KEGG   PATHWAY: fca04613
Entry
fca04613                    Pathway                                
Name
Neutrophil extracellular trap formation - Felis catus (domestic cat)
Description
Neutrophils play a central role in innate immune defense. One of the mechanisms of neutrophil action is the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), the extracellular structures composed of chromatin coated with histones, proteases and granular and cytosolic proteins that help catch and kill microorganisms. NETs are formed by a process known as "NETosis" that can be triggered by microorganisms and endogenous stimuli, such as damage-associated molecular patterns and immune complexes, and involves activation in most cases of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-oxidase, which produces reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recent study has reported that there are two different mechanisms of NETosis, including a lytic NETosis and a vital NETosis. Lytic NETosis begins with nuclear delobulation and the disassembly of the nuclear envelope and continues with loss of cellular polarization, chromatin decondensation and plasma membrane rupture. Vital NETosis can occur independently of cell death and involves the secreted expulsion of nuclear chromatin that is accompanied by the release of granule proteins through degranulation.
Class
Organismal Systems; Immune system
Pathway map
fca04613  Neutrophil extracellular trap formation
fca04613

Organism
Felis catus (domestic cat) [GN:fca]
Gene
493677  FCGR3A; low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-A precursor [KO:K06463]
101087013  SYK; tyrosine-protein kinase SYK isoform X1 [KO:K05855] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101095899  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
101096047  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X2 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101081387  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X3 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101100281  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101087614  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101087958  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 isoform X2 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101086207  CYBB; cytochrome b-245 heavy chain [KO:K21421] [EC:1.-.-.-]
101098840  NCF1; neutrophil cytosol factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08011]
101091745  CYBA; cytochrome b-245 light chain [KO:K08009]
101088712  NCF2; neutrophil cytosol factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08010]
101095507  NCF4; neutrophil cytosol factor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08012]
101101277  RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X3 [KO:K04392]
101096744  RAC2; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07860]
493685  TLR7; toll-like receptor 7 [KO:K05404]
101091762  TLR8; toll-like receptor 8 [KO:K10170]
100301482  ELANE; neutrophil elastase [KO:K01327] [EC:3.4.21.37]
100142673  MPO; myeloperoxidase precursor [KO:K10789] [EC:1.11.2.2]
100144392  ACTG1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
101098507  ACTB; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
101098515  VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862]
102899304  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1-like [KO:K05862]
101092793  VDAC2; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 [KO:K15040]
101099117  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15041]
102902352  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3-like [KO:K15041]
101086294  SLC25A31; ADP/ATP translocase 4 [KO:K05863]
101082635  SLC25A5; ADP/ATP translocase 2 [KO:K05863]
101096309  SLC25A4; ADP/ATP translocase 1 [KO:K05863]
101100868  SLC25A6; ADP/ATP translocase 3 [KO:K05863]
101095941  ADP/ATP translocase 2-like [KO:K05863]
101099589  PPIF; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase F, mitochondrial isoform X4 [KO:K09565] [EC:5.2.1.8]
101086072  PADI4; protein-arginine deiminase type-4 isoform X1 [KO:K24669] [EC:3.5.3.15]
101087936  FCGR1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: high affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I [KO:K06498]
101087957  ITGAM; integrin alpha-M isoform X1 [KO:K06461]
101087258  ITGB2; integrin beta-2 [KO:K06464]
101085940  ITGAL; integrin alpha-L isoform X1 [KO:K05718]
101083523  CLEC7A; C-type lectin domain family 7 member A isoform X2 [KO:K10074]
101100378  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X3 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101090942  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101092961  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101092262  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101090005  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101092925  PLCG1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101080675  PLCG2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2 isoform X2 [KO:K05859] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101086433  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101088970  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X3 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101082196  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type isoform X1 [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101093088  ATG7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 isoform X1 [KO:K08337]
101091916  N-formyl peptide receptor 2 [KO:K04173]
101094274  PIK3CD; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101091892  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101097413  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100271864  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X3 [KO:K02649]
101093286  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
101093586  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
101087931  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101092818  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X4 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100499544  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X4 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101098152  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X3 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100142683  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
101096604  RELA; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
101088468  complement C3-like [KO:K03990]
101088220  complement C3-like [KO:K03990]
111557813  complement C3-like [KO:K03990]
102899461  CR1L; complement component receptor 1-like protein isoform X2 [KO:K04011]
101090401  C5; complement C5 isoform X1 [KO:K03994]
101098593  C5AR1; C5a anaphylatoxin chemotactic receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04010]
101089823  HMGB1; high mobility group protein B1 [KO:K10802]
101096658  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: high mobility group protein B1-like [KO:K10802]
493797  TLR2; toll-like receptor 2 [KO:K10159]
493698  TLR4; toll-like receptor 4 precursor [KO:K10160]
101101135  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101091536  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
111556320  MAPK12; mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105260786  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101100930  ITGA2B; integrin alpha-IIb [KO:K06476]
101092159  ITGB3; integrin beta-3 [KO:K06493]
101092934  FGA; fibrinogen alpha chain [KO:K03903]
101099632  FGB; fibrinogen beta chain [KO:K03904]
101092680  FGG; fibrinogen gamma chain [KO:K03905]
101092307  GP1BA; platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain [KO:K06261]
493760  VWF; von Willebrand factor precursor [KO:K03900]
101083565  SELP; P-selectin isoform X1 [KO:K06496]
101087945  SELPLG; P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06544]
101096892  AGER; advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor isoform X6 [KO:K19722]
493961  CASP4; caspase-1 [KO:K04394] [EC:3.4.22.57 3.4.22.64]
101089493  GSDMD; gasdermin-D [KO:K20917]
101091131  HAT1; histone acetyltransferase type B catalytic subunit isoform X1 [KO:K11303] [EC:2.3.1.48]
101092025  histone H2A type 1-C [KO:K11251]
101094019  histone H2A type 1-B [KO:K11251]
101096808  histone H2A-IV-like [KO:K11251]
101084707  histone H2A type 1-E [KO:K11251]
101085206  histone H2A type 1-E-like [KO:K11251]
101086721  histone H2A type 1-H-like isoform X1 [KO:K11251]
101088237  histone H2A type 1-B [KO:K11251]
101085975  histone H2A-beta, sperm-like [KO:K11251]
101097798  histone H2A-Bbd type 2/3 [KO:K11251]
101099622  histone H2A.V isoform X1 [KO:K11251]
101095750  H2AJ; histone H2A.J [KO:K11251]
101101494  histone H2A type 2-A [KO:K11251]
101080814  histone H2A type 2-C [KO:K11251]
101081066  histone H2A type 2-B [KO:K11251]
101095127  histone H2AX [KO:K11251]
101098042  histone H2A-Bbd type 2/3-like [KO:K11251]
101098601  histone H2A type 3 [KO:K11251]
105260536  histone H2A type 1-E [KO:K11251]
101083005  histone H2A type 1-E [KO:K11251]
105260540  histone H2A type 1-E [KO:K11251]
101093519  histone H2A type 1-H-like [KO:K11251]
102899210  histone H2A type 1-E [KO:K11251]
101095520  MACROH2A2; core histone macro-H2A.2 [KO:K11251]
101083265  histone H2A type 1-J [KO:K11251]
101080257  MACROH2A1; core histone macro-H2A.1 isoform X5 [KO:K11251]
101087401  histone H2A.Z [KO:K11251]
111558783  histone H2A-Bbd type 1-like [KO:K11251]
111558759  histone H2A-Bbd type 1-like [KO:K11251]
102899188  histone H2A-Bbd type 2/3 [KO:K11251]
111558709  histone H2A-Bbd type 1-like [KO:K11251]
123383302  histone H2A-Bbd type 1-like [KO:K11251]
123383321  histone H2A-Bbd type 1-like [KO:K11251]
123383322  histone H2A-Bbd type 1-like [KO:K11251]
123383323  histone H2A-Bbd type 1-like [KO:K11251]
123383324  histone H2A-Bbd type 1-like [KO:K11251]
123383325  histone H2A-Bbd type 1-like [KO:K11251]
123383326  histone H2A-Bbd type 1-like [KO:K11251]
123383333  histone H2A-Bbd type 1-like [KO:K11251]
123383334  histone H2A-Bbd type 1-like [KO:K11251]
101092488  histone H2B subacrosomal variant-like [KO:K11252]
101092267  histone H2B type 1-C/E/F/G/I [KO:K11252]
101093772  histone H2B type 1-B [KO:K11252]
101096314  histone H2B type 1-A-like [KO:K11252]
101096566  histone H2B type 1-A [KO:K11252]
101082235  histone H2B type 1-C/E/F/G/I [KO:K11252]
101084446  histone H2B type 1-C/E/F/G/I [KO:K11252]
101085463  histone H2B type 1-C/E/F/G/I [KO:K11252]
101088485  histone H2B type 1-C/E/F/G/I [KO:K11252]
101088746  histone H2B type 1-C/E/F/G/I [KO:K11252]
101091280  histone H2B type 1-C/E/F/G/I [KO:K11252]
101091533  histone H2B type 1-M [KO:K11252]
101080561  histone H2B type 2-E [KO:K11252]
101090262  histone H2B type 1-C/E/F/G/I isoform X1 [KO:K11252]
101100989  histone H2B type 2-F [KO:K11252]
101080314  histone H2B type 2-E [KO:K11252]
101088681  histone H2B type 2-E-like [KO:K11252]
102899259  histone H2B type 2-E1 isoform X1 [KO:K11252]
101098354  histone H2B type 3-B [KO:K11252]
111557864  histone H2B-like [KO:K11252]
101083514  histone H2B type 1-K [KO:K11252]
101086477  histone H2B type 1-K [KO:K11252]
101086971  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: histone H2B type 1-J [KO:K11252]
123385656  histone H2B type 1-C/E/F/G/I [KO:K11252]
123378934  histone H2B type 1-M [KO:K11252]
101090012  histone H2B type 1-K-like [KO:K11252]
101082491  histone H4 [KO:K11254]
101083933  histone H4 [KO:K11254]
101089767  histone H4 [KO:K11254]
101092762  histone H4 [KO:K11254]
101095347  histone H4 [KO:K11254]
101088423  histone H4 [KO:K11254]
105260538  histone H4 [KO:K11254]
101083921  histone H4 [KO:K11254]
101084193  histone H4 [KO:K11254]
101084708  histone H4 [KO:K11254]
101087478  histone H4 [KO:K11254]
101093269  histone H3.1 [KO:K11253]
101084959  histone H3.1 [KO:K11253]
101084194  histone H3.1-like [KO:K11253]
101080886  histone H3.1 [KO:K11253]
101080845  histone H3.3A [KO:K11253]
101089514  histone H3.1 [KO:K11253]
101101285  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: histone H3.3 [KO:K11253]
101080632  histone H3.1 isoform X2 [KO:K11253]
105260537  histone H3.3-like [KO:K11253]
105260541  histone H3.1 [KO:K11253]
101089008  histone H3.1 [KO:K11253]
100169960  H3F3A; histone H3.3A [KO:K11253]
101101243  histone H3-like [KO:K11253]
101094506  histone H3.1 [KO:K11253]
101094758  histone H3.1 [KO:K11253]
101088165  HDAC2; histone deacetylase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06067] [EC:3.5.1.98]
101099228  HDAC1; histone deacetylase 1 isoform X3 [KO:K06067] [EC:3.5.1.98]
101100941  HDAC3; histone deacetylase 3 isoform X3 [KO:K11404] [EC:3.5.1.98]
101098019  HDAC5; histone deacetylase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
101093384  HDAC4; histone deacetylase 4 isoform X7 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
101084086  HDAC6; histone deacetylase 6 isoform X1 [KO:K11407] [EC:3.5.1.98]
101087242  HDAC7; histone deacetylase 7 isoform X5 [KO:K11408] [EC:3.5.1.98]
101096383  HDAC8; histone deacetylase 8 isoform X8 [KO:K11405] [EC:3.5.1.98]
101085705  HDAC9; histone deacetylase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K11409] [EC:3.5.1.98]
101080901  HDAC10; polyamine deacetylase HDAC10 isoform X1 [KO:K18671] [EC:3.5.1.98]
101081876  HDAC11; histone deacetylase 11 [KO:K11418] [EC:3.5.1.98]
101098719  CTSG; cathepsin G [KO:K01319] [EC:3.4.21.20]
100533978  CAMP; cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide precursor [KO:K13916]
101092513  CLCN3; H(+)/Cl(-) exchange transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05012]
101088304  CLCN4; H(+)/Cl(-) exchange transporter 4 isoform X2 [KO:K05012]
101085351  CLCN5; H(+)/Cl(-) exchange transporter 5 [KO:K05012]
101082662  AQP9; aquaporin-9 [KO:K09877]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00039  DNA
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00338  Lipopolysaccharide
C00464  Mannan
C00518  Hyaluronate
C00551  beta-D-Glucan
C00704  Superoxide
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C05151  12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11221  Formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine methyl ester
Reference
PMID:29543328
  Authors
Van Avondt K, Hartl D
  Title
Mechanisms and disease relevance of neutrophil extracellular trap formation.
  Journal
Eur J Clin Invest 48 Suppl 2:e12919 (2018)
DOI:10.1111/eci.12919
Reference
PMID:31518165
  Authors
Sorvillo N, Cherpokova D, Martinod K, Wagner DD
  Title
Extracellular DNA NET-Works With Dire Consequences for Health.
  Journal
Circ Res 125:470-488 (2019)
DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.119.314581
Reference
PMID:28990587
  Authors
Papayannopoulos V
  Title
Neutrophil extracellular traps in immunity and disease.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 18:134-147 (2018)
DOI:10.1038/nri.2017.105
Reference
PMID:24837201
  Authors
Liu FC, Chuang YH, Tsai YF, Yu HP
  Title
Role of neutrophil extracellular traps following injury.
  Journal
Shock 41:491-8 (2014)
DOI:10.1097/SHK.0000000000000146
Reference
PMID:27570525
  Authors
Yang H, Biermann MH, Brauner JM, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Herrmann M
  Title
New Insights into Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: Mechanisms of Formation and Role in Inflammation.
  Journal
Front Immunol 7:302 (2016)
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2016.00302
Reference
PMID:28983472
  Authors
Zawrotniak M, Bochenska O, Karkowska-Kuleta J, Seweryn-Ozog K, Aoki W, Ueda M, Kozik A, Rapala-Kozik M
  Title
Aspartic Proteases and Major Cell Wall Components in Candida albicans Trigger the Release of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.
  Journal
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 7:414 (2017)
DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00414
Reference
PMID:29382950
  Authors
Honda M, Kubes P
  Title
Neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps in the liver and gastrointestinal system.
  Journal
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 15:206-221 (2018)
DOI:10.1038/nrgastro.2017.183
Reference
PMID:31416265
  Authors
Hamam HJ, Palaniyar N
  Title
Post-Translational Modifications in NETosis and NETs-Mediated Diseases.
  Journal
Biomolecules 9:E369 (2019)
DOI:10.3390/biom9080369
Reference
PMID:31767647
  Authors
Burgener SS, Schroder K
  Title
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Host Defense.
  Journal
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 12:a037028 (2020)
DOI:10.1101/cshperspect.a037028
Reference
PMID:33202203
  Authors
Vorobjeva NV, Chernyak BV
  Title
NETosis: Molecular Mechanisms, Role in Physiology and Pathology.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 85:1178-1190 (2020)
DOI:10.1134/S0006297920100065
Reference
PMID:31416173
  Authors
Ravindran M, Khan MA, Palaniyar N
  Title
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation: Physiology, Pathology, and Pharmacology.
  Journal
Biomolecules 9:E365 (2019)
DOI:10.3390/biom9080365
Reference
PMID:28267716
  Authors
Jorch SK, Kubes P
  Title
An emerging role for neutrophil extracellular traps in noninfectious disease.
  Journal
Nat Med 23:279-287 (2017)
DOI:10.1038/nm.4294
Reference
PMID:31342866
  Authors
Goggs R, Jeffery U, LeVine DN, Li RHL
  Title
Neutrophil-Extracellular Traps, Cell-Free DNA, and Immunothrombosis in Companion Animals: A Review.
  Journal
Vet Pathol 57:6-23 (2020)
DOI:10.1177/0300985819861721
Reference
PMID:27876233
  Authors
Kim SJ, Jenne CN
  Title
Role of platelets in neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) production and tissue injury.
  Journal
Semin Immunol 28:546-554 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.smim.2016.10.013
Reference
PMID:29572545
  Authors
de Bont CM, Boelens WC, Pruijn GJM
  Title
NETosis, complement, and coagulation: a triangular relationship.
  Journal
Cell Mol Immunol 16:19-27 (2019)
DOI:10.1038/s41423-018-0024-0
Reference
PMID:31129510
  Authors
Zawrotniak M, Bartnicka D, Rapala-Kozik M
  Title
UVA and UVB radiation induce the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps by human polymorphonuclear cells.
  Journal
J Photochem Photobiol B 196:111511 (2019)
DOI:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111511
Reference
PMID:21293492
  Authors
Remijsen Q, Kuijpers TW, Wirawan E, Lippens S, Vandenabeele P, Vanden Berghe T
  Title
Dying for a cause: NETosis, mechanisms behind an antimicrobial cell death modality.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 18:581-8 (2011)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2011.1
Reference
PMID:23819131
  Authors
Zawrotniak M, Rapala-Kozik M
  Title
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) - formation and implications.
  Journal
Acta Biochim Pol 60:277-84 (2013)
Reference
PMID:28373871
  Authors
Rosales C
  Title
Fcgamma Receptor Heterogeneity in Leukocyte Functional Responses.
  Journal
Front Immunol 8:280 (2017)
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00280
Reference
PMID:25716722
  Authors
Vorobjeva NV, Pinegin BV
  Title
Neutrophil extracellular traps: mechanisms of formation and role in health and disease.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 79:1286-96 (2014)
DOI:10.1134/S0006297914120025
Reference
PMID:28220120
  Authors
Delgado-Rizo V, Martinez-Guzman MA, Iniguez-Gutierrez L, Garcia-Orozco A, Alvarado-Navarro A, Fafutis-Morris M
  Title
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Its Implications in Inflammation: An Overview.
  Journal
Front Immunol 8:81 (2017)
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00081
Reference
PMID:30023352
  Authors
Fonseca Z, Diaz-Godinez C, Mora N, Aleman OR, Uribe-Querol E, Carrero JC, Rosales C
  Title
Entamoeba histolytica Induce Signaling via Raf/MEK/ERK for Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NET) Formation.
  Journal
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 8:226 (2018)
DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2018.00226
Reference
PMID:27923601
  Authors
Agraz-Cibrian JM, Giraldo DM, Mary FM, Urcuqui-Inchima S
  Title
Understanding the molecular mechanisms of NETs and their role in antiviral innate immunity.
  Journal
Virus Res 228:124-133 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.virusres.2016.11.033
Reference
PMID:27698656
  Authors
Schonrich G, Raftery MJ
  Title
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Go Viral.
  Journal
Front Immunol 7:366 (2016)
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2016.00366
Reference
PMID:22817992
  Authors
Saitoh T, Komano J, Saitoh Y, Misawa T, Takahama M, Kozaki T, Uehata T, Iwasaki H, Omori H, Yamaoka S, Yamamoto N, Akira S
  Title
Neutrophil extracellular traps mediate a host defense response to human immunodeficiency virus-1.
  Journal
Cell Host Microbe 12:109-16 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2012.05.015
Reference
PMID:29908538
  Authors
Kumar S, Gupta E, Kaushik S, Jyoti A
  Title
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: Formation and Involvement in Disease Progression.
  Journal
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 17:208-220 (2018)
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