Entry
Name
cAMP signaling pathway - Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey)
Description
cAMP is one of the most common and universal second messengers, and its formation is promoted by adenylyl cyclase (AC) activation after ligation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) by ligands including hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules. cAMP regulates pivotal physiologic processes including metabolism, secretion, calcium homeostasis, muscle contraction, cell fate, and gene transcription. cAMP acts directly on three main targets: protein kinase A (PKA), the exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac), and cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels (CNGCs). PKA modulates, via phosphorylation, a number of cellular substrates, including transcription factors, ion channels, transporters, exchangers, intracellular Ca2+ -handling proteins, and the contractile machinery. Epac proteins function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for both Rap1 and Rap2. Various effector proteins, including adaptor proteins implicated in modulation of the actin cytoskeleton, regulators of G proteins of the Rho family, and phospholipases, relay signaling downstream from Rap.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) [GN:
mcc ]
Gene
100424113 ADCYAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide [KO:K05262 ]
100425114 HCN2; potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2 [KO:K04955 ]
100429880 GRIN2A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A isoform X1 [KO:K05209 ]
574095 CRHR1; corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 precursor [KO:K04578 ]
574203 PPP1R1B; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 1B [KO:K15494 ]
574280 GHRL; appetite-regulating hormone precursor [KO:K05254 ]
574344 GRIA2; glutamate receptor 2 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K05198 ]
574362 CHRM1; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 [KO:K04129 ]
574380 GRIN1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05208 ]
613250 PPARA; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha [KO:K07294 ]
693753 CALML4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calmodulin-like protein 4 [KO:K02183 ]
693924 CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851 ]
694587 GHSR; growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 [KO:K04284 ]
694685 VAV3; guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV3 isoform X2 [KO:K05730 ]
694758 CNGB3; cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04953 ]
695407 ABCC4; multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 isoform X3 [KO:K05673 ]
695483 ADCYAP1R1; pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04587 ]
695735 PPP1R12A; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A [KO:K06270 ]
696350 CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 [KO:K09048 ]
696377 POPDC3; popeye domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K26207 ]
696709 RAC2; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 [KO:K07860 ]
697404 CRHR2; corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2 isoform X2 [KO:K04579 ]
697718 CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047 ]
698089 NFATC1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04446 ]
698148 RAPGEF4; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04351 ]
698470 TNNI3; troponin I, cardiac muscle isoform X2 [KO:K12044 ]
698571 GRIN2B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B isoform X1 [KO:K05210 ]
698996 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha [KO:K02649 ]
699216 GRIN2C; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C isoform X1 [KO:K05211 ]
699310 GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha [KO:K04630 ]
700190 ORAI1; calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 [KO:K16056 ]
700443 ATP1B1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 [KO:K01540 ]
701205 HHIP; hedgehog-interacting protein precursor [KO:K06231 ]
701245 BDNF; brain-derived neurotrophic factor isoform X1 [KO:K04355 ]
701400 ARAP3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12490 ]
701758 PLCE1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase epsilon-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05860 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
702288 TIAM1; T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis-inducing protein 1 [KO:K05731 ]
702494 GLI3; transcriptional activator GLI3 isoform X1 [KO:K06230 ]
702504 CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X2 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
703302 PPP1CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
703368 GPR119; glucose-dependent insulinotropic receptor [KO:K08424 ]
703398 PTGER3; prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype isoform X2 [KO:K04260 ]
703514 CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02183 ]
703566 VIP; vasoactive intestinal peptide precursor [KO:K05264 ]
703780 GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630 ]
703967 RAPGEF3; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 isoform X2 [KO:K08014 ]
704486 CNGA2; cyclic nucleotide-gated olfactory channel [KO:K04949 ]
705414 HCN4; potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4 [KO:K04957 ]
705980 CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
706073 CNGB1; cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel beta-1 [KO:K04952 ]
706344 VIPR2; vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04590 ]
706977 CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X11 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
707310 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
707768 ATP2A3; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 isoform X3 [KO:K05853 ] [EC:7.2.2.10 ]
707865 ADORA2A; adenosine receptor A2a isoform X1 [KO:K04266 ]
707872 CNGA3; cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04950 ]
708024 PTGER2; prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype [KO:K04259 ]
708058 ATP2A1; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05853 ] [EC:7.2.2.10 ]
708705 KCNK2; potassium channel subfamily K member 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04913 ]
708706 CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857 ]
708717 CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 [KO:K05870 ]
708940 GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04630 ]
708987 GABBR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 precursor [KO:K04615 ]
709784 MYL9; myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 [KO:K12755 ]
709935 PPP1CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
709959 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
710046 HTR4; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04160 ]
710324 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit [KO:K02580 ]
710540 CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
710552 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
710702 ATP2A2; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 isoform X3 [KO:K05853 ] [EC:7.2.2.10 ]
712853 POPDC2; popeye domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K26206 ]
713010 CNGA4; cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel alpha-4 [KO:K04951 ]
713227 VAV2; guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV2 [KO:K05730 ]
713391 CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
714780 CHRM2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 [KO:K04130 ]
714843 GLI1; zinc finger protein GLI1 isoform X1 [KO:K16797 ]
714981 CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048 ]
715787 CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853 ]
715919 RELA; transcription factor p65 isoform X1 [KO:K04735 ]
715951 CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 [KO:K09048 ]
715999 LHCGR; lutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04248 ]
716093 ATP1B2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 [KO:K01540 ]
716098 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
716123 FSHR; follicle-stimulating hormone receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04247 ]
716192 GIPR; gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor [KO:K04580 ]
716682 ATP1B3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3 [KO:K01540 ]
716892 GRIN3A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A [KO:K05213 ]
717261 GPHA2; glycoprotein hormone alpha-2 precursor [KO:K25483 ]
717740 BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158 ]
717755 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392 ]
717945 GRIN2D; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D [KO:K05212 ]
718019 GABBR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 [KO:K04615 ]
718632 PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345 ] [EC:2.7.11.11 ]
718751 PTCH1; protein patched homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06225 ]
719305 RAC3; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 isoform X1 [KO:K07861 ]
719367 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
719623 ATP1A4; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K01539 ] [EC:7.2.2.13 ]
720079 SLC9A1; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 isoform X3 [KO:K05742 ]
720171 PDE4C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4C [KO:K13293 ] [EC:3.1.4.53 ]
721155 GRIN3B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B [KO:K05214 ]
721721 CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X13 [KO:K04850 ]
721735 PPP1CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
721821 MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04369 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
721825 CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
Compound
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Fimia GM, Sassone-Corsi P
Title
Cyclic AMP signalling.
Journal
J Cell Sci 114:1971-2 (2001)
Reference
Authors
Serezani CH, Ballinger MN, Aronoff DM, Peters-Golden M
Title
Cyclic AMP: master regulator of innate immune cell function.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Oldenburger A, Maarsingh H, Schmidt M
Title
Multiple facets of cAMP signalling and physiological impact: cAMP compartmentalization in the lung.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ahuja M, Jha A, Maleth J, Park S, Muallem S
Title
cAMP and Ca signaling in secretory epithelia: Crosstalk and synergism.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Shirshev SV
Title
Role of Epac proteins in mechanisms of cAMP-dependent immunoregulation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Roscioni SS, Elzinga CR, Schmidt M
Title
Epac: effectors and biological functions.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Roberts OL, Dart C
Title
cAMP signalling in the vasculature: the role of Epac (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP).
Journal
Reference
Authors
Schaub MC, Hefti MA, Zaugg M
Title
Integration of calcium with the signaling network in cardiac myocytes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Triposkiadis F, Karayannis G, Giamouzis G, Skoularigis J, Louridas G, Butler J
Title
The sympathetic nervous system in heart failure physiology, pathophysiology, and clinical implications.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Saucerman JJ, McCulloch AD
Title
Mechanistic systems models of cell signaling networks: a case study of myocyte adrenergic regulation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yang JH, Saucerman JJ
Title
Computational models reduce complexity and accelerate insight into cardiac signaling networks.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Taggart P, Boyett MR, Logantha S, Lambiase PD
Title
Anger, emotion, and arrhythmias: from brain to heart.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bozzi Y, Dunleavy M, Henshall DC
Title
Cell signaling underlying epileptic behavior.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lizcano JM, Morrice N, Cohen P
Title
Regulation of BAD by cAMP-dependent protein kinase is mediated via phosphorylation of a novel site, Ser155.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gerlo S, Kooijman R, Beck IM, Kolmus K, Spooren A, Haegeman G
Title
Cyclic AMP: a selective modulator of NF-kappaB action.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lauder JM
Title
Neurotransmitters as growth regulatory signals: role of receptors and second messengers.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Voglis G, Tavernarakis N
Title
The role of synaptic ion channels in synaptic plasticity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Altarejos JY, Montminy M
Title
CREB and the CRTC co-activators: sensors for hormonal and metabolic signals.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bozzi Y, Borrelli E
Title
The role of dopamine signaling in epileptogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ceulemans H, Bollen M
Title
Functional diversity of protein phosphatase-1, a cellular economizer and reset button.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lipinski RJ, Gipp JJ, Zhang J, Doles JD, Bushman W
Title
Unique and complimentary activities of the Gli transcription factors in Hedgehog signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lasala C, Schteingart HF, Arouche N, Bedecarras P, Grinspon RP, Picard JY, Josso N, di Clemente N, Rey RA
Title
SOX9 and SF1 are involved in cyclic AMP-mediated upregulation of anti-Mullerian gene expression in the testicular prepubertal Sertoli cell line SMAT1.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Rosenkranz AC, Rauch BH, Freidel K, Schror K
Title
Regulation of protease-activated receptor-1 by vasodilatory prostaglandins via NFAT.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lazennec G, Canaple L, Saugy D, Wahli W
Title
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) by their ligands and protein kinase A activators.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Murthy KS
Title
Signaling for contraction and relaxation in smooth muscle of the gut.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Birukova AA, Zagranichnaya T, Alekseeva E, Bokoch GM, Birukov KG
Title
Epac/Rap and PKA are novel mechanisms of ANP-induced Rac-mediated pulmonary endothelial barrier protection.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Houslay MD, Milligan G
Title
Tailoring cAMP-signalling responses through isoform multiplicity.
Journal
Related pathway
KO pathway