KEGG   PATHWAY: pgig05152
Entry
pgig05152                   Pathway                                
Name
Tuberculosis - Pteropus giganteus (Indian flying fox)
Description
Tuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. About 90% of those infected result in latent infections, and about 10% of latent infections develop active diseases when their immune system is impaired due to the age, other diseases such as AIDS or exposure to immunosuppressive drugs. TB is transmitted through the air and primarily attacks the lungs, then it can spread by the circulatory system to other parts of body. Once TB bacilli have entered the host by the respiratory route and infected macrophages in the lungs, they interfere with phagosomal maturation, antigen presentation, apoptosis and host immune system to establish persistent or latent infection.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: bacterial
Pathway map
pgig05152  Tuberculosis
pgig05152

Organism
Pteropus giganteus (Indian flying fox) [GN:pgig]
Gene
120618944  TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
120611633  TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158]
120623059  TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein [KO:K03171]
120584707  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
120587528  CASP8; caspase-8 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
120587527  CASP10; caspase-10 isoform X1 [KO:K04400] [EC:3.4.22.63]
120618435  CASP3; caspase-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
120607361  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist isoform X1 [KO:K04726]
120606950  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
120602359  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
120597089  cytochrome c, testis-specific-like [KO:K08738]
120585783  CASP9; caspase-9 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
120611595  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 [KO:K02084]
120613959  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120595669  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120619079  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120600645  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
120584396  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
120581548  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
120609540  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
120589350  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
120589558  CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
120604831  IFNG; interferon gamma [KO:K04687]
120615773  IFNGR1; interferon gamma receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05132]
120598794  IFNGR2; interferon gamma receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05133]
120583126  JAK1; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 [KO:K11217] [EC:2.7.10.2]
120619063  JAK2; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 [KO:K04447] [EC:2.7.10.2]
120587473  STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta [KO:K11220]
120620383  CIITA; MHC class II transactivator isoform X1 [KO:K08060] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120585231  RFX5; DNA-binding protein RFX5 isoform X1 [KO:K08061]
120606585  RFXANK; DNA-binding protein RFXANK isoform X1 [KO:K08062]
120610613  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: regulatory factor X-associated protein [KO:K08063]
120596171  NFYA; nuclear transcription factor Y subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08064]
120614941  NFYB; nuclear transcription factor Y subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K08065]
120614022  NFYC; nuclear transcription factor Y subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K08066]
120587583  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
120597570  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain [KO:K06752]
120597603  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain-like [KO:K06752]
120597605  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain [KO:K06752]
120597654  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO alpha chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
120597655  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 1 chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
120597657  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM alpha chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
120597658  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain [KO:K06752]
120597659  boLa class II histocompatibility antigen, DQB*0101 beta chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
120597661  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 2 chain-like [KO:K06752]
120597662  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain-like [KO:K06752]
120597678  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain-like [KO:K06752]
120597680  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 2 chain-like [KO:K06752]
120581555  CD74; HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain [KO:K06505]
120602971  EP300; histone acetyltransferase p300 isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
120620322  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: CREB-binding protein [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
120618001  IL10; interleukin-10 isoform X1 [KO:K05443]
120622040  IL10RA; interleukin-10 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05134]
120598868  IL10RB; interleukin-10 receptor subunit beta [KO:K05135]
120585211  CTSS; cathepsin S isoform X1 [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
120611743  CLEC4E; C-type lectin domain family 4 member E [KO:K10059]
120584205  FCER1G; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma [KO:K07983]
120618073  C-type lectin domain family 7 member A-like [KO:K10074]
120611719  CLEC7A; C-type lectin domain family 7 member A isoform X1 [KO:K10074]
120603636  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
120594126  SYK; tyrosine-protein kinase SYK isoform X1 [KO:K05855] [EC:2.7.10.2]
120599842  CARD9; caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 [KO:K12794]
120583290  BCL10; B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 isoform X1 [KO:K07368]
120617260  NOD2; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10165]
120614242  RIPK2; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08846] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120581191  HSPA9; stress-70 protein, mitochondrial [KO:K04043]
120587723  HSPD1; 60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial [KO:K04077] [EC:5.6.1.7]
120603378  lipopolysaccharide-binding protein-like [KO:K05399]
120603650  lipopolysaccharide-binding protein [KO:K05399]
120613273  TLR2; toll-like receptor 2 [KO:K10159]
120591225  TLR1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: toll-like receptor 1 [KO:K05398]
120591224  TLR6; toll-like receptor 6 [KO:K10169]
120605781  TLR4; toll-like receptor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K10160]
120581412  CD14; monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 [KO:K04391]
120610445  toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein isoform X1 [KO:K05403]
120586750  MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 isoform X1 [KO:K04729]
120618259  IRAK4; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120605933  IRAK1; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 [KO:K04730] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120621457  IRAK2; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-like 2 [KO:K04731] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120606104  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
120591230  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
120584840  RELA; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
120602825  MAPK12; mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
120602826  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
120597571  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
120597692  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
120606851  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
120620121  MAPK3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
120616614  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
120609636  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
120588349  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
120620943  NOS2; nitric oxide synthase, inducible [KO:K13241] [EC:1.14.13.39]
120602335  IL6; interleukin-6 isoform X1 [KO:K05405]
120598918  IL12A; interleukin-12 subunit alpha [KO:K05406]
120614142  IL12B; interleukin-12 subunit beta [KO:K05425]
120621996  IL18; interleukin-18 [KO:K05482]
120604919  IL23A; interleukin-23 subunit alpha [KO:K05426]
120593734  interleukin-1 alpha-like [KO:K04383]
120610305  IL1A; interleukin-1 alpha [KO:K04383]
120593744  IL1B; interleukin-1 beta [KO:K04519]
120603798  CEBPB; CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta [KO:K10048]
120622858  CEBPG; CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein gamma isoform X1 [KO:K10049]
120582423  toll-like receptor 9 isoform X1 [KO:K10161]
120605312  interferon alpha-4-like [KO:K05414]
120617124  interferon alpha-1-like [KO:K05414]
120606426  interferon alpha-1-like [KO:K05414]
120589528  interferon alpha-1-like [KO:K05414]
120589531  interferon alpha-5-like [KO:K05414]
120605473  IFNB1; interferon beta [KO:K05415]
120598495  CD209 antigen-like protein C isoform X1 [KO:K06563]
120599356  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: CD209 antigen-like protein C [KO:K06563]
120606003  ARHGEF12; rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 isoform X1 [KO:K07532]
120582355  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
120584598  LSP1; lymphocyte-specific protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K14957]
120619741  PLK3; serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK3 [KO:K08862] [EC:2.7.11.21]
120620939  KSR1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: kinase suppressor of Ras 1 [KO:K14958]
120621476  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
120586591  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein [KO:K13375]
120619172  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13376]
120619522  TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein [KO:K13377]
120604970  25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, mitochondrial [KO:K07438] [EC:1.14.15.18]
120618232  VDR; vitamin D3 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K08539]
120582302  cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide [KO:K13916]
120615453  C3; complement C3 [KO:K03990]
120620047  ITGAX; integrin alpha-X isoform X1 [KO:K06462]
120584403  ITGB2; integrin beta-2 [KO:K06464]
120620048  ITGAM; integrin alpha-M isoform X1 [KO:K06461]
120614645  MRC1; macrophage mannose receptor 1 [KO:K06560]
120597196  PLA2R1; secretory phospholipase A2 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K06560]
120600380  MRC2; C-type mannose receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06560]
120606967  SPHK2; sphingosine kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
120600331  SPHK1; sphingosine kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
120604475  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
120617886  CALM3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
120619605  CALM1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
120608993  calmodulin-alpha-like isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
120621675  CALM2; calmodulin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
120586191  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
120581665  RAB5A; ras-related protein Rab-5A isoform X1 [KO:K07887]
120604846  RAB5B; ras-related protein Rab-5B [KO:K07888]
120611108  RAB5C; ras-related protein Rab-5C [KO:K07889]
120607284  EEA1; early endosome antigen 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12478]
120612143  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
120584626  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
120616118  ATP6V0A2; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a2 [KO:K02154]
120584738  TCIRG1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a3 isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
120611080  ATP6V0A1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a1 isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
120600989  ATP6V0A4; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
120585571  ATP6V0D2; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 2 [KO:K02146]
120623071  ATP6V0D1; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02146]
120607248  ATP6V1H; V-type proton ATPase subunit H isoform X1 [KO:K02144]
120605892  ATP6AP1; V-type proton ATPase subunit S1 [KO:K03662]
120620277  ATP6V0C; V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K02155]
120619469  ATP6V0B; V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit isoform X1 [KO:K03661]
120615616  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
120599890  LAMP2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06528]
120591098  PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
120606631  PPP3CC; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
120609542  PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
120594548  PPP3R1; calcineurin subunit B type 1 [KO:K06268]
120596960  PPP3R2; calcineurin subunit B type 2 [KO:K06268]
120620124  CORO1A; coronin-1A isoform X1 [KO:K13882]
120585164  FCGR1A; high affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I isoform X1 [KO:K06498]
120584192  low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-like isoform X1 [KO:K12560]
120584194  low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-B-like isoform X1 [KO:K06463]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00338  Lipopolysaccharide
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C01561  Calcidiol
C01673  Calcitriol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
C19190  Trehalose-6,6'-dibehenate
C21790  Mycobacterial trehalose dimycolate
G13101  Lipomannan
G13105  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol pentamannoside
G13106  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol hexamannoside
G13108  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol dimannoside
G13109  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol dimannoside
G13112  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol hexamannoside
G13113  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol pentamannoside
G13114  Lipoarabinomannan
G13115  Mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan
Reference
PMID:21274449
  Authors
Saiga H, Shimada Y, Takeda K
  Title
Innate immune effectors in mycobacterial infection.
  Journal
Clin Dev Immunol 2011:347594 (2011)
DOI:10.1155/2011/347594
Reference
PMID:20415982
  Authors
Dheda K, Schwander SK, Zhu B, van Zyl-Smit RN, Zhang Y
  Title
The immunology of tuberculosis: from bench to bedside.
  Journal
Respirology 15:433-50 (2010)
DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2010.01739.x
Reference
PMID:11932234
  Authors
van Crevel R, Ottenhoff TH, van der Meer JW
  Title
Innate immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  Journal
Clin Microbiol Rev 15:294-309 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/CMR.15.2.294-309.2002
Reference
PMID:18288961
  Authors
Torrelles JB, Azad AK, Henning LN, Carlson TK, Schlesinger LS
  Title
Role of C-type lectins in mycobacterial infections.
  Journal
Curr Drug Targets 9:102-12 (2008)
DOI:10.2174/138945008783502467
Reference
PMID:17359235
  Authors
Jo EK, Yang CS, Choi CH, Harding CV
  Title
Intracellular signalling cascades regulating innate immune responses to Mycobacteria: branching out from Toll-like receptors.
  Journal
Cell Microbiol 9:1087-98 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00914.x
Reference
PMID:21274433
  Authors
Marakalala MJ, Graham LM, Brown GD
  Title
The role of Syk/CARD9-coupled C-type lectin receptors in immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.
  Journal
Clin Dev Immunol 2010:567571 (2010)
DOI:10.1155/2010/567571
Reference
PMID:15083155
  Authors
Koul A, Herget T, Klebl B, Ullrich A
  Title
Interplay between mycobacteria and host signalling pathways.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 2:189-202 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro840
Reference
PMID:20199890
  Authors
Torrelles JB, Schlesinger LS
  Title
Diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis mannosylated cell wall determinants impacts adaptation to the host.
  Journal
Tuberculosis (Edinb) 90:84-93 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.tube.2010.02.003
Reference
PMID:15228522
  Authors
Briken V, Porcelli SA, Besra GS, Kremer L
  Title
Mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan and related lipoglycans: from biogenesis to modulation of the immune response.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 53:391-403 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04183.x
Reference
PMID:19563525
  Authors
Baena A, Porcelli SA
  Title
Evasion and subversion of antigen presentation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  Journal
Tissue Antigens 74:189-204 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01301.x
Reference
PMID:19369951
  Authors
Flannagan RS, Cosio G, Grinstein S
  Title
Antimicrobial mechanisms of phagocytes and bacterial evasion strategies.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 7:355-66 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2128
Reference
PMID:18541216
  Authors
Pieters J
  Title
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the macrophage: maintaining a balance.
  Journal
Cell Host Microbe 3:399-407 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2008.05.006
Reference
PMID:19634703
  Authors
Scherr N, Jayachandran R, Mueller P, Pieters J
  Title
Interference of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with macrophage responses.
  Journal
Indian J Exp Biol 47:401-6 (2009)
Reference
PMID:16200082
  Authors
Reith W, LeibundGut-Landmann S, Waldburger JM.
  Title
Regulation of MHC class II gene expression by the class II transactivator.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 5:793-806 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nri1708
Reference
PMID:17785780
  Authors
Rothfuchs AG, Bafica A, Feng CG, Egen JG, Williams DL, Brown GD, Sher A
  Title
Dectin-1 interaction with Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to enhanced IL-12p40 production by splenic dendritic cells.
  Journal
J Immunol 179:3463-71 (2007)
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.179.6.3463
Reference
PMID:18407066
  Authors
Master SS, Rampini SK, Davis AS, Keller C, Ehlers S, Springer B, Timmins GS, Sander P, Deretic V
  Title
Mycobacterium tuberculosis prevents inflammasome activation.
  Journal
Cell Host Microbe 3:224-32 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2008.03.003
Reference
PMID:11378475
  Authors
Shtrichman R, Samuel CE
  Title
The role of gamma interferon in antimicrobial immunity.
  Journal
Curr Opin Microbiol 4:251-9 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S1369-5274(00)00199-5
Related
pathway
pgig04010  MAPK signaling pathway
pgig04210  Apoptosis
pgig04612  Antigen processing and presentation
pgig04620  Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
pgig04621  NOD-like receptor signaling pathway
pgig04630  JAK-STAT signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05152   
LinkDB

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