KEGG   PATHWAY: umr05152
Entry
umr05152                    Pathway                                
Name
Tuberculosis - Ursus maritimus (polar bear)
Description
Tuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. About 90% of those infected result in latent infections, and about 10% of latent infections develop active diseases when their immune system is impaired due to the age, other diseases such as AIDS or exposure to immunosuppressive drugs. TB is transmitted through the air and primarily attacks the lungs, then it can spread by the circulatory system to other parts of body. Once TB bacilli have entered the host by the respiratory route and infected macrophages in the lungs, they interfere with phagosomal maturation, antigen presentation, apoptosis and host immune system to establish persistent or latent infection.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: bacterial
Pathway map
umr05152  Tuberculosis
umr05152

Organism
Ursus maritimus (polar bear) [GN:umr]
Gene
103682322  TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
103656234  TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A isoform X1 [KO:K03158]
103673673  TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein isoform X1 [KO:K03171]
103671072  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
103659742  CASP8; caspase-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
103659739  CASP10; caspase-10 isoform X1 [KO:K04400] [EC:3.4.22.63]
103680991  CASP3; caspase-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
103675694  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist [KO:K04726]
103657107  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
103658902  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
103662923  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
121104237  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome c, testis-specific-like [KO:K08738]
103666628  CASP9; caspase-9 isoform X2 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
103660136  APAF1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 [KO:K02084]
103666688  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103661038  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103676878  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103679423  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
103676164  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
103661761  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X3 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
103664598  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
103668027  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
103674683  CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
103656858  IFNG; interferon gamma [KO:K04687]
103663370  IFNGR1; interferon gamma receptor 1 [KO:K05132]
103673221  IFNGR2; interferon gamma receptor 2 [KO:K05133]
103663059  JAK1; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 [KO:K11217] [EC:2.7.10.2]
103663212  JAK2; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 isoform X1 [KO:K04447] [EC:2.7.10.2]
103659933  STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta isoform X1 [KO:K11220]
103668824  CIITA; MHC class II transactivator isoform X2 [KO:K08060] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103667516  RFX5; DNA-binding protein RFX5 isoform X1 [KO:K08061]
103674922  RFXANK; DNA-binding protein RFXANK [KO:K08062]
103664419  regulatory factor X-associated protein [KO:K08063]
103664107  NFYA; nuclear transcription factor Y subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08064]
103676483  NFYB; nuclear transcription factor Y subunit beta [KO:K08065]
103670850  NFYC; nuclear transcription factor Y subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K08066]
103659802  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
103665506  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO alpha chain [KO:K06752]
103665508  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM alpha chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
103665509  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
103665516  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
103665517  DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain-like [KO:K06752]
103665518  boLa class II histocompatibility antigen, DQB*0101 beta chain-like [KO:K06752]
103665519  SLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ haplotype D alpha chain [KO:K06752]
103665521  DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain [KO:K06752]
103665522  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain [KO:K06752]
103665562  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain [KO:K06752]
103664818  CD74; HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain [KO:K06505]
103668810  CREB-binding protein [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
103674159  EP300; histone acetyltransferase p300 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
103657674  IL10; interleukin-10 [KO:K05443]
103662345  IL10RA; interleukin-10 receptor subunit alpha [KO:K05134]
121099743  IL10RB; interleukin-10 receptor subunit beta [KO:K05135]
103667539  CTSS; cathepsin S isoform X1 [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
103656167  C-type lectin domain family 4 member E isoform X1 [KO:K10059]
103672015  FCER1G; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma [KO:K07983]
103669135  CLEC7A; C-type lectin domain family 7 member A isoform X1 [KO:K10074]
103669776  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
103663192  SYK; tyrosine-protein kinase SYK isoform X1 [KO:K05855] [EC:2.7.10.2]
103675278  CARD9; caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 isoform X1 [KO:K12794]
103676304  MALT1; mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07369] [EC:3.4.22.-]
103662957  BCL10; B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 [KO:K07368]
103673911  NOD2; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10165]
103661470  RIPK2; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08846] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103663946  HSPA9; stress-70 protein, mitochondrial [KO:K04043]
103659711  HSPD1; 60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial [KO:K04077] [EC:5.6.1.7]
103669764  lipopolysaccharide-binding protein-like isoform X1 [KO:K05399]
103669766  lipopolysaccharide-binding protein [KO:K05399]
103658031  toll-like receptor 2 [KO:K10159]
103672667  TLR6; toll-like receptor 6 [KO:K10169]
103670382  TLR4; toll-like receptor 4 [KO:K10160]
103663749  CD14; monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 isoform X1 [KO:K04391]
103660655  toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein isoform X1 [KO:K05403]
103680724  MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 isoform X1 [KO:K04729]
103675405  IRAK4; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103679690  IRAK1; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 [KO:K04730] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103669562  IRAK2; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-like 2 [KO:K04731] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103659308  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
103677947  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
103679584  RELA; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
103674115  MAPK12; mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103665451  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103665538  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103674004  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103669286  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103657827  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103676947  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103679990  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103667893  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103667420  NOS2; nitric oxide synthase, inducible [KO:K13241] [EC:1.14.13.39]
103658871  IL6; interleukin-6 [KO:K05405]
103681335  IL12A; interleukin-12 subunit alpha [KO:K05406]
103664531  IL12B; interleukin-12 subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K05425]
103662382  IL18; interleukin-18 [KO:K05482]
103656219  IL23A; interleukin-23 subunit alpha [KO:K05426]
103671864  IL1A; interleukin-1 alpha [KO:K04383]
103671495  IL1B; interleukin-1 beta isoform X2 [KO:K04519]
121104619  CEBPB; CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta [KO:K10048]
103679641  CEBPG; CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein gamma [KO:K10049]
103662147  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
103662148  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
103662149  interferon alpha-2-like [KO:K05414]
103680385  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
103680386  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
103666985  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
121103043  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
103662150  IFNB1; interferon beta [KO:K05415]
103681734  CD209; CD209 antigen isoform X1 [KO:K06563]
103662491  ARHGEF12; rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 isoform X1 [KO:K07532]
103674825  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
103671050  LSP1; lymphocyte-specific protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K14957]
103670899  PLK3; serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK3 [KO:K08862] [EC:2.7.11.21]
103667421  KSR1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: kinase suppressor of Ras 1 [KO:K14958]
103669540  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103677394  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13375]
103658194  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13376]
103670922  TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein [KO:K13377]
103656705  25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, mitochondrial [KO:K07438] [EC:1.14.15.18]
103675426  VDR; vitamin D3 receptor [KO:K08539]
103674860  cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide [KO:K13916]
103681871  C3; complement C3 [KO:K03990]
103672539  complement receptor type 1-like [KO:K04011]
103657891  integrin alpha-X [KO:K06462]
103680739  ITGB2; integrin beta-2 [KO:K06464]
103657890  ITGAM; integrin alpha-M isoform X1 [KO:K06461]
103659863  PLA2R1; secretory phospholipase A2 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K06560]
103664212  MRC1; macrophage mannose receptor 1 [KO:K06560]
103665895  MRC2; C-type mannose receptor 2 [KO:K06560]
103657238  SPHK2; sphingosine kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
103665951  SPHK1; sphingosine kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
103670304  CALM1; calmodulin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
103682041  CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 [KO:K02183]
103676238  calmodulin [KO:K02183]
103676239  CALML3; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K02183]
103671240  CALM2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]
103679049  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X3 [KO:K02183]
103657204  CALM3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
103663663  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
103679620  RAB5A; ras-related protein Rab-5A [KO:K07887]
103682516  RAB5B; ras-related protein Rab-5B [KO:K07888]
103672568  RAB5C; ras-related protein Rab-5C [KO:K07889]
103660095  EEA1; early endosome antigen 1 [KO:K12478]
103669493  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
103671118  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
103661250  ATP6V0A2; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a2 [KO:K02154]
103669049  ATP6V0A4; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a [KO:K02154]
103672574  ATP6V0A1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a1 isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
103679623  TCIRG1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a3 [KO:K02154]
103661399  ATP6V0D2; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 2 [KO:K02146]
103673659  ATP6V0D1; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 1 [KO:K02146]
103677423  ATP6V1H; V-type proton ATPase subunit H [KO:K02144]
103679685  ATP6AP1; V-type proton ATPase subunit S1 [KO:K03662]
103668497  ATP6V0C; V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K02155]
103670801  ATP6V0B; V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit isoform X1 [KO:K03661]
103657524  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
103680234  LAMP2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06528]
103673318  PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
103677943  PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
103667825  PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
103678534  PPP3R2; calcineurin subunit B type 2 [KO:K06268]
103671340  PPP3R1; calcineurin subunit B type 1 [KO:K06268]
103657826  CORO1A; coronin-1A [KO:K13882]
103667577  FCGR1A; high affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I [KO:K06498]
103658249  FCGR2B; low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b [KO:K12560]
103658250  low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-B isoform X1 [KO:K06463]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00338  Lipopolysaccharide
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C01561  Calcidiol
C01673  Calcitriol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
C19190  Trehalose-6,6'-dibehenate
C21790  Mycobacterial trehalose dimycolate
G13101  Lipomannan
G13105  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol pentamannoside
G13106  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol hexamannoside
G13108  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol dimannoside
G13109  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol dimannoside
G13112  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol hexamannoside
G13113  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol pentamannoside
G13114  Lipoarabinomannan
G13115  Mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan
Reference
PMID:21274449
  Authors
Saiga H, Shimada Y, Takeda K
  Title
Innate immune effectors in mycobacterial infection.
  Journal
Clin Dev Immunol 2011:347594 (2011)
DOI:10.1155/2011/347594
Reference
PMID:20415982
  Authors
Dheda K, Schwander SK, Zhu B, van Zyl-Smit RN, Zhang Y
  Title
The immunology of tuberculosis: from bench to bedside.
  Journal
Respirology 15:433-50 (2010)
DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2010.01739.x
Reference
PMID:11932234
  Authors
van Crevel R, Ottenhoff TH, van der Meer JW
  Title
Innate immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  Journal
Clin Microbiol Rev 15:294-309 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/CMR.15.2.294-309.2002
Reference
PMID:18288961
  Authors
Torrelles JB, Azad AK, Henning LN, Carlson TK, Schlesinger LS
  Title
Role of C-type lectins in mycobacterial infections.
  Journal
Curr Drug Targets 9:102-12 (2008)
DOI:10.2174/138945008783502467
Reference
PMID:17359235
  Authors
Jo EK, Yang CS, Choi CH, Harding CV
  Title
Intracellular signalling cascades regulating innate immune responses to Mycobacteria: branching out from Toll-like receptors.
  Journal
Cell Microbiol 9:1087-98 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00914.x
Reference
PMID:21274433
  Authors
Marakalala MJ, Graham LM, Brown GD
  Title
The role of Syk/CARD9-coupled C-type lectin receptors in immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.
  Journal
Clin Dev Immunol 2010:567571 (2010)
DOI:10.1155/2010/567571
Reference
PMID:15083155
  Authors
Koul A, Herget T, Klebl B, Ullrich A
  Title
Interplay between mycobacteria and host signalling pathways.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 2:189-202 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro840
Reference
PMID:20199890
  Authors
Torrelles JB, Schlesinger LS
  Title
Diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis mannosylated cell wall determinants impacts adaptation to the host.
  Journal
Tuberculosis (Edinb) 90:84-93 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.tube.2010.02.003
Reference
PMID:15228522
  Authors
Briken V, Porcelli SA, Besra GS, Kremer L
  Title
Mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan and related lipoglycans: from biogenesis to modulation of the immune response.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 53:391-403 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04183.x
Reference
PMID:19563525
  Authors
Baena A, Porcelli SA
  Title
Evasion and subversion of antigen presentation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  Journal
Tissue Antigens 74:189-204 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01301.x
Reference
PMID:19369951
  Authors
Flannagan RS, Cosio G, Grinstein S
  Title
Antimicrobial mechanisms of phagocytes and bacterial evasion strategies.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 7:355-66 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2128
Reference
PMID:18541216
  Authors
Pieters J
  Title
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the macrophage: maintaining a balance.
  Journal
Cell Host Microbe 3:399-407 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2008.05.006
Reference
PMID:19634703
  Authors
Scherr N, Jayachandran R, Mueller P, Pieters J
  Title
Interference of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with macrophage responses.
  Journal
Indian J Exp Biol 47:401-6 (2009)
Reference
PMID:16200082
  Authors
Reith W, LeibundGut-Landmann S, Waldburger JM.
  Title
Regulation of MHC class II gene expression by the class II transactivator.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 5:793-806 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nri1708
Reference
PMID:17785780
  Authors
Rothfuchs AG, Bafica A, Feng CG, Egen JG, Williams DL, Brown GD, Sher A
  Title
Dectin-1 interaction with Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to enhanced IL-12p40 production by splenic dendritic cells.
  Journal
J Immunol 179:3463-71 (2007)
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.179.6.3463
Reference
PMID:18407066
  Authors
Master SS, Rampini SK, Davis AS, Keller C, Ehlers S, Springer B, Timmins GS, Sander P, Deretic V
  Title
Mycobacterium tuberculosis prevents inflammasome activation.
  Journal
Cell Host Microbe 3:224-32 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2008.03.003
Reference
PMID:11378475
  Authors
Shtrichman R, Samuel CE
  Title
The role of gamma interferon in antimicrobial immunity.
  Journal
Curr Opin Microbiol 4:251-9 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S1369-5274(00)00199-5
Related
pathway
umr04010  MAPK signaling pathway
umr04210  Apoptosis
umr04612  Antigen processing and presentation
umr04620  Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
umr04621  NOD-like receptor signaling pathway
umr04630  JAK-STAT signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05152   
LinkDB

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