Entry
Name
Influenza A - Ovis aries (sheep)
Description
Influenza is a contagious respiratory disease caused by influenza virus infection. Influenza A virus is responsible for both annual seasonal epidemics and periodic worldwide pandemics. Novel strains that cause pandemics arise from avian influenza virus by genetic reassortment among influenza viruses and two surface glycoproteins HA and NA form the basis of serologically distinct virus types. The innate immune system recognizes invaded virus through multiple mechanisms. Viral non-structural NS1 protein is a multifunctional virulence factor that interfere IFN-mediated antiviral response. It inhibits IFN production by blocking activation of transcription factors such as NF-kappa B and IRF3. NS1 further inhibits the activation of IFN-induced antiviral genes. PB1-F2 protein is another virulence factor that induce apoptosis of infected cells, which results in life-threatening bronchiolitis.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: viral
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Organism
Ovis aries (sheep) [GN:
oas ]
Gene
101121197 TMPRSS4; transmembrane protease serine 4 isoform X2 [KO:K09635 ] [EC:3.4.21.-]
101120751 TMPRSS11D; transmembrane protease serine 11D [KO:K09641 ] [EC:3.4.21.-]
101121673 EIF2AK2; interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K16195 ] [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
101113414 EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237 ]
105603981 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1-like [KO:K03237 ]
101119838 MAVS; mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein isoform X1 [KO:K12648 ]
780484 IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X2 [KO:K07209 ] [EC:2.7.11.10 ]
101108228 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X2 [KO:K02580 ]
101114034 CALCOCO2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K21348 ]
678682 MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729 ]
443064 IL12A; interleukin-12 subunit alpha precursor [KO:K05406 ]
443472 IL12B; interleukin-12 subunit beta precursor [KO:K05425 ]
442997 CXCL10; C-X-C motif chemokine 10 precursor [KO:K12671 ]
443045 ICAM1; intercellular adhesion molecule 1 precursor [KO:K06490 ]
443126 IFNAR1; interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 precursor [KO:K05130 ]
443363 IFNAR2; interferon alpha/beta receptor 2 precursor [KO:K05131 ]
100307049 STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta [KO:K11220 ]
101108211 STAT2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11221 ]
443146 MX1; interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx1 [KO:K14754 ]
780441 MX2; interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx2 [KO:K14754 ]
101108696 SLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ haplotype D alpha chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
101108962 DQA; HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 2 chain precursor [KO:K06752 ]
101119342 OVAR-DRB1; DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain-like precursor [KO:K06752 ]
101109747 mamu class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain-like precursor [KO:K06752 ]
101108961 DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain-like isoform X2 [KO:K06752 ]
101109219 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752 ]
101109746 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain isoform X2 [KO:K06752 ]
101110545 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO alpha chain [KO:K06752 ]
101116099 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM alpha chain isoform X2 [KO:K06752 ]
101114758 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain [KO:K06752 ]
101118514 boLa class II histocompatibility antigen, DQB*0101 beta chain isoform X2 [KO:K06752 ]
101120392 boLa class II histocompatibility antigen, DQB*0101 beta chain isoform X2 [KO:K06752 ]
101115073 rano class II histocompatibility antigen, A beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752 ]
101107699 NLRP3; NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12800 ]
101105208 apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD [KO:K12799 ]
101123247 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
101111546 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X2 [KO:K02649 ]
101121455 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X3 [KO:K02649 ]
101109759 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
101110015 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
101117348 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X3 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
101114153 TNFSF10; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04721 ]
100135696 FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
100144426 FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 precursor [KO:K04390 ]
100135698 TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A precursor [KO:K03158 ]
101111042 TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein [KO:K03171 ]
100145866 VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862 ]
100135699 APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X2 [KO:K02084 ]
105604798 CPSF4; cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4 isoform X4 [KO:K14404 ]
105608566 PABPN1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: polyadenylate-binding protein 2 [KO:K14396 ]
101116890 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear RNA export factor 3-like [KO:K14284 ]
105601901 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear RNA export factor 3-like [KO:K14284 ]
101122300 HNRNPUL1; heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15047 ]
101117360 NUP98; nuclear pore complex protein Nup98-Nup96 isoform X1 [KO:K14297 ]
101115013 RSAD2; S-adenosylmethionine-dependent nucleotide dehydratase RSAD2 [KO:K15045 ]
Compound
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Edinger TO, Pohl MO, Stertz S
Title
Entry of influenza A virus: host factors and antiviral targets.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kido H, Okumura Y, Takahashi E, Pan HY, Wang S, Chida J, Le TQ, Yano M
Title
Host envelope glycoprotein processing proteases are indispensable for entry into human cells by seasonal and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses.
Journal
J Mol Genet Med 3:167-75 (2008)
Reference
Authors
Ramakrishnan B, Viswanathan K, Tharakaraman K, Dancik V, Raman R, Babcock GJ, Shriver Z, Sasisekharan R
Title
A Structural and Mathematical Modeling Analysis of the Likelihood of Antibody-Dependent Enhancement in Influenza.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Thanh TT, van Doorn HR, de Jong MD
Title
Human H5N1 influenza: current insight into pathogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Michael P, Brabant D, Bleiblo F, Ramana CV, Rutherford M, Khurana S, Tai TC, Kumar A, Kumar A
Title
Influenza A induced cellular signal transduction pathways.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hale BG, Albrecht RA, Garcia-Sastre A
Title
Innate immune evasion strategies of influenza viruses.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sharma K, Tripathi S, Ranjan P, Kumar P, Garten R, Deyde V, Katz JM, Cox NJ, Lal RB, Sambhara S, Lal SK
Title
Influenza A virus nucleoprotein exploits Hsp40 to inhibit PKR activation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ehrhardt C, Seyer R, Hrincius ER, Eierhoff T, Wolff T, Ludwig S
Title
Interplay between influenza A virus and the innate immune signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
van de Sandt CE, Kreijtz JH, Rimmelzwaan GF
Title
Evasion of influenza A viruses from innate and adaptive immune responses.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Long JS, Mistry B, Haslam SM, Barclay WS
Title
Host and viral determinants of influenza A virus species specificity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chen X, Liu S, Goraya MU, Maarouf M, Huang S, Chen JL
Title
Host Immune Response to Influenza A Virus Infection.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lu X, Masic A, Li Y, Shin Y, Liu Q, Zhou Y
Title
The PI3K/Akt pathway inhibits influenza A virus-induced Bax-mediated apoptosis by negatively regulating the JNK pathway via ASK1.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ichinohe T, Iwasaki A, Hasegawa H
Title
Innate sensors of influenza virus: clues to developing better intranasal vaccines.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Sage V, Cinti A, Amorim R, Mouland AJ
Title
Adapting the Stress Response: Viral Subversion of the mTOR Signaling Pathway.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Fan Y, Sanyal S, Bruzzone R
Title
Breaking Bad: How Viruses Subvert the Cell Cycle.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Varga ZT, Palese P
Title
The influenza A virus protein PB1-F2: killing two birds with one stone?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Atkin-Smith GK, Duan M, Chen W, Poon IKH
Title
The induction and consequences of Influenza A virus-induced cell death.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Nogales A, Martinez-Sobrido L, Topham DJ, DeDiego ML
Title
Modulation of Innate Immune Responses by the Influenza A NS1 and PA-X Proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dai X, Zhang L, Hong T
Title
Host cellular signaling induced by influenza virus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Li J, Yu M, Zheng W, Liu W
Title
Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of influenza A virus proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dou D, Revol R, Ostbye H, Wang H, Daniels R
Title
Influenza A Virus Cell Entry, Replication, Virion Assembly and Movement.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Paterson D, Fodor E
Title
Emerging roles for the influenza A virus nuclear export protein (NEP).
Journal
Related pathway
oas00900 Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
oas04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
oas04621 NOD-like receptor signaling pathway
oas04622 RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway
LinkDB
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