Entry
Name
MAPK signaling pathway - Varanus komodoensis (Komodo dragon)
Description
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is a highly conserved module that is involved in various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Mammals express at least four distinctly regulated groups of MAPKs, extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK)-1/2, Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK1/2/3), p38 proteins (p38alpha/beta/gamma/delta) and ERK5, that are activated by specific MAPKKs: MEK1/2 for ERK1/2, MKK3/6 for the p38, MKK4/7 (JNKK1/2) for the JNKs, and MEK5 for ERK5. Each MAPKK, however, can be activated by more than one MAPKKK, increasing the complexity and diversity of MAPK signalling. Presumably each MAPKKK confers responsiveness to distinct stimuli. For example, activation of ERK1/2 by growth factors depends on the MAPKKK c-Raf, but other MAPKKKs may activate ERK1/2 in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Varanus komodoensis (Komodo dragon) [GN:
vko ]
Gene
123035671 CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344 ]
123028241 CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849 ]
123016508 CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850 ]
123034083 CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D [KO:K04851 ]
123027874 CACNA1E; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent R-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1E [KO:K04852 ]
123029960 CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853 ]
123018180 CACNA1G; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G [KO:K04854 ]
123025136 CACNA1H; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H [KO:K04855 ]
123036269 CACNA1I; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I [KO:K04856 ]
123024268 CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857 ]
123020042 CACNA2D1; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04858 ]
123034117 CACNA2D2; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04859 ]
123034269 CACNA2D3; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-3 [KO:K04860 ]
123016513 CACNA2D4; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-4 [KO:K04861 ]
123031759 CACNB1; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 [KO:K04862 ]
123020722 CACNB2; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04863 ]
123019210 CACNB3; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 [KO:K04864 ]
123017266 CACNB4; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 [KO:K04865 ]
123033150 CACNG1; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit [KO:K04866 ]
123028815 CACNG2; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit [KO:K04867 ]
123034861 CACNG3; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-3 subunit [KO:K04868 ]
123033133 CACNG4; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-4 subunit [KO:K04869 ]
123033140 CACNG5; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit [KO:K04870 ]
123032289 CACNG6; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-6 subunit [KO:K04871 ]
123032293 CACNG7; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-7 subunit [KO:K04872 ]
123032236 CACNG8; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-8 subunit [KO:K04873 ]
123025206 GNA12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 [KO:K04346 ]
123028568 GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
123027009 PPP3CC; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
123022492 PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
123030750 RASGRF1; ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 [KO:K04349 ]
123031590 RASGRF2; ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12326 ]
123023712 RAPGEF2; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08018 ]
123025095 PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X1 [KO:K04359 ]
123036177 PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B isoform X1 [KO:K17386 ]
123029887 CSF1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05453 ]
123032337 FLT3LG; fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X1 [KO:K05454 ]
123032604 VEGFB; vascular endothelial growth factor B isoform X1 [KO:K05448 ]
123031485 VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform X1 [KO:K05448 ]
123026157 snake venom vascular endothelial growth factor toxin vammin-like [KO:K05448 ]
123023707 VEGFC; vascular endothelial growth factor C isoform X1 [KO:K05449 ]
123024062 GDNF; glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor isoform X1 [KO:K05452 ]
123030616 NGFR; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16 isoform X1 [KO:K02583 ]
123020797 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16-like [KO:K02583 ]
123036185 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
123025913 TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13375 ]
123021868 TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13376 ]
123033212 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A-like [KO:K03158 ]
123028014 FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
123018472 FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390 ]
123024904 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392 ]
123030987 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393 ]
123025496 TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein isoform X1 [KO:K03171 ]
123020809 MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729 ]
123031599 GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402 ]
123028561 GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04402 ]
123018714 GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402 ]
123035987 TAB1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 [KO:K04403 ]
123019868 TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04404 ]
123030038 ECSIT; evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathway, mitochondrial [KO:K04405 ]
123026265 MAPK8IP1; C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 1 [KO:K04434 ]
123023809 MAPK8IP2; C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 2 [KO:K04435 ]
123024989 MAPK8IP3; C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04436 ]
123021648 NFATC1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04446 ]
123025522 NFATC3; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 [KO:K17333 ]
123021813 ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450 ]
123031554 MEF2C; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C isoform X1 [KO:K04454 ]
123019242 NR4A1; nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04465 ]
123022802 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
123018287 NFKB2; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04469 ]
Compound
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Chen Z, Gibson TB, Robinson F, Silvestro L, Pearson G, Xu B, Wright A, Vanderbilt C, Cobb MH.
Title
MAP kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tanoue T, Nishida E.
Title
Docking interactions in the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dent P, Yacoub A, Fisher PB, Hagan MP, Grant S.
Title
MAPK pathways in radiation responses.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Huang EJ, Reichardt LF.
Title
Trk receptors: roles in neuronal signal transduction.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Harper SJ, LoGrasso P.
Title
Signalling for survival and death in neurones: the role of stress-activated kinases, JNK and p38.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Takeda K, Ichijo H
Title
Neuronal p38 MAPK signalling: an emerging regulator of cell fate and function in the nervous system.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yang SH, Sharrocks AD, Whitmarsh AJ.
Title
Transcriptional regulation by the MAP kinase signaling cascades.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhu X, Lee HG, Raina AK, Perry G, Smith MA.
Title
The role of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in Alzheimer's disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cho H, Lee J, Kwak NJ, Lee KH, Rha S, Kim YH, Cho YY, Yang KH, Kim K, Lim Y.
Title
Silica induces nuclear factor-kappaB activation through TAK1 and NIK in Rat2 cell line.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lemmon MA, Schlessinger J
Title
Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Skaper SD
Title
The neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors: an overview.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chu WM
Title
Tumor necrosis factor.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Newton K, Dixit VM
Title
Signaling in innate immunity and inflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gaestel M, Kotlyarov A, Kracht M
Title
Targeting innate immunity protein kinase signalling in inflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ajibade AA, Wang HY, Wang RF
Title
Cell type-specific function of TAK1 in innate immune signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Turner MD, Nedjai B, Hurst T, Pennington DJ
Title
Cytokines and chemokines: At the crossroads of cell signalling and inflammatory disease.
Journal
Related pathway
vko04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
KO pathway
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