KEGG   PATHWAY: cpoc04210
Entry
cpoc04210                   Pathway                                
Name
Apoptosis - Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)
Description
Apoptosis is a genetically programmed process for the elimination of damaged or redundant cells by activation of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases). The onset of apoptosis is controlled by numerous interrelating processes. The 'extrinsic' pathway involves stimulation of members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor subfamily, such as TNFRI, CD95/Fas or TRAILR (death receptors), located at the cell surface, by their specific ligands, such as TNF-alpha, FasL or TRAIL, respectively. The 'intrinsic' pathway is activated mainly by non-receptor stimuli, such as DNA damage, ER stress, metabolic stress, UV radiation or growth-factor deprivation. The central event in the 'intrinsic' pathway is the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), which leads to the release of cytochrome c. These two pathways converge at the level of effector caspases, such as caspase-3 and caspase-7. The third major pathway is initiated by the constituents of cytotoxic granules (e.g. Perforin and Granzyme B) that are released by CTLs (cytotoxic T-cells) and NK (natural killer) cells. Granzyme B, similarly to the caspases, cleaves its substrates after aspartic acid residues, suggesting that this protease has the ability to activate members of the caspase family directly. It is the balance between the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signals that eventually determines whether cells will undergo apoptosis, survive or proliferate. TNF family of ligands activates anti-apoptotic or cell-survival signals as well as apoptotic signals. NGF and Interleukin-3 promotes the survival, proliferation and differentiation of neurons or hematopoietic cells, respectively. Withdrawal of these growth factors leads to cell death, as described above.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cell growth and death
Pathway map
cpoc04210  Apoptosis
cpoc04210

Other DBs
GO: 0006915
Organism
Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig) [GN:cpoc]
Gene
100734497  Tnfsf10; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10 [KO:K04721]
101787877  tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A isoform X3 [KO:K04722]
100714139  Faslg; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04389]
100726403  Fas; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390]
100730628  Fadd; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
100135630  Tnf; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
100713890  Tnfrsf1a; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A isoform X3 [KO:K03158]
100732953  Tradd; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein [KO:K03171]
100717997  Cflar; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator isoform X3 [KO:K04724]
100713334  Casp8; caspase-8 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
100717714  Casp10; caspase-10 [KO:K04400] [EC:3.4.22.63]
100713360  Casp6; caspase-6 [KO:K04396] [EC:3.4.22.59]
100718309  Casp3; caspase-3 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
100715159  Casp7; caspase-7 isoform X1 [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
100728186  Bid; BH3-interacting domain death agonist [KO:K04726]
100730890  Bax; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
100734553  Bak1; bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer isoform X2 [KO:K14021]
100724526  Diablo; diablo homolog, mitochondrial [KO:K10522]
100718574  Sept4; septin-4 isoform X2 [KO:K16943]
100734064  Htra2; serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial [KO:K08669] [EC:3.4.21.108]
100731649  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome c, somatic [KO:K08738]
100733235  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome c, somatic-like [KO:K08738]
100724240  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
100719903  Apaf1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 [KO:K02084]
100714954  Casp9; caspase-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
100730283  Prf1; perforin-1 [KO:K07818]
100728774  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100715008  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100733665  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100733943  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100734223  granzyme B-like isoform X1 [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100734504  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100735618  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100720219  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100719110  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100735344  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100715856  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100719669  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100735067  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100718836  granzyme B-like isoform X1 [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100724690  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100726326  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
100728750  Tuba8; tubulin alpha-8 chain isoform X2 [KO:K07374]
100731885  tubulin alpha-3 chain [KO:K07374]
100732987  tubulin alpha-3 chain [KO:K07374]
100726492  tubulin alpha-1A chain-like [KO:K07374]
100734500  Tuba4a; tubulin alpha-4A chain [KO:K07374]
100728634  tubulin alpha-8 chain-like isoform X2 [KO:K07374]
100729187  tubulin alpha-8 chain-like [KO:K07374]
100726777  tubulin alpha-1A chain [KO:K07374]
100716197  tubulin alpha-1B chain-like [KO:K07374]
100716481  tubulin alpha-1B chain [KO:K07374]
100721658  Mcl1; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 [KO:K02539]
100731713  Actg1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
100135470  Actb; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
100715698  Sptan1; spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1 [KO:K06114]
100735212  Lmna; lamin [KO:K12641]
100715172  Lmnb1; lamin-B1 [KO:K07611]
100720465  lamin-B2-like [KO:K07611]
100730501  Lmnb2; lamin-B2 [KO:K07611]
100733925  Parp1; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 [KO:K24070] [EC:2.4.2.30]
100721827  Parp3; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
100726261  Parp4; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 4 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
100720452  Parp2; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
100719233  Dffa; DNA fragmentation factor subunit alpha [KO:K02310]
100713108  Dffb; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: DNA fragmentation factor subunit beta [KO:K02311] [EC:3.-.-.-]
100714029  Endog; endonuclease G, mitochondrial [KO:K01173]
100730787  Aifm1; apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K04727] [EC:1.-.-.-]
100733391  Ern1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
100733145  Traf2; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 isoform X2 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
100713023  Itpr1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
100717278  Itpr2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
100729184  Itpr3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X2 [KO:K04960]
100726550  Capn1; calpain-1 catalytic subunit isoform X2 [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
100725761  Capn2; calpain-2 catalytic subunit [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
100725836  Eif2ak3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100716377  Eif2s1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
100732296  Atf4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
101787388  Ddit3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein [KO:K04452]
100714169  Ctsb; cathepsin B isoform X1 [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
100714387  Ctsc; dipeptidyl peptidase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01275] [EC:3.4.14.1]
100735735  Ctsd; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
100730626  Ctsf; cathepsin F [KO:K01373] [EC:3.4.22.41]
100731416  Ctsh; pro-cathepsin H [KO:K01366] [EC:3.4.22.16]
100718267  Ctsk; cathepsin K isoform X2 [KO:K01371] [EC:3.4.22.38]
100714385  Ctsv; cathepsin L2 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
100723397  Ctso; cathepsin O [KO:K01374] [EC:3.4.22.42]
100722492  Ctss; cathepsin S [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
100733406  Ctsw; cathepsin W isoform X4 [KO:K08569] [EC:3.4.22.-]
100732992  Ctsz; cathepsin Z [KO:K08568] [EC:3.4.18.1]
100713574  Birc3; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 3 [KO:K16060]
100715527  Birc2; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 [KO:K16060]
100715778  Xiap; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
100527953  Birc5; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 [KO:K08731]
100725284  Bcl2l11; bcl-2-like protein 11 isoform X1 [KO:K16341]
100730495  Bcl2l1; bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
100733337  Bcl2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
100730008  Daxx; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: death domain-associated protein 6 [KO:K02308]
100727211  Ripk1; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02861] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100719421  Dab2ip; disabled homolog 2-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K19901]
100722979  Map3k5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
100722333  Mapk8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X2 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100718766  Mapk10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100714249  Mapk9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X2 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100734151  Bad; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death isoform X2 [KO:K02158]
100728775  Jun; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
100713572  Fos; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
100379269  Tp53; cellular tumor antigen p53 [KO:K04451]
100719582  Map3k14; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14 [KO:K04466] [EC:2.7.11.25]
100726357  Chuk; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
100724538  Ikbkb; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
100722308  Ikbkg; NF-kappa-B essential modulator isoform X1 [KO:K07210]
100723189  Nfkbia; NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha [KO:K04734]
100730075  Nfkb1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
100724366  Rela; transcription factor p65 isoform X1 [KO:K04735]
100717744  Ptpn13; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 13 isoform X2 [KO:K02374]
100719739  Gadd45a; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402]
100730773  Gadd45b; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402]
100723139  Traf1; TNF receptor-associated factor 1 [KO:K03172]
100732983  Bcl2a1; bcl-2-related protein A1 [KO:K02162]
100717983  Atm; serine-protein kinase ATM [KO:K04728] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100732786  Pidd1; p53-induced death domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10130]
100727696  Pmaip1; phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10131]
100735399  Casp2; caspase-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02186] [EC:3.4.22.55]
100733367  Ngf; beta-nerve growth factor [KO:K02582]
100725325  Ntrk1; high affinity nerve growth factor receptor [KO:K03176] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100729545  cytokine receptor common subunit beta-like [KO:K04738]
100192395  Csf2rb; cytokine receptor common subunit beta precursor [KO:K04738]
100720622  Pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100727986  Pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100735084  Pik3ca; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100734206  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
100730242  Pik3r1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha [KO:K02649]
100734044  Pik3r2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
100735138  Pdpk1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100719925  Akt2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100714724  Akt1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100724315  Akt3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100735038  Hras; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
100716262  Kras; GTPase KRas isoform X3 [KO:K07827]
100135584  Nras; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
100720110  Raf1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X2 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100712888  Map2k1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100728923  Map2k2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100715180  Mapk1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100725692  Mapk3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00076  Calcium cation
C00319  Sphingosine
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:26615431
  Authors
Savitskaya MA, Onishchenko GE
  Title
Mechanisms of Apoptosis.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 80:1393-417 (2015)
DOI:10.1134/S0006297915110012
Reference
PMID:23803157
  Authors
Schleich K, Lavrik IN
  Title
Mathematical modeling of apoptosis.
  Journal
Cell Commun Signal 11:44 (2013)
DOI:10.1186/1478-811X-11-44
Reference
PMID:15654015
  Authors
Lavrik I, Golks A, Krammer PH
  Title
Death receptor signaling.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 118:265-7 (2005)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.01610
Reference
PMID:15725726
  Authors
Jin Z, El-Deiry WS
  Title
Overview of cell death signaling pathways.
  Journal
Cancer Biol Ther 4:139-63 (2005)
DOI:10.4161/cbt.4.2.1508
Reference
PMID:15322527
  Authors
Benn SC, Woolf CJ
  Title
Adult neuron survival strategies--slamming on the brakes.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 5:686-700 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrn1477
Reference
PMID:12838338
  Authors
Orrenius S, Zhivotovsky B, Nicotera P
  Title
Regulation of cell death: the calcium-apoptosis link.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:552-65 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1150
Reference
PMID:19148180
  Authors
Clarke P, Tyler KL
  Title
Apoptosis in animal models of virus-induced disease.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 7:144-55 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2071
Reference
PMID:22429822
  Authors
Wen X, Lin ZQ, Liu B, Wei YQ
  Title
Caspase-mediated programmed cell death pathways as potential therapeutic targets in cancer.
  Journal
Cell Prolif 45:217-24 (2012)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00814.x
Reference
PMID:25526085
  Authors
Shalini S, Dorstyn L, Dawar S, Kumar S
  Title
Old, new and emerging functions of caspases.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 22:526-39 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2014.216
Reference
PMID:15601572
  Authors
Philchenkov A
  Title
Caspases: potential targets for regulating cell death.
  Journal
J Cell Mol Med 8:432-44 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2004.tb00468.x
Reference
PMID:9894605
  Authors
Stroh C, Schulze-Osthoff K
  Title
Death by a thousand cuts: an ever increasing list of caspase substrates.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 5:997-1000 (1998)
DOI:10.1038/sj.cdd.4400451
Reference
PMID:23070002
  Authors
Safa AR
  Title
c-FLIP, a master anti-apoptotic regulator.
  Journal
Exp Oncol 34:176-84 (2012)
Reference
PMID:18304445
  Authors
Jeong SY, Seol DW
  Title
The role of mitochondria in apoptosis.
  Journal
BMB Rep 41:11-22 (2008)
DOI:10.5483/bmbrep.2008.41.1.011
Reference
PMID:20533903
  Authors
Parsons MJ, Green DR
  Title
Mitochondria in cell death.
  Journal
Essays Biochem 47:99-114 (2010)
DOI:10.1042/bse0470099
Reference
PMID:15719025
  Authors
Strasser A
  Title
The role of BH3-only proteins in the immune system.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 5:189-200 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nri1568
Reference
PMID:24278747
  Authors
Schonthal AH
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress: its role in disease and novel prospects for therapy.
  Journal
Scientifica (Cairo) 2012:857516 (2012)
DOI:10.6064/2012/857516
Reference
PMID:21145844
  Authors
Malhi H, Kaufman RJ
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver disease.
  Journal
J Hepatol 54:795-809 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.11.005
Reference
PMID:18023214
  Authors
Malhotra JD, Kaufman RJ
  Title
The endoplasmic reticulum and the unfolded protein response.
  Journal
Semin Cell Dev Biol 18:716-31 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2007.09.003
Reference
PMID:16397578
  Authors
Wu J, Kaufman RJ
  Title
From acute ER stress to physiological roles of the Unfolded Protein Response.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 13:374-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401840
Reference
PMID:21914490
  Authors
Repnik U, Stoka V, Turk V, Turk B
  Title
Lysosomes and lysosomal cathepsins in cell death.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1824:22-33 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.08.016
Reference
PMID:22465226
  Authors
Cesen MH, Pegan K, Spes A, Turk B
  Title
Lysosomal pathways to cell death and their therapeutic applications.
  Journal
Exp Cell Res 318:1245-51 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.03.005
Reference
PMID:26231733
  Authors
Dashzeveg N, Yoshida K
  Title
Cell death decision by p53 via control of the mitochondrial membrane.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 367:108-12 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.019
Reference
PMID:22075987
  Authors
Bouchier-Hayes L, Green DR
  Title
Caspase-2: the orphan caspase.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 19:51-7 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2011.157
Reference
PMID:18238895
  Authors
Baptiste-Okoh N, Barsotti AM, Prives C
  Title
A role for caspase 2 and PIDD in the process of p53-mediated apoptosis.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:1937-42 (2008)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0711800105
Reference
PMID:12949498
  Authors
Aggarwal BB
  Title
Signalling pathways of the TNF superfamily: a double-edged sword.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 3:745-56 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nri1184
Reference
PMID:14737178
  Authors
Steelman LS, Pohnert SC, Shelton JG, Franklin RA, Bertrand FE, McCubrey JA.
  Title
JAK/STAT, Raf/MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt and BCR-ABL in cell cycle progression and leukemogenesis.
  Journal
Leukemia 18:189-218 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/sj.leu.2403241
Reference
PMID:9916983
  Authors
Dragovich T, Rudin CM, Thompson CB
  Title
Signal transduction pathways that regulate cell survival and cell death.
  Journal
Oncogene 17:3207-13 (1998)
DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1202587
Reference
PMID:11520933
  Authors
Sofroniew MV, Howe CL, Mobley WC
  Title
Nerve growth factor signaling, neuroprotection, and neural repair.
  Journal
Annu Rev Neurosci 24:1217-81 (2001)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.1217
Reference
PMID:24769728
  Authors
Kristiansen M, Ham J
  Title
Programmed cell death during neuronal development: the sympathetic neuron model.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 21:1025-35 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2014.47
Reference
PMID:18208375
  Authors
Logue SE, Martin SJ
  Title
Caspase activation cascades in apoptosis.
  Journal
Biochem Soc Trans 36:1-9 (2008)
DOI:10.1042/BST0360001
Reference
PMID:19770840
  Authors
Boivin WA, Cooper DM, Hiebert PR, Granville DJ
  Title
Intracellular versus extracellular granzyme B in immunity and disease: challenging the dogma.
  Journal
Lab Invest 89:1195-220 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/labinvest.2009.91
Reference
PMID:20075940
  Authors
Cullen SP, Brunet M, Martin SJ
  Title
Granzymes in cancer and immunity.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 17:616-23 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2009.206
Related
pathway
cpoc04010  MAPK signaling pathway
cpoc04020  Calcium signaling pathway
cpoc04064  NF-kappa B signaling pathway
cpoc04115  p53 signaling pathway
cpoc04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
cpoc04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
cpoc04650  Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
cpoc04668  TNF signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04210   
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