Entry Name Hepatitis B - Tupaia chinensis (Chinese tree shrew)
Description Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped virus and contains a partially double-stranded relaxed circular DNA (RC-DNA) genome. After entry into hepatocytes, HBV RC-DNA is transported to the nucleus and converted into a covalently closed circular molecule cccDNA. The cccDNA is the template for transcription of all viral RNAs including the pregenomic RNA (pgRNA), encoding for 7 viral proteins: large, middle, and small envelope proteins (LHBs, MHBs, and SHBs) that form the surface antigen (HBsAg), the core antigen (HBcAg), the e antigen (HBeAg), the HBV polymerase, and the regulatory protein X (HBx). The pgRNA interacts with the viral polymerase protein to initiate the encapsidation into the core particles. Through endoplasmic reticulum, the core particles finish assembling with the envelope proteins and are released. HBV infection leads to a wide spectrum of liver diseases raging from chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. The mechanism of liver injury is still not clear. However, HBV proteins target host proteins, involved in a variety of functions, thus regulating transcription, cellular signaling cascades, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
Class Human Diseases; Infectious disease: viralBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Disease Organism Tupaia chinensis (Chinese tree shrew) [GN:
tup ]
Gene 102469401 PIK3R2; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2 [KO:K02649 ]
102471928 CREB3L2; cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 2 [KO:K09048 ]
102475477 STAT4; signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 [KO:K11222 ]
102476590 STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 [KO:K11220 ]
102476758 IKBKG; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase subunit gamma [KO:K07210 ]
102477222 SOS2; SOS Ras/Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 [KO:K03099 ]
102477989 STAT2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 [KO:K11221 ]
102478674 TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 [KO:K04404 ]
102479566 TAB1; TGF-beta activated kinase 1 (MAP3K7) binding protein 1 [KO:K04403 ]
102481444 STAT5A; signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A [KO:K11223 ]
102483329 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
102483469 YWHAB; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein beta [KO:K16197 ]
102484102 CREB3L3; cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 3 [KO:K09048 ]
102484444 PIK3R3; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 [KO:K02649 ]
102484500 PIK3R1; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K02649 ]
102485633 STAT6; signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 [KO:K11225 ]
102488182 YWHAZ; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein zeta [KO:K16197 ]
102491199 FOS; Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit [KO:K04379 ]
102491362 CREB3L1; cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 1 [KO:K09048 ]
102492323 STAT5B; signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B [KO:K11224 ]
102492738 STAT3; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 [KO:K04692 ]
102494629 SOS1; SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 [KO:K03099 ]
102494703 CREB3L4; cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 4 [KO:K09048 ]
102496870 JUN; Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit [KO:K04448 ]
102497318 YWHAQ; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein theta [KO:K16197 ]
102501999 MYC; v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog [KO:K04377 ]
Compound Reference Authors Caballero A, Tabernero D, Buti M, Rodriguez-Frias F
Title Hepatitis B virus: The challenge of an ancient virus with multiple faces and a remarkable replication strategy.
Journal Reference Authors Walsh R, Locarnini S
Title Hepatitis B precore protein: pathogenic potential and therapeutic promise.
Journal Reference Authors Liang TJ, Block TM, McMahon BJ, Ghany MG, Urban S, Guo JT, Locarnini S, Zoulim F, Chang KM, Lok AS
Title Present and future therapies of hepatitis B: From discovery to cure.
Journal Reference Authors Morikawa K, Suda G, Sakamoto N
Title Viral life cycle of hepatitis B virus: Host factors and druggable targets.
Journal Reference Authors Feitelson MA, Reis HM, Tufan NL, Sun B, Pan J, Lian Z
Title Putative roles of hepatitis B x antigen in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease.
Journal Reference Authors Murata M, Matsuzaki K, Yoshida K, Sekimoto G, Tahashi Y, Mori S, Uemura Y, Sakaida N, Fujisawa J, Seki T, Kobayashi K, Yokote K, Koike K, Okazaki K
Title Hepatitis B virus X protein shifts human hepatic transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling from tumor suppression to oncogenesis in early chronic hepatitis B.
Journal Reference Authors Yoo YG, Lee MO
Title Hepatitis B virus X protein induces expression of Fas ligand gene through enhancing transcriptional activity of early growth response factor.
Journal Reference Authors Zhang X, Zhang H, Ye L
Title Effects of hepatitis B virus X protein on the development of liver cancer.
Journal Reference Authors Benhenda S, Cougot D, Buendia MA, Neuveut C
Title Hepatitis B virus X protein molecular functions and its role in virus life cycle and pathogenesis.
Journal Reference Authors Benhenda S, Cougot D, Neuveut C, Buendia MA
Title Liver cell transformation in chronic HBV infection.
Journal Reference Authors Diao J, Khine AA, Sarangi F, Hsu E, Iorio C, Tibbles LA, Woodgett JR, Penninger J, Richardson CD
Title X protein of hepatitis B virus inhibits Fas-mediated apoptosis and is associated with up-regulation of the SAPK/JNK pathway.
Journal Reference Authors Park NH, Song IH, Chung YH
Title Chronic hepatitis B in hepatocarcinogenesis.
Journal Reference Authors Lin S, Zhang YJ
Title Interference of Apoptosis by Hepatitis B Virus.
Journal Reference Authors Zhang X, Dong N, Yin L, Cai N, Ma H, You J, Zhang H, Wang H, He R, Ye L
Title Hepatitis B virus X protein upregulates survivin expression in hepatoma tissues.
Journal Reference Authors Kim HJ, Kim SY, Kim J, Lee H, Choi M, Kim JK, Ahn JK
Title Hepatitis B virus X protein induces apoptosis by enhancing translocation of Bax to mitochondria.
Journal Reference Authors Ng SA, Lee C
Title Hepatitis B virus X gene and hepatocarcinogenesis.
Journal Reference Authors Cong YS, Yao YL, Yang WM, Kuzhandaivelu N, Seto E
Title The hepatitis B virus X-associated protein, XAP3, is a protein kinase C-binding protein.
Journal Reference Authors Panteva M, Korkaya H, Jameel S
Title Hepatitis viruses and the MAPK pathway: is this a survival strategy?
Journal Reference Authors Lee YH, Yun Y
Title HBx protein of hepatitis B virus activates Jak1-STAT signaling.
Journal Reference Authors Tan A, Yeh SH, Liu CJ, Cheung C, Chen PJ
Title Viral hepatocarcinogenesis: from infection to cancer.
Journal Reference Authors Chami M, Oules B, Paterlini-Brechot P
Title Cytobiological consequences of calcium-signaling alterations induced by human viral proteins.
Journal Reference Authors Ganem D
Title Virology. The X files--one step closer to closure.
Journal Reference Authors Chung TW, Lee YC, Kim CH
Title Hepatitis B viral HBx induces matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene expression through activation of ERK and PI-3K/AKT pathways: involvement of invasive potential.
Journal Reference Authors Gurtsevitch VE
Title Human oncogenic viruses: hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses and their role in hepatocarcinogenesis.
Journal Reference Authors Schadler S, Hildt E
Title HBV life cycle: entry and morphogenesis.
Journal Reference Authors Ortega-Prieto AM, Dorner M
Title Immune Evasion Strategies during Chronic Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection.
Journal Reference Authors Nosratabadi R, Alavian SM, Zare-Bidaki M, Shahrokhi VM, Arababadi MK
Title Innate immunity related pathogen recognition receptors and chronic hepatitis B infection.
Journal Reference Authors Bagheri V, Askari A, Arababadi MK, Kennedy D
Title Can Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 2 be considered as a new target for immunotherapy against hepatitis B infection?
Journal Reference Authors Zhang E, Lu M
Title Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated innate immune responses in the control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
Journal Reference Authors Yu S, Chen J, Wu M, Chen H, Kato N, Yuan Z
Title Hepatitis B virus polymerase inhibits RIG-I- and Toll-like receptor 3-mediated beta interferon induction in human hepatocytes through interference with interferon regulatory factor 3 activation and dampening of the interaction between TBK1/IKKepsilon and DDX3.
Journal Reference Authors Revill P, Yuan Z
Title New insights into how HBV manipulates the innate immune response to establish acute and persistent infection.
Journal Reference Authors Hopcraft SE, Damania B
Title Tumour viruses and innate immunity.
Journal Reference Authors Dandri M, Locarnini S
Title New insight in the pathobiology of hepatitis B virus infection.
Journal Related tup04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
tup04622 RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway
