PATHWAY: caua04020 Help
Entry
Name
Calcium signaling pathway - Carassius auratus (goldfish)
Description
Ca2+ that enters the cell from the outside is a principal source of signal Ca2+. Entry of Ca2+ is driven by the presence of a large electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane. Cells use this external source of signal Ca2+ by activating various entry channels with widely different properties. The voltage-operated channels (VOCs) are found in excitable cells and generate the rapid Ca2+ fluxes that control fast cellular processes. There are many other Ca2+-entry channels, such as the receptor-operated channels (ROCs), for example the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors (NMDARs) that respond to glutamate. There also are second-messenger-operated channels (SMOCs) and store-operated channels (SOCs).
The other principal source of Ca2+ for signalling is the internal stores that are located primarily in the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR), in which inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) or ryanodine receptors (RYRs) regulate the release of Ca2+. The principal activator of these channels is Ca2+ itself and this process of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release is central to the mechanism of Ca2+ signalling. Various second messengers or modulators also control the release of Ca2+. IP3, which is generated by pathways using different isoforms of phospholipase C (PLCbeta, delta, epsilon, gamma and zeta), regulates the IP3Rs. Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) releases Ca2+ via RYRs. Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) may activate a distinct Ca2+ release mechanism on separate acidic Ca2+ stores. Ca2+ release via the NAADP-sensitive mechanism may also feedback onto either RYRs or IP3Rs. cADPR and NAADP are generated by CD38. This enzyme might be sensitive to the cellular metabolism, as ATP and NADH inhibit it.
The influx of Ca2+ from the environment or release from internal stores causes a very rapid and dramatic increase in cytoplasmic calcium concentration, which has been widely exploited for signal transduction. Some proteins, such as troponin C (TnC) involved in muscle contraction, directly bind to and sense Ca2+. However, in other cases Ca2+ is sensed through intermediate calcium sensors such as calmodulin (CALM).
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Carassius auratus (goldfish) [GN:
caua ]
Gene
113050265 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha-like isoform X1 [KO:K04632 ]
113105096 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04632 ]
113092761 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04633 ]
113042594 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha-like isoform X1 [KO:K04633 ]
113100663 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha-like isoform X1 [KO:K04633 ]
113056393 sarcoplasmic reticulum histidine-rich calcium-binding protein-like [KO:K23450 ]
113111987 cilia- and flagella-associated protein 251-like isoform X1 [KO:K23450 ]
113107741 calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K16056 ]
113070769 calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K16056 ]
113110262 calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1-like [KO:K16056 ]
113048094 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C-like isoform X1 [KO:K04850 ]
113062313 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C-like isoform X1 [KO:K04850 ]
113055476 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D-like isoform X1 [KO:K04851 ]
113107872 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D-like isoform X1 [KO:K04851 ]
113110814 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D-like isoform X1 [KO:K04851 ]
113076440 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D-like [KO:K04853 ]
113079157 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D-like [KO:K04853 ]
113070706 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D-like [KO:K04853 ]
113087728 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F-like [KO:K04853 ]
113107268 dihydropyridine-sensitive L-type skeletal muscle calcium channel subunit alpha-1-like [KO:K04857 ]
113093954 dihydropyridine-sensitive L-type skeletal muscle calcium channel subunit alpha-1-like [KO:K04857 ]
113107582 dihydropyridine-sensitive L-type skeletal muscle calcium channel subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04857 ]
113040331 dihydropyridine-sensitive L-type skeletal muscle calcium channel subunit alpha-1-like [KO:K04857 ]
113076290 voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A-like [KO:K04344 ]
113055310 voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A-like isoform X1 [KO:K04344 ]
113045209 voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A-like isoform X1 [KO:K04344 ]
113099701 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A-like [KO:K04344 ]
113111049 voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A-like isoform X1 [KO:K04344 ]
113049304 voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B-like isoform X1 [KO:K04849 ]
113064115 voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B-like isoform X1 [KO:K04849 ]
113038792 voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B-like isoform X1 [KO:K04849 ]
113074180 probable voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B isoform X1 [KO:K04849 ]
113076345 cacna1e; voltage-dependent R-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1E isoform X1 [KO:K04852 ]
113046151 voltage-dependent R-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1E-like isoform X1 [KO:K04852 ]
113089156 voltage-dependent R-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1E-like [KO:K04852 ]
113039639 voltage-dependent R-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1E-like isoform X1 [KO:K04852 ]
113091165 probable voltage-dependent R-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1E isoform X1 [KO:K04852 ]
113070166 voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G-like isoform X1 [KO:K04854 ]
113111501 voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G-like isoform X1 [KO:K04854 ]
113078107 voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H-like isoform X1 [KO:K04855 ]
113050158 voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H-like [KO:K04855 ]
113069654 voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H-like isoform X1 [KO:K04855 ]
113042893 voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I-like [KO:K04856 ]
113095152 voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I-like isoform X1 [KO:K04856 ]
113089654 voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I-like [KO:K04856 ]
113047001 voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I-like [KO:K04856 ]
113079965 neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7-like isoform X1 [KO:K04809 ]
113051800 neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7-like isoform X1 [KO:K04809 ]
113063927 glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K05208 ]
113038828 glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K05208 ]
113074296 glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K05208 ]
113092831 glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A-like isoform X1 [KO:K05209 ]
113109311 glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B-like isoform X1 [KO:K05210 ]
113098206 glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B-like isoform X1 [KO:K05210 ]
113078631 glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A-like isoform X1 [KO:K05214 ]
113098258 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2-like [KO:K04323 ]
113058768 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: metabotropic glutamate receptor 5-like [KO:K04604 ]
113097547 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone receptor-like [KO:K04248 ]
113117507 ptafr; platelet-activating factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04279 ]
113064999 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha-like isoform X1 [KO:K04634 ]
113049838 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634 ]
113083927 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha-like [KO:K04634 ]
113112706 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha-like [KO:K04635 ]
113113987 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha-like [KO:K04635 ]
113079298 guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11-like [KO:K04635 ]
113082387 guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11-like [KO:K04635 ]
113040036 guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11-like isoform X1 [KO:K04635 ]
113049839 guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-14-like [KO:K04636 ]
113107289 guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-14-like [KO:K04636 ]
113043384 guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-14-like [KO:K04636 ]
113083886 guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-14-like [KO:K04636 ]
113064997 guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11-like isoform X1 [KO:K04637 ]
113064998 guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11-like [KO:K04637 ]
113040023 guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11-like isoform X1 [KO:K04637 ]
113040025 guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11-like isoform X1 [KO:K04637 ]
113067655 platelet-derived growth factor subunit A-like isoform X1 [KO:K04359 ]
113050994 platelet-derived growth factor subunit A-like isoform X1 [KO:K04359 ]
113065132 platelet-derived growth factor subunit A-like isoform X1 [KO:K04359 ]
113039942 platelet-derived growth factor subunit A-like isoform X1 [KO:K04359 ]
113065075 adenylate cyclase, terminal-differentiation specific-like isoform X1 [KO:K17386 ]
113048546 vascular endothelial growth factor A-A-like isoform X1 [KO:K05448 ]
113116535 vascular endothelial growth factor A-A-like isoform X1 [KO:K05448 ]
113058303 vascular endothelial growth factor A-A-like isoform X1 [KO:K05448 ]
113064204 vascular endothelial growth factor A-A-like isoform X1 [KO:K05448 ]
113064357 snake venom vascular endothelial growth factor toxin ICPP-like [KO:K05448 ]
113064358 snake venom vascular endothelial growth factor toxin ICPP-like [KO:K05448 ]
113054745 glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-like isoform X1 [KO:K05452 ]
113066297 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase delta-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K05857 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113041878 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase delta-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K05857 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113100026 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase delta-4-like isoform X1 [KO:K05857 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113045854 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase delta-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K05857 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113117140 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase delta-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K05857 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113106612 plcb3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113094095 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4-like isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113068500 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113068501 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4-like isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113068549 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4-like isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113068550 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113087941 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113040970 plcg1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01116 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113068656 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K01116 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113056368 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase epsilon-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K05860 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113111962 plce1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase epsilon-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05860 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
113055353 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
113094567 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
113050374 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
113110915 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
113107211 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K04960 ]
113069945 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K04960 ]
113038197 voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1-like [KO:K05862 ]
113038198 voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1-like [KO:K05862 ]
113055817 voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2-like [KO:K15040 ]
113106967 voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K15041 ]
113076369 voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2-like [KO:K15041 ]
113078043 voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2-like [KO:K15041 ]
113110174 voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K15041 ]
113052779 voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K15041 ]
113106313 phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, skeletal muscle isoform-like [KO:K07190 ]
113055320 phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, liver isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K07190 ]
113051382 phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, skeletal muscle isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K07190 ]
113051692 phkb; phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07190 ]
113110824 phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, liver isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K07190 ]
113072989 phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, liver isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K07190 ]
113054264 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
113076543 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
113113737 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
113049916 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
113069972 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
113109787 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
113057688 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
113038475 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
113064066 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
113120110 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K04446 ]
113057428 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K04446 ]
113041273 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K17332 ]
113050155 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K17332 ]
113104667 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2-like [KO:K17332 ]
113065408 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K17332 ]
113065879 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K17332 ]
113067263 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K17333 ]
113043635 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3-like [KO:K17333 ]
113051488 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K17333 ]
113106033 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K17333 ]
113119644 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4-like [KO:K17334 ]
113045016 nfatc4; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 [KO:K17334 ]
113113158 calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1C-like isoform X1 [KO:K13755 ] [EC:3.1.4.17 ]
113042540 calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A-like isoform X1 [KO:K13755 ] [EC:3.1.4.17 ]
113108315 pde1a; calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A isoform X1 [KO:K13755 ] [EC:3.1.4.17 ]
113079951 calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A-like isoform X1 [KO:K13755 ] [EC:3.1.4.17 ]
113045040 calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A-like isoform X1 [KO:K13755 ] [EC:3.1.4.17 ]
113045355 calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A-like isoform X1 [KO:K13755 ] [EC:3.1.4.17 ]
113052874 calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A-like isoform X1 [KO:K13755 ] [EC:3.1.4.17 ]
Compound
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C06124 Sphingosine 1-phosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
C13051 Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Reference
Authors
Berridge MJ, Bootman MD, Roderick HL.
Title
Calcium signalling: dynamics, homeostasis and remodelling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Berridge MJ, Lipp P, Bootman MD.
Title
The versatility and universality of calcium signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wang MC, Dolphin A, Kitmitto A.
Title
L-type voltage-gated calcium channels: understanding function through structure.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ferrier GR, Howlett SE.
Title
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling: role of membrane potential in regulation of contraction.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Keef KD, Hume JR, Zhong J.
Title
Regulation of cardiac and smooth muscle Ca(2+) channels (Ca(V)1.2a,b) by protein kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hell JW, Appleyard SM, Yokoyama CT, Warner C, Catterall WA.
Title
Differential phosphorylation of two size forms of the N-type calcium channel alpha 1 subunit which have different COOH termini.
Journal
J Biol Chem 269:7390-6 (1994)
Reference
Authors
Yunker AM.
Title
Modulation and pharmacology of low voltage-activated ("T-Type") calcium channels.
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Title
Calcineurin regulation of synaptic function: from ion channels to transmitter release and gene transcription.
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Title
A working model of CaM kinase II activity in hippocampal long-term potentiation and memory.
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Title
Ras-dependent mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by G protein-coupled receptors. Convergence of Gi- and Gq-mediated pathways on calcium/calmodulin, Pyk2, and Src kinase.
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Title
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Title
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Title
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Title
Mitochondrial intermembrane junctional complexes and their role in cell death.
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Title
Extracellular-signal-regulated kinase signalling in neurons.
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Title
Protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) acts upstream of PKCtheta to activate IkappaB kinase and NF-kappaB in T lymphocytes.
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Authors
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Title
Regulation of Cdc2/cyclin B activation in Xenopus egg extracts via inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdc25C phosphatase by Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein [corrected] kinase II.
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Reference
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Title
Sphingosine 1-phosphate, sphingosine kinase and autocrine calcium signalling in thyroid cells.
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Reference
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Title
Immunodeficiency due to defects in store-operated calcium entry.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Giachini FR, Lima VV, Hannan JL, Carneiro FS, Webb RC, Tostes RC
Title
STIM1/Orai1-mediated store-operated Ca2+ entry: the tip of the iceberg.
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Reference
Authors
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Title
[Regulation of store-operated calcium entry by STIM1].
Journal
Seikagaku 80:1123-8 (2008)
Reference
Authors
Galione A, Evans AM, Ma J, Parrington J, Arredouani A, Cheng X, Zhu MX
Title
The acid test: the discovery of two-pore channels (TPCs) as NAADP-gated endolysosomal Ca(2+) release channels.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Beard NA, Wei L, Dulhunty AF
Title
Ca(2+) signaling in striated muscle: the elusive roles of triadin, junctin, and calsequestrin.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Marty I
Title
Triadin regulation of the ryanodine receptor complex.
Journal
Reference
Authors
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Title
Histidine-rich calcium binding protein: the new regulator of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium cycling.
Journal
Related pathway
caua04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
KO pathway
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