Entry Name Toll-like receptor signaling pathway - Rattus norvegicus (rat)
Description Specific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting microbial pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-bound receptors identified as homologs of Toll in Drosophila. Mammalian TLRs are expressed on innate immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, and respond to the membrane components of Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. Pathogen recognition by TLRs provokes rapid activation of innate immunity by inducing production of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of costimulatory molecules. TLR signaling pathways are separated into two groups: a MyD88-dependent pathway that leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines with quick activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK, and a MyD88-independent pathway associated with the induction of IFN-beta and IFN-inducible genes, and maturation of dendritic cells with slow activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK.
Class Organismal Systems; Immune systemBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map rno04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
Organism Rattus norvegicus (rat) [GN:
rno ]
Gene 170911 Pik3ca; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
171369 Cd40; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 precursor [KO:K03160 ]
245920 Cxcl10; C-X-C motif chemokine 10 precursor [KO:K12671 ]
25124 Stat1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta isoform beta [KO:K11220 ]
25408 Cd80; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80 [KO:K05412 ]
25513 Pik3r1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha [KO:K02649 ]
25542 Ccl3; C-C motif chemokine 3 precursor [KO:K05408 ]
266610 Fadd; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373 ]
288264 Ifnar1; interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K05130 ]
288774 Stat2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 [KO:K11221 ]
29469 Lbp; lipopolysaccharide-binding protein precursor [KO:K05399 ]
29741 Pik3r2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
298213 Ifna2; interferon alpha family, gene 2 precursor [KO:K05414 ]
301059 Myd88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729 ]
305236 Cxcl11; C-X-C motif chemokine 11 precursor [KO:K12672 ]
308267 Tab2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 [KO:K04404 ]
315139 Tab1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 [KO:K04403 ]
363328 Ticam1; TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 1 [KO:K05842 ]
363855 Map2k7; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 isoform 1 [KO:K04431 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
363875 Rac1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 [KO:K04392 ]
364867 Ticam2; TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 2 [KO:K05409 ]
366508 Pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
500491 Ifna16l1; interferon, alpha 16-like 1 precursor [KO:K05414 ]
502959 Ifna1l1; similar to put. precursor MuIFN-alpha 5 precursor [KO:K05414 ]
502961 Ifna4l2; similar to Interferon alpha-1 precursor [KO:K05414 ]
56822 Cd86; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 precursor [KO:K05413 ]
58960 Map2k2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
60350 Cd14; monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 precursor [KO:K04391 ]
60664 Pik3r3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
64546 Il12b; interleukin-12 subunit beta precursor [KO:K05425 ]
680127 Tirap; toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein [KO:K05403 ]
686326 Ifnar2; interferon alpha and beta receptor subunit 2 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K05131 ]
690894 Ifna1; interferon alpha family, gene 5 precursor [KO:K05414 ]
81736 Nfkb1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform 2 [KO:K02580 ]
81780 Ccl5; C-C motif chemokine 5 precursor [KO:K12499 ]
84405 Il12a; interleukin-12 subunit alpha precursor [KO:K05406 ]
85243 Pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
Reference Authors Kawai T, Akira S.
Title TLR signaling.
Journal Reference Authors O'Neill LA, Bowie AG.
Title The family of five: TIR-domain-containing adaptors in Toll-like receptor signalling.
Journal Reference Authors Honda K, Taniguchi T.
Title IRFs: master regulators of signalling by Toll-like receptors and cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors.
Journal Reference Authors Uematsu S, Akira S.
Title Toll-like receptors and Type I interferons.
Journal Reference Authors Akira S, Uematsu S, Takeuchi O.
Title Pathogen recognition and innate immunity.
Journal Reference Authors Yamamoto M, Takeda K, Akira S.
Title TIR domain-containing adaptors define the specificity of TLR signaling.
Journal Reference Authors Means TK, Hayashi F, Smith KD, Aderem A, Luster AD.
Title The Toll-like receptor 5 stimulus bacterial flagellin induces maturation and chemokine production in human dendritic cells.
Journal Reference Authors Aderem A, Smith KD.
Title A systems approach to dissecting immunity and inflammation.
Journal Reference Authors Banerjee A, Gerondakis S.
Title Coordinating TLR-activated signaling pathways in cells of the immune system.
Journal Reference Authors Loniewski KJ, Patial S, Parameswaran N.
Title Sensitivity of TLR4- and -7-induced NF kappa B1 p105-TPL2-ERK pathway to TNF-receptor-associated-factor-6 revealed by RNAi in mouse macrophages.
Journal Reference Authors Arbibe L, Mira JP, Teusch N, Kline L, Guha M, Mackman N, Godowski PJ, Ulevitch RJ, Knaus UG.
Title Toll-like receptor 2-mediated NF-kappa B activation requires a Rac1-dependent pathway.
Journal Reference Authors Uematsu S, Akira S.
Title Toll-like receptors and innate immunity.
Journal Related rno04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
rno04610 Complement and coagulation cascades
KO pathway
