Entry
Name
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - Bison bison bison (American bison)
Description
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. In 90% of patients, ALS is sporadic, with no clear genetic linkage. On the other hand, the remaining 10% of cases show familial inheritance, with mutations in SOD1, TDP43(TARDBP), FUS, or C9orf72 genes being the most frequent causes. In spite of such difference, familial ALS and sporadic ALS have similarities in their pathological features. Proposed disease mechanisms contributing to motor neuron degeneration in ALS are: impaired proteostasis, aberrant RNA processing, mitochondrial disfunction and oxidative stress, microglia activation, and axonal dysfunction.
Class
Human Diseases; Neurodegenerative disease
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Organism
Bison bison bison (American bison) [GN:
bbis ]
Gene
104987190 BAD; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158 ]
104982240 APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02084 ]
104984944 NDUFV3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03944 ]
105005064 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1-like [KO:K03945 ]
104994319 NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945 ]
104996211 NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946 ]
104985114 NDUFA3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947 ]
104988113 NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948 ]
104982372 NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 isoform X1 [KO:K03949 ]
104991249 NDUFA6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950 ]
104979755 NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951 ]
104997333 NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952 ]
104992211 NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial [KO:K03953 ]
104991413 NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial [KO:K03954 ]
104979718 NDUFA11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956 ]
105001631 NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 [KO:K11352 ]
104993848 NDUFA13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353 ]
104985816 NDUFB1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03957 ]
104999382 NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958 ]
105003651 NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959 ]
104992487 NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960 ]
104999985 NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial [KO:K03961 ]
104988316 NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03962 ]
104999881 NDUFB7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03963 ]
105002710 NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03964 ]
104987825 NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 isoform X1 [KO:K03965 ]
104993066 NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966 ]
104984069 NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03935 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
104990360 NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03936 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
105001053 NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial [KO:K03937 ]
105004940 NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938 ]
105000994 NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial [KO:K03939 ]
104991945 NDUFS7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial [KO:K03940 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
104986948 NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03941 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
104981278 NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967 ]
104982907 SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00234 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
104984077 SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00236 ]
104981313 SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00237 ]
104989916 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial [KO:K02263 ]
104996547 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial [KO:K02263 ]
104990309 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270 ]
104985374 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270 ]
104998122 ATP5C1; ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02136 ]
104981633 ATP5F1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial [KO:K02127 ]
104982380 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: uncharacterized protein LOC104982380 [KO:K02128 ]
105001728 ATP5G2; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial [KO:K02128 ]
104990591 ATP5G1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K02128 ]
105002940 ATP5G3; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C3, mitochondrial [KO:K02128 ]
104991863 VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862 ]
104984074 TOMM40L; mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM40B [KO:K11518 ]
104997769 TOMM40; mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM40 homolog [KO:K11518 ]
104986209 MAP1LC3C; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435 ]
104999438 MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435 ]
104996554 MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435 ]
105002394 TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator isoform X1 [KO:K12650 ]
104990669 SMCR8; smith-Magenis syndrome chromosomal region candidate gene 8 protein [KO:K23611 ]
104987864 RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589 ]
104990387 AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 [KO:K17985 ]
104994208 ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889 ]
104992811 WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 [KO:K17908 ]
105000527 WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 [KO:K17908 ]
104999298 CHMP2B; charged multivesicular body protein 2b isoform X1 [KO:K12192 ]
104992549 PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
104994644 PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
104997505 PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
105000026 PSMD2; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2 [KO:K03028 ]
104986501 PSMD1; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K03032 ]
104990520 PSMD3; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 3 [KO:K03033 ]
104989607 PSMD9; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 9 [KO:K06693 ]
105000475 PSMD12; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 12 [KO:K03035 ]
105003989 PSMD11; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 11 [KO:K03036 ]
104997061 PSMD6; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 6 [KO:K03037 ]
104996646 PSMD7; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 7 [KO:K03038 ]
104983501 PSMD13; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 13 [KO:K03039 ]
105001311 PSMD4; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K03029 ]
105002391 PSMD14; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14 isoform X1 [KO:K03030 ]
104995311 PSMD8; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 8 [KO:K03031 ]
104995018 putative heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1-like 3 [KO:K12741 ]
105001605 HNRNPA1; heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 isoform X1 [KO:K12741 ]
105002929 HNRNPA3; heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A3 isoform X1 [KO:K12741 ]
104999780 HNRNPA2B1; heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1 isoform X1 [KO:K13158 ]
104999946 SRSF7; serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K12896 ]
105000909 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear RNA export factor 3-like [KO:K14284 ]
104983070 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear RNA export factor 3-like [KO:K14284 ]
104995553 NUP98; nuclear pore complex protein Nup98-Nup96 isoform X1 [KO:K14297 ]
104989773 NUP107; nuclear pore complex protein Nup107 isoform X1 [KO:K14301 ]
105004800 NUP210; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear pore membrane glycoprotein 210 [KO:K14314 ]
104998913 POM121C; nuclear envelope pore membrane protein POM 121C isoform X1 [KO:K14316 ]
105000785 NUP214; nuclear pore complex protein Nup214 isoform X1 [KO:K14317 ]
105005116 RANBP2; E3 SUMO-protein ligase RanBP2 isoform X1 [KO:K12172 ] [EC:2.3.2.-]
104989854 coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain-containing protein 10, mitochondrial-like [KO:K22759 ]
104990024 VAPB; vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B/C [KO:K10707 ]
104999179 ATF6; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha isoform X1 [KO:K09054 ]
104993460 EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237 ]
104984118 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
104995001 ITPR3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960 ]
104992338 TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158 ]
104995825 TNFRSF1B; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B [KO:K05141 ]
104986988 CCS; copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase isoform X1 [KO:K04569 ]
104990460 HAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: huntingtin-associated protein 1 [KO:K04647 ]
105004957 DNALI1; axonemal dynein light intermediate polypeptide 1 [KO:K10410 ]
104982470 SLC1A2; excitatory amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05613 ]
104985586 GRIN1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 [KO:K05208 ]
104996405 GRIN2A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A isoform X1 [KO:K05209 ]
104995715 GRIN2D; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D [KO:K05212 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
Reference
Authors
Brown RH, Al-Chalabi A
Title
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Webster CP, Smith EF, Shaw PJ, De Vos KJ
Title
Protein Homeostasis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Therapeutic Opportunities?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Valko K, Ciesla L
Title
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Mathis S, Goizet C, Soulages A, Vallat JM, Masson GL
Title
Genetics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A review.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Turner MR, Hardiman O, Benatar M, Brooks BR, Chio A, de Carvalho M, Ince PG, Lin C, Miller RG, Mitsumoto H, Nicholson G, Ravits J, Shaw PJ, Swash M, Talbot K, Traynor BJ, Van den Berg LH, Veldink JH, Vucic S, Kiernan MC
Title
Controversies and priorities in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pasinelli P, Brown RH
Title
Molecular biology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: insights from genetics.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Goodall EF, Morrison KE
Title
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (motor neuron disease): proposed mechanisms and pathways to treatment.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Smith EF, Shaw PJ, De Vos KJ
Title
The role of mitochondria in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kodavati M, Wang H, Hegde ML
Title
Altered Mitochondrial Dynamics in Motor Neuron Disease: An Emerging Perspective.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hervias I, Beal MF, Manfredi G
Title
Mitochondrial dysfunction and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bacman SR, Bradley WG, Moraes CT
Title
Mitochondrial involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: trigger or target?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lin MT, Beal MF
Title
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bendotti C, Bao Cutrona M, Cheroni C, Grignaschi G, Lo Coco D, Peviani M, Tortarolo M, Veglianese P, Zennaro E
Title
Inter- and intracellular signaling in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Simpson EP, Yen AA, Appel SH
Title
Oxidative Stress: a common denominator in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bendotti C, Carri MT
Title
Lessons from models of SOD1-linked familial ALS.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Robertson J, Kriz J, Nguyen MD, Julien JP
Title
Pathways to motor neuron degeneration in transgenic mouse models.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Eve DJ, Dennis JS, Citron BA
Title
Transcription factor p53 in degenerating spinal cords.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bahar E, Kim H, Yoon H
Title
ER Stress-Mediated Signaling: Action Potential and Ca(2+) as Key Players.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bezprozvanny I
Title
Calcium signaling and neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
von Lewinski F, Keller BU
Title
Ca2+, mitochondria and selective motoneuron vulnerability: implications for ALS.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Julien JP.
Title
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. unfolding the toxicity of the misfolded.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hand CK, Rouleau GA
Title
Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Barber SC, Mead RJ, Shaw PJ
Title
Oxidative stress in ALS: a mechanism of neurodegeneration and a therapeutic target.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Prasad A, Bharathi V, Sivalingam V, Girdhar A, Patel BK
Title
Molecular Mechanisms of TDP-43 Misfolding and Pathology in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Nguyen DKH, Thombre R, Wang J
Title
Autophagy as a common pathway in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lee JK, Shin JH, Lee JE, Choi EJ
Title
Role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Oakes JA, Davies MC, Collins MO
Title
TBK1: a new player in ALS linking autophagy and neuroinflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ramesh N, Pandey UB
Title
Autophagy Dysregulation in ALS: When Protein Aggregates Get Out of Hand.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kunita R, Otomo A, Mizumura H, Suzuki-Utsunomiya K, Hadano S, Ikeda JE
Title
The Rab5 activator ALS2/alsin acts as a novel Rac1 effector through Rac1-activated endocytosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hadano S, Kunita R, Otomo A, Suzuki-Utsunomiya K, Ikeda JE
Title
Molecular and cellular function of ALS2/alsin: implication of membrane dynamics in neuronal development and degeneration.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ruffoli R, Bartalucci A, Frati A, Fornai F
Title
Ultrastructural studies of ALS mitochondria connect altered function and permeability with defects of mitophagy and mitochondriogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Menzies FM, Fleming A, Rubinsztein DC
Title
Compromised autophagy and neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Casterton RL, Hunt RJ, Fanto M
Title
Pathomechanism Heterogeneity in the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Disease Spectrum: Providing Focus Through the Lens of Autophagy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lin G, Mao D, Bellen HJ
Title
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Pathogenesis Converges on Defects in Protein Homeostasis Associated with TDP-43 Mislocalization and Proteasome-Mediated Degradation Overload.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hetz C, Mollereau B
Title
Disturbance of endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis in neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Xiang C, Wang Y, Zhang H, Han F
Title
The role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in neurodegenerative disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hughes D, Mallucci GR
Title
The unfolded protein response in neurodegenerative disorders - therapeutic modulation of the PERK pathway.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Doyle KM, Kennedy D, Gorman AM, Gupta S, Healy SJ, Samali A
Title
Unfolded proteins and endoplasmic reticulum stress in neurodegenerative disorders.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Turner BJ, Atkin JD
Title
ER stress and UPR in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Nishitoh H, Kadowaki H, Nagai A, Maruyama T, Yokota T, Fukutomi H, Noguchi T, Matsuzawa A, Takeda K, Ichijo H
Title
ALS-linked mutant SOD1 induces ER stress- and ASK1-dependent motor neuron death by targeting Derlin-1.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Walker AK, Atkin JD
Title
Stress signaling from the endoplasmic reticulum: A central player in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Renaud L, Picher-Martel V, Codron P, Julien JP
Title
Key role of UBQLN2 in pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Nguyen HP, Van Broeckhoven C, van der Zee J
Title
ALS Genes in the Genomic Era and their Implications for FTD.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Atkin G, Paulson H
Title
Ubiquitin pathways in neurodegenerative disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kim JM, Billington E, Reyes A, Notarianni T, Sage J, Agbas E, Taylor M, Monast I, Stanford JA, Agbas A
Title
Impaired Cu-Zn Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1) and Calcineurin (Cn) Interaction in ALS: A Presumed Consequence for TDP-43 and Zinc Aggregation in Tg SOD1(G93A) Rodent Spinal Cord Tissue.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Benarroch EE
Title
Sigma-1 receptor and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Millecamps S, Julien JP
Title
Axonal transport deficits and neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Related pathway
bbis04141 Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
KO pathway
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