Entry
Name
MAPK signaling pathway - Galeopterus variegatus (Sunda flying lemur)
Description
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is a highly conserved module that is involved in various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Mammals express at least four distinctly regulated groups of MAPKs, extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK)-1/2, Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK1/2/3), p38 proteins (p38alpha/beta/gamma/delta) and ERK5, that are activated by specific MAPKKs: MEK1/2 for ERK1/2, MKK3/6 for the p38, MKK4/7 (JNKK1/2) for the JNKs, and MEK5 for ERK5. Each MAPKK, however, can be activated by more than one MAPKKK, increasing the complexity and diversity of MAPK signalling. Presumably each MAPKKK confers responsiveness to distinct stimuli. For example, activation of ERK1/2 by growth factors depends on the MAPKKK c-Raf, but other MAPKKKs may activate ERK1/2 in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Galeopterus variegatus (Sunda flying lemur) [GN:
gvr ]
Gene
103582054 CACNG1; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit [KO:K04866 ]
103582159 NGFR; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16 [KO:K02583 ]
103585050 NFATC1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K04446 ]
103585423 CACNB4; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 [KO:K04865 ]
103585600 RASGRF2; ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2 [KO:K12326 ]
103585638 CSF1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05453 ]
103585712 GNA12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 [KO:K04346 ]
103585760 VEGFA; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vascular endothelial growth factor A [KO:K05448 ]
103586032 NFATC3; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 [KO:K17333 ]
103586186 CACNA1E; voltage-dependent R-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1E isoform X1 [KO:K04852 ]
103586448 MEF2C; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C isoform X1 [KO:K04454 ]
103586524 CACNA2D1; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 [KO:K04858 ]
103588100 NFKB2; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04469 ]
103588190 CACNB2; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04863 ]
103588373 GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402 ]
103588723 MAPK8IP1; C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 1 [KO:K04434 ]
103588777 CACNA1H; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H [KO:K04855 ]
103588862 CACNB3; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04864 ]
103588981 CACNA1G; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G [KO:K04854 ]
103590239 CACNA2D4; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-4 [KO:K04861 ]
103591114 PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
103591194 CACNB1; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04862 ]
103591307 MAPK8IP2; C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 2 [KO:K04435 ]
103591473 MAP4K1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04408 ] [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
103592005 GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402 ]
103593058 TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 [KO:K04404 ]
103593717 CACNA2D2; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 [KO:K04859 ]
103594198 DDIT3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein isoform X1 [KO:K04452 ]
103595029 CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850 ]
103595105 PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X1 [KO:K04359 ]
103595406 RAPGEF2; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08018 ]
103595819 CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344 ]
103596138 GDNF; glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor isoform X1 [KO:K05452 ]
103596809 ELK4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ETS domain-containing protein Elk-4 [KO:K04376 ]
103597016 GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402 ]
103597229 CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857 ]
103597588 MAPK8IP3; C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04436 ]
103598106 PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
103598210 PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
103599295 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
103599298 TAB1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 [KO:K04403 ]
103599661 CACNG6; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-6 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04871 ]
103599662 CACNG7; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-7 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04872 ]
103599668 CACNG8; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-8 subunit [KO:K04873 ]
103599674 IL1RAP; interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein isoform X1 [KO:K04723 ]
103599709 CACNG2; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit [KO:K04867 ]
103599846 CACNG5; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit [KO:K04870 ]
103600468 PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B isoform X1 [KO:K17386 ]
103600501 CACNG3; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-3 subunit [KO:K04868 ]
103600693 LAMTOR3; ragulator complex protein LAMTOR3 isoform X1 [KO:K04370 ]
103602098 ECSIT; evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathway, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K04405 ]
103602129 MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729 ]
103602281 CACNA1I; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I [KO:K04856 ]
103602700 CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853 ]
103602860 TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein isoform X1 [KO:K03171 ]
103605275 ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450 ]
103605365 TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158 ]
103605950 FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
103607184 FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390 ]
103610401 HSPB1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: heat shock protein beta-1 [KO:K04455 ]
Compound
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Chen Z, Gibson TB, Robinson F, Silvestro L, Pearson G, Xu B, Wright A, Vanderbilt C, Cobb MH.
Title
MAP kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tanoue T, Nishida E.
Title
Docking interactions in the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dent P, Yacoub A, Fisher PB, Hagan MP, Grant S.
Title
MAPK pathways in radiation responses.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Huang EJ, Reichardt LF.
Title
Trk receptors: roles in neuronal signal transduction.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Harper SJ, LoGrasso P.
Title
Signalling for survival and death in neurones: the role of stress-activated kinases, JNK and p38.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Takeda K, Ichijo H
Title
Neuronal p38 MAPK signalling: an emerging regulator of cell fate and function in the nervous system.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yang SH, Sharrocks AD, Whitmarsh AJ.
Title
Transcriptional regulation by the MAP kinase signaling cascades.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhu X, Lee HG, Raina AK, Perry G, Smith MA.
Title
The role of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in Alzheimer's disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cho H, Lee J, Kwak NJ, Lee KH, Rha S, Kim YH, Cho YY, Yang KH, Kim K, Lim Y.
Title
Silica induces nuclear factor-kappaB activation through TAK1 and NIK in Rat2 cell line.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lemmon MA, Schlessinger J
Title
Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Skaper SD
Title
The neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors: an overview.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chu WM
Title
Tumor necrosis factor.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Newton K, Dixit VM
Title
Signaling in innate immunity and inflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gaestel M, Kotlyarov A, Kracht M
Title
Targeting innate immunity protein kinase signalling in inflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ajibade AA, Wang HY, Wang RF
Title
Cell type-specific function of TAK1 in innate immune signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Turner MD, Nedjai B, Hurst T, Pennington DJ
Title
Cytokines and chemokines: At the crossroads of cell signalling and inflammatory disease.
Journal
Related pathway
gvr04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
KO pathway