KEGG   PATHWAY: oaa05010
Entry
oaa05010                    Pathway                                
Name
Alzheimer disease - Ornithorhynchus anatinus (platypus)
Description
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic disorder that slowly destroys neurons and causes serious cognitive disability. AD is associated with senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Amyloid-beta (Abeta), a major component of senile plaques, has various pathological effects on cell and organelle function. To date genetic studies have revealed four genes that may be linked to autosomal dominant or familial early onset AD (FAD). These four genes include: amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PS1), presenilin 2 (PS2) and apolipoprotein E (ApoE). All mutations associated with APP and PS proteins can lead to an increase in the production of Abeta peptides, specfically the more amyloidogenic form, Abeta42. It was proposed that Abeta form Ca2+ permeable pores and bind to and modulate multiple synaptic proteins, including NMDAR, mGluR5 and VGCC, leading to the overfilling of neurons with calcium ions. Consequently, cellular Ca2+ disruptions will lead to neuronal apoptosis, autophagy deficits, mitochondrial abnormality, defective neurotransmission, impaired synaptic plasticity and neurodegeneration in AD. FAD-linked PS1 mutation downregulates the unfolded protein response and leads to vulnerability to ER stress.
Class
Human Diseases; Neurodegenerative disease
Pathway map
oaa05010  Alzheimer disease
oaa05010

Organism
Ornithorhynchus anatinus (platypus) [GN:oaa]
Gene
100074755  ADAM10; disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 [KO:K06704] [EC:3.4.24.81]
114806495  disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10-like [KO:K06704] [EC:3.4.24.81]
100086345  ADAM17; disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17 [KO:K06059] [EC:3.4.24.86]
100090292  amyloid-beta precursor protein isoform X1 [KO:K04520]
100073958  NAE1; NEDD8-activating enzyme E1 regulatory subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04532]
100091194  APBB1; amyloid-beta A4 precursor protein-binding family B member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04529]
100076533  GAPDH; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [KO:K00134] [EC:1.2.1.12]
100079669  BACE1; beta-secretase 1 [KO:K04521] [EC:3.4.23.46]
100080196  BACE2; beta-secretase 2 [KO:K07747] [EC:3.4.23.45]
100088381  RTN3; reticulon-3 isoform X1 [KO:K20723]
100079086  RTN4; reticulon-4 isoform X8 [KO:K20720]
114812133  PSENEN; gamma-secretase subunit PEN-2 [KO:K06170]
100091250  PSEN1; presenilin-1 [KO:K04505] [EC:3.4.23.-]
100076299  PSEN2; presenilin-2 [KO:K04522] [EC:3.4.23.-]
100084915  NCSTN; nicastrin isoform X1 [KO:K06171]
100091348  APH1B; gamma-secretase subunit APH-1B [KO:K06172]
114807996  APH1A; gamma-secretase subunit APH-1A [KO:K06172]
100074945  IDE; insulin-degrading enzyme isoform X1 [KO:K01408] [EC:3.4.24.56]
100092983  MME; neprilysin [KO:K01389] [EC:3.4.24.11]
100088033  MAPT; microtubule-associated protein tau isoform X1 [KO:K04380]
808708  ND1; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 [KO:K03878] [EC:7.1.1.2]
808700  ND2; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [KO:K03879] [EC:7.1.1.2]
808710  ND3; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 [KO:K03880] [EC:7.1.1.2]
808699  ND4; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 [KO:K03881] [EC:7.1.1.2]
808698  ND4L; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L [KO:K03882] [EC:7.1.1.2]
808701  ND5; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 [KO:K03883] [EC:7.1.1.2]
808706  ND6; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 [KO:K03884] [EC:7.1.1.2]
100092852  NDUFV1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial [KO:K03942] [EC:7.1.1.2]
100076572  NDUFV2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03943] [EC:7.1.1.2]
100080859  NDUFV3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K03944]
100078945  NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945]
100088525  NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946]
103169972  NDUFA3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947]
100089801  NDUFA4; cytochrome c oxidase subunit NDUFA4 [KO:K03948]
114814719  NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948]
100076349  NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949]
100086818  NDUFA6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950]
103171189  NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951]
100081651  NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 isoform X1 [KO:K03952]
100085363  NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03953]
100080496  NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial [KO:K03954]
100073665  NDUFAB1; acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial [KO:K03955]
100082311  NDUFA11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956]
100073802  NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 [KO:K11352]
100682250  NDUFA13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353]
103167180  NDUFB1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03957]
100086429  NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958]
100089265  NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959]
100089450  NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960]
100083885  NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial [KO:K03961]
100680990  NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03962]
114813135  NDUFB7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03963]
100084515  NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03964]
100080588  NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 [KO:K03965]
100081152  NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966]
114812795  NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial [KO:K11351]
100085312  NDUFS1; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K03934] [EC:7.1.1.2]
114807989  NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03935] [EC:7.1.1.2]
100082649  NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03936] [EC:7.1.1.2]
100075551  NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03937]
100076967  NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938]
100081627  NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial [KO:K03939]
100076603  NDUFS7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03940] [EC:7.1.1.2]
114809999  NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03941] [EC:7.1.1.2]
100092030  NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967]
114805804  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2-like [KO:K03968]
100083131  SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
100074487  SDHB; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
100089418  SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00236]
114815211  SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00237]
100074926  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
808703  CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
107546954  cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial [KO:K00413]
100074417  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00414]
100077249  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00415]
114818207  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial [KO:K00416]
100073821  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7 isoform X1 [KO:K00417]
100080559  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 8 [KO:K00418]
100088975  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 9 [KO:K00419]
100082774  UQCR11; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10 [KO:K00420]
808707  COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
808704  COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
808709  COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
100076685  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02263]
114806037  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
100081055  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial [KO:K02264]
100091270  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial [KO:K02265]
100079440  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02266]
114809040  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
114809154  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
100089037  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 [KO:K02267]
100074669  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C [KO:K02268]
100076020  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
100091985  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
114811991  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
100073487  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
100077093  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial [KO:K02272]
100085791  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02272]
100075472  ATP5F1A; ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial [KO:K02132]
100087676  ATP5F1B; ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K02133] [EC:7.1.2.2]
100680772  ATP5F1C; ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02136]
100090214  ATP5F1D; ATP synthase subunit delta, mitochondrial [KO:K02134]
100074047  ATP5F1E; ATP synthase subunit epsilon, mitochondrial [KO:K02135]
808705  ATP6; ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [KO:K02126]
100076804  ATP5PB; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial [KO:K02127]
100084526  ATP5MC3; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C3, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
100090032  ATP5MC2; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
114814979  ATP5MC1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
100085769  ATP5PD; ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial [KO:K02138]
100083165  ATP5PO; ATP synthase subunit O, mitochondrial [KO:K02137]
114817674  ATP5PF; ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial [KO:K02131]
808702  ATP8; ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 [KO:K02125]
100081790  HSD17B10; 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type-2 [KO:K08683] [EC:1.1.1.35 1.1.1.178]
100079388  PPID; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase D [KO:K05864] [EC:5.2.1.8]
100079428  VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862]
100075011  VDAC2; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 [KO:K15040]
100076584  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15041]
100080434  SLC25A5; ADP/ATP translocase 2 [KO:K05863]
100087351  SLC25A4; ADP/ATP translocase 1 [KO:K05863]
114812883  SLC25A31; ADP/ATP translocase 4 [KO:K05863]
100073904  PPIF; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase F, mitochondrial [KO:K09565] [EC:5.2.1.8]
100077350  LPL; lipoprotein lipase [KO:K01059] [EC:3.1.1.34]
100681419  APOE; apolipoprotein E [KO:K04524]
103165091  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04390]
100085735  TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A isoform X1 [KO:K03158]
100075638  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
100082949  CASP8; caspase-8 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
100087835  caspase-8-like [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
100088569  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist [KO:K04726]
100075369  CALM1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
100083509  CALM2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]
100085837  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
103165382  calmodulin-A-like [KO:K02183]
114812128  CALM3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
114816270  CALML3; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K02183]
100087467  PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100083890  PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100073776  PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100083665  PPP3R1; calcineurin subunit B type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06268]
114810030  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
100077443  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
100073402  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02084]
100092345  CASP9; caspase-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
100087105  CASP3; caspase-3 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
100086064  CHRM1; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 [KO:K04129]
114815970  CHRM5; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 [KO:K04129]
100084007  CHRM3; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 isoform X2 [KO:K04131]
100080549  GRM5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 [KO:K04604]
100080691  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04634]
100078508  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100084272  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100081349  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100086536  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100082705  GRIN1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05208]
100074436  GRIN2A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A [KO:K05209]
100090612  GRIN2B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B [KO:K05210]
100681823  GRIN2C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C [KO:K05211]
100084653  GRIN2D; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D [KO:K05212]
100082618  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850]
100077296  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D [KO:K04851]
100075939  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853]
100093447  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857]
100087588  CHRNA7; neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 [KO:K04809]
100077394  MCU; calcium uniporter protein, mitochondrial [KO:K20858]
100085480  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100086487  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100089020  RYR3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ryanodine receptor 3 [KO:K04963]
100075749  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
103164954  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
100088770  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
100092580  ATP2A1; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
100073740  ATP2A2; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
100086258  ATP2A3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
100091907  ATF6; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha isoform X1 [KO:K09054]
100077370  XBP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: X-box-binding protein 1 [KO:K09027]
103167225  DDIT3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein [KO:K04452]
100079980  ERN1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
100081193  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100681935  TRAF2; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
100681066  TNF receptor-associated factor 2-like [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
100081079  MAP3K5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
100089737  MAP2K7; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 isoform X3 [KO:K04431] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100073424  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100076033  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X2 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100082590  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100074113  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
100089902  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
100077605  PSMA6; proteasome subunit alpha type-6 isoform X1 [KO:K02730] [EC:3.4.25.1]
100075308  PSMA2; proteasome subunit alpha type-2 [KO:K02726] [EC:3.4.25.1]
100082413  PSMA4; proteasome subunit alpha type-4 [KO:K02728] [EC:3.4.25.1]
100073396  PSMA7; proteasome subunit alpha type-7 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
100086434  PSMA5; proteasome subunit alpha type-5 [KO:K02729] [EC:3.4.25.1]
100093532  PSMA1; proteasome subunit alpha type-1 [KO:K02725] [EC:3.4.25.1]
100086673  PSMA3; proteasome subunit alpha type-3 [KO:K02727] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114808032  PSMB6; proteasome subunit beta type-6 [KO:K02738] [EC:3.4.25.1]
100078811  PSMB7; proteasome subunit beta type-7 [KO:K02739] [EC:3.4.25.1]
100087357  PSMB3; proteasome subunit beta type-3 [KO:K02735] [EC:3.4.25.1]
100077529  PSMB2; proteasome subunit beta type-2 [KO:K02734] [EC:3.4.25.1]
100089973  PSMB5; proteasome subunit beta type-5 [KO:K02737] [EC:3.4.25.1]
100082504  PSMB1; proteasome subunit beta type-1 [KO:K02732] [EC:3.4.25.1]
100091687  PSMB4; proteasome subunit beta type-4 [KO:K02736] [EC:3.4.25.1]
100076569  PSMC2; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 7 [KO:K03061]
100088021  PSMC1; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K03062]
100088836  PSMC4; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B [KO:K03063]
100093302  PSMC6; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 10B isoform X1 [KO:K03064]
100080509  PSMC3; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6A [KO:K03065]
114815139  PSMC5; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 8 [KO:K03066]
100076043  PSMD2; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2 [KO:K03028]
100077344  PSMD1; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K03032]
100080824  PSMD3; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 3 [KO:K03033]
100074601  PSMD9; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 9 isoform X1 [KO:K06693]
100079412  PSMD12; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 12 isoform X1 [KO:K03035]
103166362  PSMD11; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 11 [KO:K03036]
100092874  PSMD6; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 6 [KO:K03037]
100078921  PSMD7; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 7 [KO:K03038]
100092761  PSMD13; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 13 [KO:K03039]
100077210  PSMD14; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14 [KO:K03030]
100073491  PSMD8; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 8 [KO:K03031]
100074418  ADRM1; proteasomal ubiquitin receptor ADRM1 isoform X1 [KO:K06691]
100093442  SEM1; 26S proteasome complex subunit SEM1 [KO:K10881]
100093259  NOS1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nitric oxide synthase, brain [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
100680746  CAPN1; calpain-1 catalytic subunit [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
100092537  CAPN11; calpain-11 [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
100081577  CAPN2; calpain-2 catalytic subunit [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
100084018  CDK5R1; cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator 1 [KO:K11716]
100093118  SLC39A2; zinc transporter ZIP2 [KO:K14709]
100084884  SLC39A3; zinc transporter ZIP3 isoform X1 [KO:K14709]
114807928  SLC39A1; zinc transporter ZIP1 isoform X1 [KO:K14709]
100086637  SLC39A4; zinc transporter ZIP4 [KO:K14710]
100089992  SLC39A5; zinc transporter ZIP5 isoform X1 [KO:K14711]
100073920  SLC39A8; metal cation symporter ZIP8 [KO:K14714]
100074141  SLC39A9; zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform X1 [KO:K14715]
100092734  SLC39A10; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: zinc transporter ZIP10 [KO:K14716]
103168921  SLC39A11; zinc transporter ZIP11 isoform X1 [KO:K14717]
100078275  SLC39A12; zinc transporter ZIP12 [KO:K14718]
100082412  SLC39A13; zinc transporter ZIP13 [KO:K14719]
100087458  SLC39A14; metal cation symporter ZIP14 isoform X1 [KO:K14720]
100090781  SLC11A2; natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21398]
100091902  CDK5; cyclin-dependent-like kinase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K02090] [EC:2.7.11.22]
100092089  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
100082745  CASP7; caspase-7 isoform X1 [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
114817891  caspase-7-like [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
100073484  DKK1; dickkopf-related protein 1 [KO:K02165]
100080514  DKK2; dickkopf-related protein 2 [KO:K02165]
100093417  DKK4; dickkopf-related protein 4 [KO:K02165]
114814562  WNT1; proto-oncogene Wnt-1 [KO:K03209]
100077640  WNT2; protein Wnt-2 precursor [KO:K00182]
100087253  WNT2B; protein Wnt-2b [KO:K00182]
100090103  WNT3A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein Wnt-3a [KO:K00312]
100075238  WNT4; protein Wnt-4 [KO:K00408]
100085809  WNT5B; protein Wnt-5b [KO:K00444]
100088897  WNT5A; protein Wnt-5a [KO:K00444]
100089786  WNT6; protein Wnt-6 [KO:K00445]
100075994  WNT7A; protein Wnt-7a [KO:K00572]
100093588  WNT7B; protein Wnt-7b [KO:K00572]
100088910  protein Wnt-7a-like [KO:K00572]
100079874  WNT8B; protein Wnt-8b [KO:K00714]
100085370  WNT8A; protein Wnt-8a [KO:K00714]
100074117  WNT9A; protein Wnt-9a [KO:K01064]
100090678  WNT10A; protein Wnt-10a [KO:K01357]
107547159  WNT10B; protein Wnt-10b [KO:K01357]
100091700  WNT11; protein Wnt-11 [KO:K01384]
100077974  WNT16; protein Wnt-16 [KO:K01558]
100081860  FZD7; frizzled-7 [KO:K02432]
114813907  FZD1; frizzled-1 [KO:K02432]
100090775  FZD2; frizzled-2 [KO:K02235]
100086058  FZD3; frizzled-3 [KO:K02329]
100080994  FZD4; frizzled-4 [KO:K02354]
100089547  FZD5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: frizzled-5 [KO:K02375]
114816216  FZD8; frizzled-8 [KO:K02375]
100080710  FZD6; frizzled-6 [KO:K02376]
100091844  FZD10; frizzled-10 [KO:K02842]
100080214  FZD9; frizzled-9 [KO:K02842]
100077194  LRP6; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 [KO:K03068]
100090166  casein kinase I isoform X1 [KO:K08960] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100091980  DVL3; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
100089867  DVL2; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 [KO:K02353]
100681615  DVL1; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
114810222  GSK-3-binding protein FRAT2-like [KO:K03096]
100074583  CSNK2A2; casein kinase II subunit alpha' [KO:K03097] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100079695  CSNK2A1; casein kinase II subunit alpha [KO:K03097] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114808033  CSNK2B; casein kinase II subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K03115]
100093450  AXIN1; axin-1 [KO:K02157]
100077932  AXIN2; axin-2 [KO:K04385]
100082114  APC; adenomatous polyposis coli protein isoform X1 [KO:K02085]
100682203  APC2; adenomatous polyposis coli protein 2 [KO:K02085]
100080628  CTNNB1; catenin beta-1 [KO:K02105]
100076676  CSNK1A1; casein kinase I isoform X1 [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100076805  KIF5B; kinesin-1 heavy chain [KO:K10396]
100088788  KIF5C; kinesin heavy chain [KO:K10396]
103166538  KIF5A; kinesin heavy chain isoform X1 [KO:K10396]
100075996  KLC1; kinesin light chain 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10407]
100077087  KLC4; kinesin light chain 4 [KO:K10407]
114810131  KLC2; kinesin light chain 2 [KO:K10407]
114812115  KLC3; kinesin light chain 3 [KO:K10407]
100079742  TUBA1B; tubulin alpha-1B chain [KO:K07374]
100075816  tubulin alpha-8 chain [KO:K07374]
100079918  TUBA1A; tubulin alpha-1A chain [KO:K07374]
114811984  TUBA4A; tubulin alpha-4A chain [KO:K07374]
100088515  tubulin alpha-3 chain [KO:K07374]
100085942  tubulin alpha-4A chain [KO:K07374]
100077627  tubulin alpha-8 chain isoform X2 [KO:K07374]
100079040  tubulin beta-2A chain isoform X1 [KO:K07375]
100080473  TUBB1; tubulin beta-1 chain isoform X1 [KO:K07375]
100086969  TUBB4A; tubulin beta-4A chain [KO:K07375]
100089091  TUBB6; tubulin beta-6 chain [KO:K07375]
100080031  TUBB3; tubulin beta-3 chain [KO:K07375]
100077354  TUBB4B; tubulin beta-4B chain [KO:K07375]
100079562  tubulin beta-2B chain [KO:K07375]
107546818  TUBB; tubulin beta chain [KO:K07375]
114805411  tubulin beta-2B chain [KO:K07375]
114805389  tubulin beta-2A chain isoform X2 [KO:K07375]
100090019  AGER; advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor [KO:K19722]
114809992  HRAS; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
100085430  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
100074671  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
100084423  ARAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf isoform X1 [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100086380  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X2 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100089456  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100080362  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100087942  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100082988  cytochrome b-245 heavy chain [KO:K21421] [EC:1.-.-.-]
100081482  NOX4; NADPH oxidase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K21423] [EC:1.6.3.-]
100074633  RELA; transcription factor p65 isoform X1 [KO:K04735]
100083819  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
100075386  NOS2; nitric oxide synthase, inducible isoform X1 [KO:K13241] [EC:1.14.13.39]
100086096  PTGS2; prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 [KO:K11987] [EC:1.14.99.1]
100085643  TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
100083298  IL6; interleukin-6 [KO:K05405]
103165286  interleukin-1 beta [KO:K04519]
100073393  CSF1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05453]
100077821  EIF2AK2; interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase [KO:K16195] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100082351  CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
100078925  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
100073613  IKBKG; NF-kappa-B essential modulator [KO:K07210]
114810063  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
100079104  INSR; insulin receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103170729  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
114805830  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
114808089  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin receptor substrate 1-like [KO:K17445]
100080187  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
100082075  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
103167126  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha [KO:K02649]
100086270  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100073788  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100074273  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100083320  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100081473  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100090267  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X2 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100079751  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100093196  ULK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100077170  ULK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114814763  ATG101; autophagy-related protein 101 [KO:K19730]
100087432  ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
100079581  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
100093574  AMBRA1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 [KO:K17985]
100083983  BECN1; beclin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K08334]
100080711  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100681077  ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
100079809  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 [KO:K21246]
100076306  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
100081216  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
100681456  ATG2A; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
100078638  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
100082003  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 [KO:K17908]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00038  Zinc cation
C00070  Copper
C00076  Calcium cation
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00704  Superoxide
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01319  Hg
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C14818  Fe2+
C16514  Amyloid beta protein 40
C16515  Amyloid beta protein 42
C16845  Peroxynitrite
C19610  Manganese(2+)
C21011  [Protein]-N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine
C21012  [Protein]-N(epsilon)-(carboxyethyl)lysine
C21013  [Protein]-pyrraline
C21014  [Protein]-pentosidine
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Apoptotic mechanisms in Alzheimer neurofibrillary degeneration: cause or effect?
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Related
pathway
oaa00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
oaa03050  Proteasome
oaa04020  Calcium signaling pathway
oaa04140  Autophagy - animal
oaa04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
oaa04210  Apoptosis
oaa04310  Wnt signaling pathway
oaa04910  Insulin signaling pathway
oaa04933  AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications
KO pathway
ko05010   
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system