Entry
Name
MAPK signaling pathway - Electrophorus electricus (electric eel)
Description
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is a highly conserved module that is involved in various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Mammals express at least four distinctly regulated groups of MAPKs, extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK)-1/2, Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK1/2/3), p38 proteins (p38alpha/beta/gamma/delta) and ERK5, that are activated by specific MAPKKs: MEK1/2 for ERK1/2, MKK3/6 for the p38, MKK4/7 (JNKK1/2) for the JNKs, and MEK5 for ERK5. Each MAPKK, however, can be activated by more than one MAPKKK, increasing the complexity and diversity of MAPK signalling. Presumably each MAPKKK confers responsiveness to distinct stimuli. For example, activation of ERK1/2 by growth factors depends on the MAPKKK c-Raf, but other MAPKKKs may activate ERK1/2 in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Disease
H02157 Short-rib thoracic dysplasia
Other DBs
Organism
Electrophorus electricus (electric eel) [GN:
eee ]
Gene
113568152 gadd45b; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta isoform X1 [KO:K04402 ]
113569912 ngfr; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16 [KO:K02583 ]
113570637 cacng6; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-6 subunit [KO:K04871 ]
113570740 rapgef2; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08018 ]
113572902 mef2c; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C [KO:K04454 ]
113573982 rasgrf1; ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 [KO:K04349 ]
113576794 pdgfa; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X1 [KO:K04359 ]
113577345 ppp3ca; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
113578011 ddit3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein [KO:K04452 ]
113578091 fgf23; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 23 [KO:K22428 ]
113578092 vegfa; vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform X1 [KO:K05448 ]
113578747 cacna1f; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853 ]
113579129 tradd; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein [KO:K03171 ]
113579485 atf4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
113579727 tab1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 [KO:K04403 ]
113580207 cacnb1; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04862 ]
113580228 mapk8ip3; C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04436 ]
113580323 cacng2; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit [KO:K04867 ]
113580442 cacna1d; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D [KO:K04851 ]
113580519 mapk8ip2; C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04435 ]
113580910 cacng3; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-3 subunit [KO:K04868 ]
113581016 gna12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 isoform X1 [KO:K04346 ]
113581832 ecsit; evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathway, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K04405 ]
113582331 atf2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450 ]
113583119 cacnb3; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04864 ]
113583190 cacnb2; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04863 ]
113583212 cacna1g; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G isoform X1 [KO:K04854 ]
113583287 nfatc1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K04446 ]
113584941 cacna1h; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H isoform X1 [KO:K04855 ]
113585082 myd88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729 ]
113586062 mapk8ip1; C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04434 ]
113586976 cacna1s; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X1 [KO:K04857 ]
113588037 nfkb1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
113588458 gadd45g; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402 ]
113588549 il1rap; interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein isoform X1 [KO:K04723 ]
113589932 tab2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04404 ]
113590829 cacng5; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit [KO:K04870 ]
Compound
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Chen Z, Gibson TB, Robinson F, Silvestro L, Pearson G, Xu B, Wright A, Vanderbilt C, Cobb MH.
Title
MAP kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tanoue T, Nishida E.
Title
Docking interactions in the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dent P, Yacoub A, Fisher PB, Hagan MP, Grant S.
Title
MAPK pathways in radiation responses.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Huang EJ, Reichardt LF.
Title
Trk receptors: roles in neuronal signal transduction.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Harper SJ, LoGrasso P.
Title
Signalling for survival and death in neurones: the role of stress-activated kinases, JNK and p38.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Takeda K, Ichijo H
Title
Neuronal p38 MAPK signalling: an emerging regulator of cell fate and function in the nervous system.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yang SH, Sharrocks AD, Whitmarsh AJ.
Title
Transcriptional regulation by the MAP kinase signaling cascades.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhu X, Lee HG, Raina AK, Perry G, Smith MA.
Title
The role of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in Alzheimer's disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cho H, Lee J, Kwak NJ, Lee KH, Rha S, Kim YH, Cho YY, Yang KH, Kim K, Lim Y.
Title
Silica induces nuclear factor-kappaB activation through TAK1 and NIK in Rat2 cell line.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lemmon MA, Schlessinger J
Title
Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Skaper SD
Title
The neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors: an overview.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chu WM
Title
Tumor necrosis factor.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Newton K, Dixit VM
Title
Signaling in innate immunity and inflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gaestel M, Kotlyarov A, Kracht M
Title
Targeting innate immunity protein kinase signalling in inflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ajibade AA, Wang HY, Wang RF
Title
Cell type-specific function of TAK1 in innate immune signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Turner MD, Nedjai B, Hurst T, Pennington DJ
Title
Cytokines and chemokines: At the crossroads of cell signalling and inflammatory disease.
Journal
Related pathway
eee04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
KO pathway