KEGG   PATHWAY: oga05161
Entry
oga05161                    Pathway                                
Name
Hepatitis B - Otolemur garnettii (small-eared galago)
Description
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped virus and contains a partially double-stranded relaxed circular DNA (RC-DNA) genome. After entry into hepatocytes, HBV RC-DNA is transported to the nucleus and converted into a covalently closed circular molecule cccDNA. The cccDNA is the template for transcription of all viral RNAs including the pregenomic RNA (pgRNA), encoding for 7 viral proteins: large, middle, and small envelope proteins (LHBs, MHBs, and SHBs) that form the surface antigen (HBsAg), the core antigen (HBcAg), the e antigen (HBeAg), the HBV polymerase, and the regulatory protein X (HBx). The pgRNA interacts with the viral polymerase protein to initiate the encapsidation into the core particles. Through endoplasmic reticulum, the core particles finish assembling with the envelope proteins and are released. HBV infection leads to a wide spectrum of liver diseases raging from chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. The mechanism of liver injury is still not clear. However, HBV proteins target host proteins, involved in a variety of functions, thus regulating transcription, cellular signaling cascades, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: viral
Pathway map
oga05161  Hepatitis B
oga05161

Organism
Otolemur garnettii (small-eared galago) [GN:oga]
Gene
100951313  HSPG2; basement membrane-specific heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein [KO:K06255]
100958102  SLC10A1; sodium/bile acid cotransporter [KO:K14341]
100949640  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 isoform X2 [KO:K13375]
100956747  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 isoform X2 [KO:K13376]
100955213  TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3 [KO:K13377]
100953115  TGFBR1; TGF-beta receptor type-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
100960821  TGFBR2; TGF-beta receptor type-2 isoform X2 [KO:K04388] [EC:2.7.11.30]
100962223  SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 [KO:K23605]
100946725  CDKN1A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 [KO:K06625]
100957169  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100967053  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100960275  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100952981  MYC; myc proto-oncogene protein [KO:K04377]
100943294  EGR2; E3 SUMO-protein ligase EGR2 isoform X1 [KO:K12496]
100966797  EGR3; early growth response protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12497]
100943144  CREBBP; CREB-binding protein isoform X3 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
100963040  EP300; histone acetyltransferase p300 isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
100951008  FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04389]
100958535  DDB1; DNA damage-binding protein 1 [KO:K10610]
100962402  DDB2; DNA damage-binding protein 2 [KO:K10140]
100957675  MAP3K1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04416] [EC:2.7.11.25]
100958798  YWHAB; 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha [KO:K16197]
100945575  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha-like [KO:K16197]
100953470  14-3-3 protein zeta/delta [KO:K16197]
100953720  YWHAZ; 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta [KO:K16197]
100948188  YWHAQ; 14-3-3 protein theta [KO:K16197]
100945898  MAP2K4; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 isoform X4 [KO:K04430] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100947138  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100953367  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100954109  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100956838  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
100952580  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
100949858  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
100959825  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100955276  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100945977  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100949554  CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
100946157  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
100958883  IKBKG; NF-kappa-B essential modulator isoform X1 [KO:K07210]
100947991  NFKBIA; NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha [KO:K04734]
100951061  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
100957990  RELA; transcription factor p65 isoform X3 [KO:K04735]
100942813  MMP9; matrix metalloproteinase-9 [KO:K01403] [EC:3.4.24.35]
100955447  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
100962306  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
100957582  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390]
100960309  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
100965468  CASP8; caspase-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
100965785  CASP10; caspase-10 isoform X1 [KO:K04400] [EC:3.4.22.63]
100960302  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist [KO:K04726]
100957285  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX [KO:K02159]
100959812  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 [KO:K02084]
100952744  cytochrome c, somatic [KO:K08738]
100946237  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
100961637  cytochrome c, testis-specific [KO:K08738]
100951508  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
100957904  CASP9; caspase-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
100961435  CASP3; caspase-3 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
100954053  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: caspase-12-like [KO:K04741] [EC:3.4.22.-]
100961291  BIRC5; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 [KO:K08731]
100963622  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 [KO:K04451]
100942167  CCNA1; cyclin-A1 [KO:K06627]
100966485  CCNA2; cyclin-A2 [KO:K06627]
100964880  CDK2; cyclin-dependent kinase 2 isoform X2 [KO:K02206] [EC:2.7.11.22]
100958215  CCNE1; G1/S-specific cyclin-E1 [KO:K06626]
100959381  CCNE2; G1/S-specific cyclin-E2 [KO:K06626]
100951476  RB1; retinoblastoma-associated protein [KO:K06618]
100957114  E2F1; transcription factor E2F1 [KO:K17454]
100956861  E2F2; transcription factor E2F2 [KO:K09389]
100942819  E2F3; transcription factor E2F3 [KO:K06620]
100964848  ATP6AP1; V-type proton ATPase subunit S1 [KO:K03662]
100965377  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100943579  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X2 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100956877  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type isoform X2 [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100940498  NFATC1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04446]
100955220  NFATC2; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 isoform X2 [KO:K17332]
100966615  NFATC3; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 [KO:K17333]
100950273  NFATC4; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 isoform X1 [KO:K17334]
100963613  TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
100955095  JAK1; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 [KO:K11217] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100948875  JAK2; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 isoform X1 [KO:K04447] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100954742  JAK3; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK3 [KO:K11218] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100962299  TYK2; non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2 [KO:K11219] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100958469  STAT3; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04692]
100956762  STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta [KO:K11220]
100944401  STAT2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 isoform X2 [KO:K11221]
100957076  STAT4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 [KO:K11222]
100958999  STAT5A; signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A [KO:K11223]
100955743  signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B [KO:K11224]
100949888  STAT6; signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 isoform X1 [KO:K11225]
100945532  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 [KO:K15041]
100959766  PTK2B; protein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta isoform X1 [KO:K05871] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100941865  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100948701  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
100958517  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
100943020  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 [KO:K03099]
100951644  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
100953050  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X3 [KO:K07827]
100949583  NRAS; GTPase NRas isoform X1 [KO:K07828]
100965098  JUN; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
100955502  SMAD4; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 [KO:K04501]
100966891  ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 [KO:K04450]
100964324  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K05870]
100966324  CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 [KO:K09048]
100951671  CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048]
100941510  CREB3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 [KO:K09048]
100955062  CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048]
100952085  CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
100940993  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
100952718  CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047]
100951769  ATF6B; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta isoform X2 [KO:K09049]
111725388  CXCL8; interleukin-8 [KO:K10030]
100957112  PCNA; proliferating cell nuclear antigen [KO:K04802]
100947929  ARAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100955336  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X1 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100941062  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100959926  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100956072  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100951533  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100957343  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100953435  FOS; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
100949181  ELK1; ETS domain-containing protein Elk-1 isoform X2 [KO:K04375]
100964048  TLR2; toll-like receptor 2 [KO:K10159]
100948454  MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729]
100956619  TIRAP; toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein [KO:K05403]
100956359  TLR4; toll-like receptor 4 [KO:K10160]
100956612  IRAK4; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100951843  IRAK1; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 [KO:K04730] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100945817  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
100949838  TAB1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 [KO:K04403]
100955970  TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 [KO:K04404]
100962907  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
100949231  IL6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: interleukin-6 [KO:K05405]
100955929  MAP2K3; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 isoform X2 [KO:K04432] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100962457  MAP2K6; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 [KO:K04433] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100956269  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100957118  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100963993  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 isoform X2 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100964304  MAPK12; mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100966900  MAP2K7; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 isoform X4 [KO:K04431] [EC:2.7.12.2]
105886305  TICAM2; TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 2 [KO:K05409]
100956502  TLR3; toll-like receptor 3 [KO:K05401]
100961846  TICAM1; TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 1 [KO:K05842]
100964728  DDX58; probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX58 [KO:K12646] [EC:5.6.2.6]
100958514  IFIH1; interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12647] [EC:5.6.2.6]
100945143  MAVS; mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein isoform X1 [KO:K12648]
100947925  TRAF3; TNF receptor-associated factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K03174]
100941040  IKBKE; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K07211] [EC:2.7.11.10]
100940759  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
100960830  DDX3X; ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX3X isoform X1 [KO:K11594] [EC:5.6.2.7]
100943304  IRF3; interferon regulatory factor 3 isoform X2 [KO:K05411]
100950073  IRF7; interferon regulatory factor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K09447]
100962353  interferon alpha-10-like [KO:K05414]
100955951  interferon alpha-10-like isoform X2 [KO:K05414]
100945944  interferon alpha-4-like [KO:K05414]
100945309  interferon alpha-5-like [KO:K05414]
100956963  interferon alpha-5-like [KO:K05414]
100957574  interferon alpha-5-like [KO:K05414]
100958440  interferon alpha-5-like [KO:K05414]
100958763  interferon alpha-10-like [KO:K05414]
100959074  interferon alpha-5-like [KO:K05414]
100946255  interferon alpha-10-like [KO:K05414]
100959385  IFNB1; interferon beta [KO:K05415]
100958617  IFNAR1; interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 [KO:K05130]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
Reference
PMID:30059722
  Authors
Caballero A, Tabernero D, Buti M, Rodriguez-Frias F
  Title
Hepatitis B virus: The challenge of an ancient virus with multiple faces and a remarkable replication strategy.
  Journal
Antiviral Res 158:34-44 (2018)
DOI:10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.07.019
Reference
PMID:22869468
  Authors
Walsh R, Locarnini S
  Title
Hepatitis B precore protein: pathogenic potential and therapeutic promise.
  Journal
Yonsei Med J 53:875-85 (2012)
DOI:10.3349/ymj.2012.53.5.875
Reference
PMID:26239691
  Authors
Liang TJ, Block TM, McMahon BJ, Ghany MG, Urban S, Guo JT, Locarnini S, Zoulim F, Chang KM, Lok AS
  Title
Present and future therapies of hepatitis B: From discovery to cure.
  Journal
Hepatology 62:1893-908 (2015)
DOI:10.1002/hep.28025
Reference
PMID:26776362
  Authors
Morikawa K, Suda G, Sakamoto N
  Title
Viral life cycle of hepatitis B virus: Host factors and druggable targets.
  Journal
Hepatol Res 46:871-7 (2016)
DOI:10.1111/hepr.12650
Reference
PMID:19201080
  Authors
Feitelson MA, Reis HM, Tufan NL, Sun B, Pan J, Lian Z
  Title
Putative roles of hepatitis B x antigen in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 286:69-79 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2008.12.010
Reference
PMID:19263472
  Authors
Murata M, Matsuzaki K, Yoshida K, Sekimoto G, Tahashi Y, Mori S, Uemura Y, Sakaida N, Fujisawa J, Seki T, Kobayashi K, Yokote K, Koike K, Okazaki K
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein shifts human hepatic transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling from tumor suppression to oncogenesis in early chronic hepatitis B.
  Journal
Hepatology 49:1203-17 (2009)
DOI:10.1002/hep.22765
Reference
PMID:15173177
  Authors
Yoo YG, Lee MO
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein induces expression of Fas ligand gene through enhancing transcriptional activity of early growth response factor.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:36242-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M401290200
Reference
PMID:16459163
  Authors
Zhang X, Zhang H, Ye L
  Title
Effects of hepatitis B virus X protein on the development of liver cancer.
  Journal
J Lab Clin Med 147:58-66 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.lab.2005.10.003
Reference
PMID:19854353
  Authors
Benhenda S, Cougot D, Buendia MA, Neuveut C
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein molecular functions and its role in virus life cycle and pathogenesis.
  Journal
Adv Cancer Res 103:75-109 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/S0065-230X(09)03004-8
Reference
PMID:21994562
  Authors
Benhenda S, Cougot D, Neuveut C, Buendia MA
  Title
Liver cell transformation in chronic HBV infection.
  Journal
Viruses 1:630-46 (2009)
DOI:10.3390/v1030630
Reference
PMID:11099494
  Authors
Diao J, Khine AA, Sarangi F, Hsu E, Iorio C, Tibbles LA, Woodgett JR, Penninger J, Richardson CD
  Title
X protein of hepatitis B virus inhibits Fas-mediated apoptosis and is associated with up-regulation of the SAPK/JNK pathway.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 276:8328-40 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M006026200
Reference
PMID:16891440
  Authors
Park NH, Song IH, Chung YH
  Title
Chronic hepatitis B in hepatocarcinogenesis.
  Journal
Postgrad Med J 82:507-15 (2006)
DOI:10.1136/pgmj.2006.047431
Reference
PMID:28820498
  Authors
Lin S, Zhang YJ
  Title
Interference of Apoptosis by Hepatitis B Virus.
  Journal
Viruses 9:E230 (2017)
DOI:10.3390/v9080230
Reference
PMID:16173017
  Authors
Zhang X, Dong N, Yin L, Cai N, Ma H, You J, Zhang H, Wang H, He R, Ye L
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein upregulates survivin expression in hepatoma tissues.
  Journal
J Med Virol 77:374-81 (2005)
DOI:10.1002/jmv.20466
Reference
PMID:18481805
  Authors
Kim HJ, Kim SY, Kim J, Lee H, Choi M, Kim JK, Ahn JK
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein induces apoptosis by enhancing translocation of Bax to mitochondria.
  Journal
IUBMB Life 60:473-80 (2008)
DOI:10.1002/iub.68
Reference
PMID:21647825
  Authors
Ng SA, Lee C
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X gene and hepatocarcinogenesis.
  Journal
J Gastroenterol 46:974-90 (2011)
DOI:10.1007/s00535-011-0415-9
Reference
PMID:9195957
  Authors
Cong YS, Yao YL, Yang WM, Kuzhandaivelu N, Seto E
  Title
The hepatitis B virus X-associated protein, XAP3, is a protein kinase C-binding protein.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 272:16482-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.272.26.16482
Reference
PMID:12686421
  Authors
Panteva M, Korkaya H, Jameel S
  Title
Hepatitis viruses and the MAPK pathway: is this a survival strategy?
  Journal
Virus Res 92:131-40 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0168-1702(02)00356-8
Reference
PMID:9738022
  Authors
Lee YH, Yun Y
  Title
HBx protein of hepatitis B virus activates Jak1-STAT signaling.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:25510-5 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.39.25510
Reference
PMID:18251977
  Authors
Tan A, Yeh SH, Liu CJ, Cheung C, Chen PJ
  Title
Viral hepatocarcinogenesis: from infection to cancer.
  Journal
Liver Int 28:175-88 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2007.01652.x
Reference
PMID:17059849
  Authors
Chami M, Oules B, Paterlini-Brechot P
  Title
Cytobiological consequences of calcium-signaling alterations induced by human viral proteins.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1763:1344-62 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2006.09.025
Reference
PMID:11743185
  Authors
Ganem D
  Title
Virology. The X files--one step closer to closure.
  Journal
Science 294:2299-300 (2001)
DOI:10.1126/science.1067850
Reference
PMID:15132991
  Authors
Chung TW, Lee YC, Kim CH
  Title
Hepatitis B viral HBx induces matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene expression through activation of ERK and PI-3K/AKT pathways: involvement of invasive potential.
  Journal
FASEB J 18:1123-5 (2004)
DOI:10.1096/fj.03-1429fje
Reference
PMID:18605975
  Authors
Gurtsevitch VE
  Title
Human oncogenic viruses: hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses and their role in hepatocarcinogenesis.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 73:504-13 (2008)
DOI:10.1134/S0006297908050039
Reference
PMID:21994545
  Authors
Schadler S, Hildt E
  Title
HBV life cycle: entry and morphogenesis.
  Journal
Viruses 1:185-209 (2009)
DOI:10.3390/v1020185
Reference
PMID:28862649
  Authors
Ortega-Prieto AM, Dorner M
  Title
Immune Evasion Strategies during Chronic Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection.
  Journal
Vaccines (Basel) 5:E24 (2017)
DOI:10.3390/vaccines5030024
Reference
PMID:28704708
  Authors
Nosratabadi R, Alavian SM, Zare-Bidaki M, Shahrokhi VM, Arababadi MK
  Title
Innate immunity related pathogen recognition receptors and chronic hepatitis B infection.
  Journal
Mol Immunol 90:64-73 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2017.07.002
Reference
PMID:24530748
  Authors
Bagheri V, Askari A, Arababadi MK, Kennedy D
  Title
Can Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 2 be considered as a new target for immunotherapy against hepatitis B infection?
  Journal
Hum Immunol 75:549-54 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.humimm.2014.02.018
Reference
PMID:25550115
  Authors
Zhang E, Lu M
  Title
Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated innate immune responses in the control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
  Journal
Med Microbiol Immunol 204:11-20 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00430-014-0370-1
Reference
PMID:20375222
  Authors
Yu S, Chen J, Wu M, Chen H, Kato N, Yuan Z
  Title
Hepatitis B virus polymerase inhibits RIG-I- and Toll-like receptor 3-mediated beta interferon induction in human hepatocytes through interference with interferon regulatory factor 3 activation and dampening of the interaction between TBK1/IKKepsilon and DDX3.
  Journal
J Gen Virol 91:2080-90 (2010)
DOI:10.1099/vir.0.020552-0
Reference
PMID:23363957
  Authors
Revill P, Yuan Z
  Title
New insights into how HBV manipulates the innate immune response to establish acute and persistent infection.
  Journal
Antivir Ther 18:1-15 (2013)
DOI:10.3851/IMP2542
Reference
PMID:28893934
  Authors
Hopcraft SE, Damania B
  Title
Tumour viruses and innate immunity.
  Journal
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 372:20160267 (2017)
DOI:10.1098/rstb.2016.0267
Reference
PMID:22504921
  Authors
Dandri M, Locarnini S
  Title
New insight in the pathobiology of hepatitis B virus infection.
  Journal
Gut 61 Suppl 1:i6-17 (2012)
DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302056
Related
pathway
oga04010  MAPK signaling pathway
oga04064  NF-kappa B signaling pathway
oga04110  Cell cycle
oga04115  p53 signaling pathway
oga04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
oga04210  Apoptosis
oga04620  Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
oga04622  RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway
oga04630  JAK-STAT signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05161   
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