wang S, Chida J, Le TQ, Yano M
  Title
Host envelope glycoprotein processing proteases are indispensable for entry into human cells by seasonal and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses.
  Journal
J Mol Genet Med 3:167-75 (2008)
Reference
PMID:27751627
  Authors
Ramakrishnan B, Viswanathan K, Tharakaraman K, Dancik V, Raman R, Babcock GJ, Shriver Z, Sasisekharan R
  Title
A Structural and Mathematical Modeling Analysis of the Likelihood of Antibody-Dependent Enhancement in Influenza.
  Journal
Trends Microbiol 24:933-943 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.tim.2016.09.003
Reference
PMID:18588994
  Authors
Thanh TT, van Doorn HR, de Jong MD
  Title
Human H5N1 influenza: current insight into pathogenesis.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 40:2671-4 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2008.05.019
Reference
PMID:23977434
  Authors
Michael P, Brabant D, Bleiblo F, Ramana CV, Rutherford M, Khurana S, Tai TC, Kumar A, Kumar A
  Title
Influenza A induced cellular signal transduction pathways.
  Journal
J Thorac Dis 5 Suppl 2:S132-41 (2013)
DOI:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.07.42
Reference
PMID:20020828
  Authors
Hale BG, Albrecht RA, Garcia-Sastre A
  Title
Innate immune evasion strategies of influenza viruses.
  Journal
Future Microbiol 5:23-41 (2010)
DOI:10.2217/fmb.09.108
Reference
PMID:21698289
  Authors
Sharma K, Tripathi S, Ranjan P, Kumar P, Garten R, Deyde V, Katz JM, Cox NJ, Lal RB, Sambhara S, Lal SK
  Title
Influenza A virus nucleoprotein exploits Hsp40 to inhibit PKR activation.
  Journal
PLoS One 6:e20215 (2011)
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0020215
Reference
PMID:19782761
  Authors
Ehrhardt C, Seyer R, Hrincius ER, Eierhoff T, Wolff T, Ludwig S
  Title
Interplay between influenza A virus and the innate immune signaling.
  Journal
Microbes Infect 12:81-7 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.micinf.2009.09.007
Reference
PMID:23170167
  Authors
van de Sandt CE, Kreijtz JH, Rimmelzwaan GF
  Title
Evasion of influenza A viruses from innate and adaptive immune responses.
  Journal
Viruses 4:1438-76 (2012)
DOI:10.3390/v4091438
Reference
PMID:30487536
  Authors
Long JS, Mistry B, Haslam SM, Barclay WS
  Title
Host and viral determinants of influenza A virus species specificity.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 17:67-81 (2019)
DOI:10.1038/s41579-018-0115-z
Reference
PMID:29556226
  Authors
Chen X, Liu S, Goraya MU, Maarouf M, Huang S, Chen JL
  Title
Host Immune Response to Influenza A Virus Infection.
  Journal
Front Immunol 9:320 (2018)
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00320
Reference
PMID:20130137
  Authors
Lu X, Masic A, Li Y, Shin Y, Liu Q, Zhou Y
  Title
The PI3K/Akt pathway inhibits influenza A virus-induced Bax-mediated apoptosis by negatively regulating the JNK pathway via ASK1.
  Journal
J Gen Virol 91:1439-49 (2010)
DOI:10.1099/vir.0.018465-0
Reference
PMID:18980544
  Authors
Ichinohe T, Iwasaki A, Hasegawa H
  Title
Innate sensors of influenza virus: clues to developing better intranasal vaccines.
  Journal
Expert Rev Vaccines 7:1435-45 (2008)
DOI:10.1586/14760584.7.9.1435
Reference
PMID:27231932
  Authors
Le Sage V, Cinti A, Amorim R, Mouland AJ
  Title
Adapting the Stress Response: Viral Subversion of the mTOR Signaling Pathway.
  Journal
Viruses 8:E152 (2016)
DOI:10.3390/v8060152
Reference
PMID:30510918
  Authors
Fan Y, Sanyal S, Bruzzone R
  Title
Breaking Bad: How Viruses Subvert the Cell Cycle.
  Journal
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 8:396 (2018)
DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2018.00396
Reference
PMID:21971186
  Authors
Varga ZT, Palese P
  Title
The influenza A virus protein PB1-F2: killing two birds with one stone?
  Journal
Virulence 2:542-6 (2011)
DOI:10.4161/viru.2.6.17812
Reference
PMID:30254192
  Authors
Atkin-Smith GK, Duan M, Chen W, Poon IKH
  Title
The induction and consequences of Influenza A virus-induced cell death.
  Journal
Cell Death Dis 9:1002 (2018)
DOI:10.1038/s41419-018-1035-6
Reference
PMID:30545063
  Authors
Nogales A, Martinez-Sobrido L, Topham DJ, DeDiego ML
  Title
Modulation of Innate Immune Responses by the Influenza A NS1 and PA-X Proteins.
  Journal
Viruses 10:E708 (2018)
DOI:10.3390/v10120708
Reference
PMID:21253874
  Authors
Dai X, Zhang L, Hong T
  Title
Host cellular signaling induced by influenza virus.
  Journal
Sci China Life Sci 54:68-74 (2011)
DOI:10.1007/s11427-010-4116-z
Reference
PMID:26008706
  Authors
Li J, Yu M, Zheng W, Liu W
  Title
Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of influenza A virus proteins.
  Journal
Viruses 7:2668-82 (2015)
DOI:10.3390/v7052668
Reference
PMID:30079062
  Authors
Dou D, Revol R, Ostbye H, Wang H, Daniels R
  Title
Influenza A Virus Cell Entry, Replication, Virion Assembly and Movement.
  Journal
Front Immunol 9:1581 (2018)
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01581
Reference
PMID:23236273
  Authors
Paterson D, Fodor E
  Title
Emerging roles for the influenza A virus nuclear export protein (NEP).
  Journal
PLoS Pathog 8:e1003019 (2012)
DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003019
Related
pathway
panu00900  Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
panu03013  Nucleocytoplasmic transport
panu03015  mRNA surveillance pathway
panu04010  MAPK signaling pathway
panu04110  Cell cycle
panu04144  Endocytosis
panu04210  Apoptosis
panu04620  Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
panu04621  NOD-like receptor signaling pathway
panu04622  RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway
panu04630  JAK-STAT signaling pathway
panu05416  Viral myocarditis
KO pathway
ko05164   
LinkDB

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