KEGG   PATHWAY: umr04081
Entry
umr04081                    Pathway                                
Name
Hormone signaling - Ursus maritimus (polar bear)
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signaling molecules and interaction
Pathway map
umr04081  Hormone signaling
umr04081

Organism
Ursus maritimus (polar bear) [GN:umr]
Gene
103656154  PTHLH; parathyroid hormone-related protein [KO:K22608]
103656186  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
103656824  AVPR1A; vasopressin V1a receptor [KO:K04226]
103657071  GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544]
103657111  [KO:K08521]
103657192  GIPR; gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04580]
103657638  PRLHR; prolactin-releasing peptide receptor [KO:K04314]
103657725  ADIPOR1; adiponectin receptor protein 1 [KO:K07297]
103657993  SMAD1; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 1 [KO:K04676]
103658352  DRD5; D(1B) dopamine receptor [KO:K05840]
103658385  CCKAR; cholecystokinin receptor type A [KO:K04194]
103658730  CALCR; calcitonin receptor [KO:K04576]
103658731  [KO:K04548]
103658734  [KO:K04546]
103658775  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
103658941  CRHR2; corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2 [KO:K04579]
103658945  GHRHR; growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor isoform X2 [KO:K04584]
103659210  [KO:K04138]
103659360  [KO:K05250]
103659482  ACVR1; activin receptor type-1 [KO:K04675] [EC:2.7.11.30]
103659505  GCG; pro-glucagon [KO:K05259]
103659569  RAPGEF4; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4 [KO:K04351]
103659655  ITGAV; integrin alpha-V isoform X1 [KO:K06487]
103659667  SLC40A1; solute carrier family 40 member 1 [KO:K14685]
103659748  CGA; glycoprotein hormones alpha chain [KO:K08522]
103660044  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103660522  OPRL1; nociceptin receptor [KO:K04216]
103660550  GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
103660706  HEPHL1; ferroxidase HEPHL1 [KO:K14735] [EC:1.16.3.1]
103660913  OPRM1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mu-type opioid receptor [KO:K04215]
103660917  VIPR2; vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 2 [KO:K04590]
103661039  [KO:K05258]
103661304  NOS1; nitric oxide synthase, brain [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
103661558  TRHR; thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor [KO:K04282]
103661702  THRA; thyroid hormone receptor alpha [KO:K05547]
103661704  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103661870  AGT; angiotensinogen [KO:K09821]
103661898  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
103661993  PRKG1; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07376] [EC:2.7.11.12]
103662377  DRD2; D(2) dopamine receptor isoform X2 [KO:K04145]
103662625  RAMP1; receptor activity-modifying protein 1 [KO:K08447]
103662712  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
103662848  NPPC; C-type natriuretic peptide [KO:K12336]
103662972  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
103663028  GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
103663045  LEPR; leptin receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05062]
103663109  GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
103663212  JAK2; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 isoform X1 [KO:K04447] [EC:2.7.10.2]
103663280  GNA14; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-14 [KO:K04636]
103663281  GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
103663361  [KO:K04545]
103663617  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X3 [KO:K02649]
103663799  SMAD5; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 5 [KO:K16790]
103663986  HCRTR2; orexin receptor type 2 [KO:K04239]
103664305  SMAD4; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 [KO:K04501]
103664375  SMAD9; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 9 [KO:K16791]
103664469  DRD1; D(1A) dopamine receptor [KO:K04144]
103664663  GHR; growth hormone receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05080]
103664719  PRLR; prolactin receptor [KO:K05081]
103664794  ADRA1B; alpha-1B adrenergic receptor [KO:K04136]
103664828  ADRB2; beta-2 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04142]
103664860  NPR3; atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12325]
103665352  PRKG2; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19477] [EC:2.7.11.12]
103665478  MLN; promotilin [KO:K05265]
103665670  GNA13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 [KO:K04639]
103665691  SSTR2; somatostatin receptor type 2 [KO:K04218]
103665890  [KO:K04578]
103665892  ITGB3; integrin beta-3 [KO:K06493]
103665901  [KO:K05438]
103665905  SSTR1; somatostatin receptor type 1 [KO:K04217]
103666455  HCRTR1; orexin receptor type 1 [KO:K04238]
103666751  OPRD1; delta-type opioid receptor [KO:K04213]
103666858  NPPB; natriuretic peptides B [KO:K12335]
103666859  NPPA; natriuretic peptides A [KO:K12334]
103666874  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103666900  [KO:K05264]
103666963  ESR1; estrogen receptor [KO:K08550]
103667090  NPR2; atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12324] [EC:4.6.1.2]
103667882  BMPR1A; bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1A [KO:K04673] [EC:2.7.11.30]
103668461  GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547]
103668466  SSTR5; somatostatin receptor type 5 [KO:K04221]
103668547  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103668723  NPR1; atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12323] [EC:4.6.1.2]
103669418  TSHB; thyrotropin subunit beta [KO:K05251]
103669527  TRH; thyrotropin releasing hormone isoform X1 [KO:K05253]
103669560  GHRL; appetite-regulating hormone isoform X3 [KO:K05254]
103669776  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
103669850  [KO:K04282]
103669901  GHRH; somatoliberin [KO:K05260]
103669929  GPER1; G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1 [KO:K04246]
103669942  GNA12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 [KO:K04346]
103670034  [KO:K17445]
103670041  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
103670120  EPO; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: erythropoietin [KO:K05437]
103670618  TSHR; thyrotropin receptor [KO:K04249]
103670636  DIO2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: type II iodothyronine deiodinase [KO:K17904] [EC:1.21.99.4]
103670695  DIO1; type I iodothyronine deiodinase [KO:K01562] [EC:1.21.99.4]
103670766  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
103670835  GUCA2A; guanylin [KO:K25556]
103670908  MPL; thrombopoietin receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05082]
103670924  GUCA2B; guanylate cyclase activator 2B [KO:K25556]
103670935  [KO:K04632]
103670936  [KO:K04632]
103670959  MC3R; melanocortin receptor 3 [KO:K04201]
103671018  AVPR1B; vasopressin V1b receptor [KO:K04227]
103671056  IGF2; insulin-like growth factor II isoform X1 [KO:K13769]
103671685  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103671770  LHCGR; lutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone receptor [KO:K04248]
103671771  FSHR; follicle-stimulating hormone receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04247]
103671879  ADRA2B; alpha-2B adrenergic receptor [KO:K04139]
103672317  ESR2; estrogen receptor beta isoform X1 [KO:K08551]
103672556  GAST; gastrin [KO:K13768]
103672570  [KO:K11224]
103672571  STAT5A; signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A isoform X1 [KO:K11223]
103672573  STAT3; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04692]
103672628  RAMP2; receptor activity-modifying protein 2 [KO:K08448]
103672837  GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826]
103673285  ADRA1A; alpha-1A adrenergic receptor [KO:K04135]
103673295  GNRH1; progonadoliberin-1 [KO:K05252]
103673552  [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
103673898  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534]
103673916  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103674097  MCHR1; melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 [KO:K04320]
103674178  SLC16A2; monocarboxylate transporter 8 [KO:K08231]
103674386  [KO:K05252]
103674425  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
103674426  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
103674505  PDYN; proenkephalin-B [KO:K15840]
103674521  [KO:K05242]
103674534  ADRA1D; alpha-1D adrenergic receptor [KO:K04137]
103674562  RAMP3; receptor activity-modifying protein 3 [KO:K08449]
103674675  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103674803  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
103674825  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
103674846  UCN2; urocortin-2 [KO:K05257]
103675000  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
103675060  APPL1; DCC-interacting protein 13-alpha [KO:K08733]
103675120  PTH1R; parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04585]
103675162  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
103675532  AMHR2; anti-Muellerian hormone type-2 receptor [KO:K04672] [EC:2.7.11.30]
103675595  RAPGEF3; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 [KO:K08014]
103675618  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103675708  ADIPOR2; adiponectin receptor protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07297]
103675870  MCHR2; melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 2 [KO:K05054]
103675956  PNOC; prepronociceptin [KO:K25696]
103675996  MC4R; melanocortin receptor 4 [KO:K04202]
103676039  SST; somatostatin [KO:K05237]
103676047  ADIPOQ; adiponectin [KO:K07296]
103676077  THPO; thrombopoietin isoform X1 [KO:K06854]
103676121  GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04538]
103676125  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103676206  GHSR; growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 [KO:K04284]
103676235  UCN3; urocortin-3 [KO:K05257]
103676308  INSR; insulin receptor [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103676495  IGF1; insulin-like growth factor I isoform X1 [KO:K05459]
103676498  PMCH; pro-MCH [KO:K05229]
103676547  SSTR3; somatostatin receptor type 3 [KO:K04219]
103676631  [KO:K05424]
103676755  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04539]
103677019  SLC16A10; monocarboxylate transporter 10 [KO:K08187]
103677422  OPRK1; kappa-type opioid receptor [KO:K04214]
103677446  PENK; proenkephalin-A [KO:K18832]
103677518  CRH; corticoliberin [KO:K05256]
103677708  AGTR2; type-2 angiotensin II receptor [KO:K04167]
103677772  GUCY2C; heat-stable enterotoxin receptor [KO:K12320] [EC:4.6.1.2]
103677807  SLCO1C1; solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1 isoform X1 [KO:K08747]
103677842  [KO:K08039]
103677877  SSTR4; somatostatin receptor type 4 [KO:K04220]
103677908  BMPR1B; bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1B isoform X2 [KO:K13578] [EC:2.7.11.30]
103678133  AGTR1; type-1 angiotensin II receptor [KO:K04166]
103678196  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
103678373  PRL; prolactin [KO:K05439]
103678407  [KO:K04280]
103678592  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103678657  GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
103678709  EPOR; erythropoietin receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05079]
103678807  DRD3; D(3) dopamine receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04146]
103678826  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103679175  GNRHR; gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04280]
103679250  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103679331  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X2 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103679379  [KO:K12332]
103679400  [KO:K12332]
103679549  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
103679770  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K17446]
103680318  VIPR1; vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 1 [KO:K04589]
103680340  CCK; cholecystokinin [KO:K05226]
103680475  [KO:K04227]
103680476  MC2R; adrenocorticotropic hormone receptor [KO:K04200]
103680477  MC5R; melanocortin receptor 5 [KO:K04203]
103680883  GLP1R; glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor [KO:K04581]
103680927  [KO:K04227]
103680928  [KO:K04227]
103681146  HEPH; hephaestin isoform X4 [KO:K14735] [EC:1.16.3.1]
103681439  CCKBR; gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor [KO:K04195]
103681653  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
103681670  GNA15; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-15 [KO:K04637]
103681779  STK11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 isoform X1 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103681813  GNA11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 [KO:K04635]
103681988  THRB; thyroid hormone receptor beta [KO:K08362]
103682042  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
103682158  GNG14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 isoform X1 [KO:K04347]
103682183  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
103682370  PTH; parathyroid hormone [KO:K05261]
103682377  [KO:K12332]
103682498  [KO:K23106]
121099746  [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
121099769  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
121100217  MLNR; motilin receptor [KO:K05266]
121100956  UCN; urocortin [KO:K23142]
121100998  [KO:K04139]
121101079  POMC; pro-opiomelanocortin [KO:K05228]
121101279  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
121101313  ADRB1; beta-1 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04141]
121101404  [KO:K04140]
121101419  [KO:K04140]
121102044  AVPR2; vasopressin V2 receptor [KO:K04228]
121102387  OXTR; oxytocin receptor [KO:K04229]
121102581  AMH; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: muellerian-inhibiting factor [KO:K04665]
121104347  PRLH; prolactin-releasing peptide [KO:K05269]
121104541  OXT; oxytocin-neurophysin 1 [KO:K05243]
121104724  DRD4; D(4) dopamine receptor [KO:K04147]
121104944  GCGR; glucagon receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04583]
121105642  ADRB3; beta-3 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04143]
Compound
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00788  L-Adrenaline
C00942  3',5'-Cyclic GMP
C00951  Estradiol-17beta
C01829  Thyroxine
C02017  Corticotropin
C02210  beta-Endorphin
C02465  Triiodothyronine
C02758  alpha-Melanotropin
C03758  Dopamine
C14818  Fe2+
C14819  Fe3+
C16000  Urodilatin
C16048  Glucagon-like peptide 1
C16125  Calcitonin gene-related peptide 1
C16126  Calcitonin gene-related peptide 2
C16136  beta-Melanotropin
C16137  gamma-Melanotropin
Reference
PMID:36147745
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Trubacova R, Drastichova Z, Novotny J
  Title
Biochemical and physiological insights into TRH receptor-mediated signaling.
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Front Cell Dev Biol 10:981452 (2022)
DOI:10.3389/fcell.2022.981452
Reference
PMID:33708174
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Velez EJ, Unniappan S
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A Comparative Update on the Neuroendocrine Regulation of Growth Hormone in Vertebrates.
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Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 11:614981 (2020)
DOI:10.3389/fendo.2020.614981
Reference
PMID:38203605
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Kumar U
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Somatostatin and Somatostatin Receptors in Tumour Biology.
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Int J Mol Sci 25:ijms25010436 (2023)
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Reference
PMID:29977499
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Kahnamouyi S, Nouri M, Farzadi L, Darabi M, Hosseini V, Mehdizadeh A
  Title
The role of mitogen-activated protein kinase-extracellular receptor kinase pathway in female fertility outcomes: a focus on pituitary gonadotropins  regulation.
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Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 9:209-215 (2018)
DOI:10.1177/2042018818772775
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The Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Family: Physiology of the Stress Response.
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Physiol Rev 98:2225-2286 (2018)
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Reference
PMID:39223120
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Li Y, Yuan Q, He X, Zhang Y, You C, Wu C, Li J, Xu HE, Zhao LH
  Title
Molecular mechanism of prolactin-releasing peptide recognition and signaling via its G protein-coupled receptor.
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Cell Discov 10:91 (2024)
DOI:10.1038/s41421-024-00724-6
Reference
PMID:30002617
  Authors
Wang C, Wang Q, Ji B, Pan Y, Xu C, Cheng B, Bai B, Chen J
  Title
The Orexin/Receptor System: Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Potential for Neurological Diseases.
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Front Mol Neurosci 11:220 (2018)
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Reference
PMID:29992190
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Bencze J, Pocsai K, Murnyak B, Gergely PA, Juhasz B, Szilvassy Z, Hortobagyi T
  Title
The Melanin-concentrating Hormone System in Human, Rodent and Avian Brain.
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Open Med (Wars) 13:264-269 (2018)
DOI:10.1515/med-2018-0040
Reference
PMID:30359747
  Authors
Lin YT, Hsu KS
  Title
Oxytocin receptor signaling in the hippocampus: Role in regulating neuronal excitability, network oscillatory activity, synaptic plasticity and social  memory.
  Journal
Prog Neurobiol 171:1-14 (2018)
DOI:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.10.003
Reference
PMID:38418338
  Authors
Perisic M, Woolcock K, Hering A, Mendel H, Muttenthaler M
  Title
Oxytocin and vasopressin signaling in health and disease.
  Journal
Trends Biochem Sci 49:361-377 (2024)
DOI:10.1016/j.tibs.2024.01.010
Reference
PMID:37995655
  Authors
Che T, Roth BL
  Title
Molecular basis of opioid receptor signaling.
  Journal
Cell 186:5203-5219 (2023)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2023.10.029
Reference
PMID:36187113
  Authors
Jing L, Zhang Q
  Title
Intrathyroidal feedforward and feedback network regulating thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion.
  Journal
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 13:992883 (2022)
DOI:10.3389/fendo.2022.992883
Reference
PMID:33816476
  Authors
Hu B, Li H, Zhang X
  Title
A Balanced Act: The Effects of GH-GHR-IGF1 Axis on Mitochondrial Function.
  Journal
Front Cell Dev Biol 9:630248 (2021)
DOI:10.3389/fcell.2021.630248
Reference
PMID:22666216
  Authors
Gloaguen P, Crepieux P, Heitzler D, Poupon A, Reiter E
  Title
Mapping the follicle-stimulating hormone-induced signaling networks.
  Journal
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2:45 (2011)
DOI:10.3389/fendo.2011.00045
Reference
PMID:31882999
  Authors
Johnson GP, Jonas KC
  Title
Mechanistic insight into how gonadotropin hormone receptor complexes direct signalingdagger.
  Journal
Biol Reprod 102:773-783 (2020)
DOI:10.1093/biolre/ioz228
Reference
PMID:37217094
  Authors
Wu CS, Cioanca AV, Gelmi MC, Wen L, Di Girolamo N, Zhu L, Natoli R, Conway RM, Petsoglou C, Jager MJ, McCluskey PJ, Madigan MC
  Title
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Related
pathway
umr04020  Calcium signaling pathway
umr04024  cAMP signaling pathway
umr04630  JAK-STAT signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04081   

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