KEGG   PATHWAY: tod05010
Entry
tod05010                    Pathway                                
Name
Alzheimer disease - Talpa occidentalis (Iberian mole)
Description
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic disorder that slowly destroys neurons and causes serious cognitive disability. AD is associated with senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Amyloid-beta (Abeta), a major component of senile plaques, has various pathological effects on cell and organelle function. To date genetic studies have revealed four genes that may be linked to autosomal dominant or familial early onset AD (FAD). These four genes include: amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PS1), presenilin 2 (PS2) and apolipoprotein E (ApoE). All mutations associated with APP and PS proteins can lead to an increase in the production of Abeta peptides, specfically the more amyloidogenic form, Abeta42. It was proposed that Abeta form Ca2+ permeable pores and bind to and modulate multiple synaptic proteins, including NMDAR, mGluR5 and VGCC, leading to the overfilling of neurons with calcium ions. Consequently, cellular Ca2+ disruptions will lead to neuronal apoptosis, autophagy deficits, mitochondrial abnormality, defective neurotransmission, impaired synaptic plasticity and neurodegeneration in AD. FAD-linked PS1 mutation downregulates the unfolded protein response and leads to vulnerability to ER stress.
Class
Human Diseases; Neurodegenerative disease
Pathway map
tod05010  Alzheimer disease
tod05010

Disease
H00056  Alzheimer disease
Organism
Talpa occidentalis (Iberian mole) [GN:tod]
Gene
119230373  AXIN2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: axin-2 [KO:K04385]
119230407  ATP5PD; ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial [KO:K02138]
119230423  BECN1; beclin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K08334]
119230651  TRAF2; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
119230652  GRIN1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform X2 [KO:K05208]
119230665  PSMD11; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 11 [KO:K03036]
119230764  PSMD6; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 6 [KO:K03037]
119230976  GRIN2C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C [KO:K05211]
119231002  NOS2; nitric oxide synthase, inducible [KO:K13241] [EC:1.14.13.39]
119231023  FZD2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: frizzled-2 [KO:K02235]
119231118  TUBB4B; tubulin beta-4B chain [KO:K07375]
119231146  PSMD3; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 3 [KO:K03033]
119231203  PPP3R2; calcineurin subunit B type 2 [KO:K06268]
119231290  NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03962]
119231305  ATP2A3; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
119231474  PSMB7; proteasome subunit beta type-7 [KO:K02739] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119231615  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
119231647  [KO:K03035]
119231648  [KO:K02272]
119231681  PSMD12; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 12 [KO:K03035]
119231895  PSMB6; proteasome subunit beta type-6 [KO:K02738] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119231919  NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952]
119232027  SLC39A11; zinc transporter ZIP11 isoform X2 [KO:K14717]
119232082  MAPT; microtubule-associated protein tau isoform X1 [KO:K04380]
119232202  WNT9B; protein Wnt-9b [KO:K01064]
119232257  CDK5R1; cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator 1 [KO:K11716]
119232271  ATP5MC1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
119232300  [KO:K02271]
119232639  PSMC5; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 8 [KO:K03066]
119232648  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
119232653  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 [KO:K17908]
119232657  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X6 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
119232660  DVL2; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
119232673  ULK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119232758  [KO:K04634]
119232853  [KO:K00413]
119233032  PSMB3; proteasome subunit beta type-3 [KO:K02735] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119233367  SLC39A14; metal cation symporter ZIP14 isoform X1 [KO:K14720]
119233502  FRAT1; proto-oncogene FRAT1 [KO:K03069]
119233516  [KO:K05864] [EC:5.2.1.8]
119233534  NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial isoform X3 [KO:K03964]
119233541  FRAT2; GSK-3-binding protein FRAT2 [KO:K03096]
119233588  CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
119233592  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21246]
119233599  DKK1; dickkopf-related protein 1 [KO:K02165]
119233676  LPL; lipoprotein lipase [KO:K01059] [EC:3.1.1.34]
119233843  CASP7; caspase-7 [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
119233844  [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
119233874  [KO:K17908]
119233895  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04390]
119233978  [KO:K03948]
119234038  PPIF; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase F, mitochondrial [KO:K09565] [EC:5.2.1.8]
119234047  [KO:K07374]
119234060  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857]
119234293  WNT8B; protein Wnt-8b [KO:K00714]
119234311  SLC25A31; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ADP/ATP translocase 4 [KO:K05863]
119234348  IDE; insulin-degrading enzyme isoform X1 [KO:K01408] [EC:3.4.24.56]
119234388  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
119234508  NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967]
119234543  CSNK2A1; casein kinase II subunit alpha [KO:K03097] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119234581  PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
119234631  MCU; calcium uniporter protein, mitochondrial [KO:K20858]
119234816  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
119234864  [KO:K07374]
119234881  PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
119234900  VDAC2; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 [KO:K15040]
119234931  PPID; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase D [KO:K05864] [EC:5.2.1.8]
119235025  [KO:K02728] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119235038  [KO:K07374]
119235239  ATP5PB; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial [KO:K02127]
119235367  NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938]
119235469  SDHB; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
119235533  PSMB2; proteasome subunit beta type-2 [KO:K02734] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119235595  SLC39A1; zinc transporter ZIP1 [KO:K14709]
119235616  WNT9A; protein Wnt-9a [KO:K01064]
119235620  [KO:K08738]
119235667  CASP9; caspase-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
119235681  PSMA5; proteasome subunit alpha type-5 [KO:K02729] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119235686  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119235789  CSF1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05453]
119235957  APH1A; gamma-secretase subunit APH-1A [KO:K06172]
119236287  WNT3A; protein Wnt-3a [KO:K00312]
119236345  DVL1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 [KO:K02353]
119236363  [KO:K03959]
119236418  [KO:K00416]
119236432  WNT2B; protein Wnt-2b [KO:K00182]
119236621  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
119236713  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
119236721  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
119236771  [KO:K02272]
119236998  PSMB4; proteasome subunit beta type-4 [KO:K02736] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119237011  TUBB1; tubulin beta-1 chain [KO:K07375]
119237039  WNT4; protein Wnt-4 isoform X1 [KO:K00408]
119237089  PSMA7; proteasome subunit alpha type-7 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119237093  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
119237103  PSMD4; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 4 isoform X1 [KO:K03029]
119237110  ADRM1; proteasomal ubiquitin receptor ADRM1 [KO:K06691]
119237589  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
119237862  [KO:K14709]
119237880  [KO:K02272]
119237893  CHRM5; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 [KO:K04133]
119238218  NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 [KO:K03965]
119238412  [KO:K02264]
119238432  [KO:K02135]
119238483  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
119238671  ADAM10; disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 [KO:K06704] [EC:3.4.24.81]
119238707  APH1B; gamma-secretase subunit APH-1B [KO:K06172]
119238768  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
119238785  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 [KO:K02183]
119238869  [KO:K14709]
119238875  SLC39A2; zinc transporter ZIP2 [KO:K14709]
119238879  FZD6; frizzled-6 [KO:K02376]
119238916  PSMB5; proteasome subunit beta type-5 isoform X1 [KO:K02737] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119239018  PSMA6; proteasome subunit alpha type-6 [KO:K02730] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119239095  PSMC6; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 10B [KO:K03064]
119239119  ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
119239133  PSMA3; proteasome subunit alpha type-3 [KO:K02727] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119239154  [KO:K02268]
119239203  EIF2S1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
119239226  SLC39A9; zinc transporter ZIP9 [KO:K14715]
119239264  PSEN1; presenilin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04505] [EC:3.4.23.-]
119239286  CALM1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
119239288  PSMC1; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K03062]
119239346  [KO:K00417]
119239414  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B [KO:K17906]
119239475  KLC1; kinesin light chain 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10407]
119239481  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119239532  RYR3; ryanodine receptor 3 [KO:K04963]
119239754  [KO:K07374]
119239966  [KO:K10881]
119239980  [KO:K07374]
119240145  FZD9; frizzled-9 [KO:K02842]
119240168  [KO:K02266]
119240421  INSR; insulin receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
119240438  MAP2K7; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04431] [EC:2.7.12.2]
119240447  NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951]
119240500  ATP5F1D; ATP synthase subunit delta, mitochondrial [KO:K02134]
119240504  NDUFS7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial [KO:K03940] [EC:7.1.1.2]
119240507  APC2; adenomatous polyposis coli protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02085]
119240513  [KO:K00420]
119240577  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
119240617  NDUFA11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956]
119240636  TUBB4A; tubulin beta-4A chain [KO:K07375]
119240674  SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00237]
119240713  BACE1; beta-secretase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04521] [EC:3.4.23.46]
119240845  [KO:K14710]
119240900  [KO:K02128]
119240973  [KO:K14710]
119241044  NDUFB7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 isoform X2 [KO:K03963]
119241117  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
119241159  NDUFA13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353]
119241194  PTGS2; prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 [KO:K11987] [EC:1.14.99.1]
119241336  ATF6; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha [KO:K09054]
119241369  SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00236]
119241372  NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03935] [EC:7.1.1.2]
119241398  NCSTN; nicastrin [KO:K06171]
119241406  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
119241642  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
119241643  PSMA2; proteasome subunit alpha type-2 [KO:K02726] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119241775  MAPK3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
119241790  ATP2A1; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
119241820  [KO:K02270]
119241824  NDUFAB1; acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial [KO:K03955]
119241844  [KO:K00415]
119241918  FZD1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: frizzled-1 [KO:K02432]
119242040  NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966]
119242068  AXIN1; axin-1 [KO:K02157]
119242334  [KO:K17445]
119242364  GRIN2A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A isoform X1 [KO:K05209]
119242544  SEM1; 26S proteasome complex subunit SEM1 [KO:K10881]
119242726  WNT8A; protein Wnt-8a [KO:K00714]
119242744  [KO:K02135]
119242831  [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119242999  [KO:K02271]
119243077  ATP5F1A; ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial [KO:K02132]
119243088  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
119243095  SLC39A6; zinc transporter ZIP6 isoform X1 [KO:K14712]
119243168  [KO:K03948]
119243186  NDUFV2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03943] [EC:7.1.1.2]
119243207  TUBB6; tubulin beta-6 chain [KO:K07375]
119243282  CSNK1A1; casein kinase I isoform X1 [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119243289  IL6; interleukin-6 [KO:K05405]
119243389  NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946]
119243472  VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862]
119243479  [KO:K00418]
119243508  [KO:K08738]
119243563  [KO:K05864] [EC:5.2.1.8]
119243653  DKK2; dickkopf-related protein 2 [KO:K02165]
119243680  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
119243682  SLC39A8; metal cation symporter ZIP8 [KO:K14714]
119243687  PPP3CA; protein phosphatase 3 catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
119243808  PSMA8; proteasome subunit alpha-type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119244125  BECN2; beclin-2 [KO:K08334]
119244359  CHRNA7; neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 isoform X1 [KO:K04809]
119244498  CHRM3; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 [KO:K04131]
119244503  CAPN2; calpain-2 catalytic subunit [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
119244519  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X3 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119244553  PSEN2; presenilin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04522] [EC:3.4.23.-]
119244610  FZD8; frizzled-8 [KO:K02375]
119244626  KIF5B; kinesin-1 heavy chain isoform X1 [KO:K10396]
119244652  [KO:K02183]
119244669  ATP5F1C; ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial [KO:K02136]
119244810  XBP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: X-box-binding protein 1 [KO:K09027]
119244828  [KO:K00419]
119244938  NOS1; nitric oxide synthase, brain isoform X1 [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
119245001  ATP2A2; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
119245005  PSMC2; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 7 [KO:K03061]
119245024  PSMD9; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 9 isoform X1 [KO:K06693]
119245083  ULK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X2 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119245180  [KO:K02135]
119245262  TUBAL3; tubulin alpha chain-like 3 [KO:K07374]
119245264  CALML5; calmodulin-like protein 5 [KO:K02183]
119245279  SLC39A12; zinc transporter ZIP12 isoform X1 [KO:K14718]
119245305  [KO:K02266]
119245335  FZD10; frizzled-10 [KO:K02842]
119245511  [KO:K14709]
119245575  NOX1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: NADPH oxidase 1 [KO:K08008]
119245781  IKBKG; NF-kappa-B essential modulator isoform X1 [KO:K07210]
119245973  IRS4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K17446]
119245985  WNT2; protein Wnt-2 [KO:K00182]
119246082  WNT16; protein Wnt-16 [KO:K01558]
119246140  HSD17B10; 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type-2 [KO:K08683] [EC:1.1.1.35 1.1.1.178]
119246187  ARAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119246217  NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949]
119246372  SLC25A6; ADP/ATP translocase 3 [KO:K05863]
119246549  NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945]
119246553  SLC25A5; ADP/ATP translocase 2 [KO:K05863]
119246580  [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119246585  [KO:K02266]
119246658  [KO:K02271]
119246715  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853]
119246728  NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial [KO:K11351]
119246750  [KO:K21421] [EC:1.-.-.-]
119246774  [KO:K10881]
119247058  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
119247151  WNT7B; protein Wnt-7b isoform X2 [KO:K00572]
119247195  NDUFA6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950]
119247241  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
119247269  CSNK1E; casein kinase I isoform X1 [KO:K08960] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119247423  NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 [KO:K11352]
119247621  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959]
119247626  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
119247687  GRIN2B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B isoform X1 [KO:K05210]
119247705  LRP6; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K03068]
119247789  GAPDH; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [KO:K00134] [EC:1.2.1.12]
119247798  NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958]
119247799  TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158]
119247808  NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial [KO:K03953]
119247810  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X1 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119247849  WNT5B; protein Wnt-5b [KO:K00444]
119247866  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist [KO:K04726]
119247870  TUBA8; tubulin alpha-8 chain isoform X1 [KO:K07374]
119247887  [KO:K07374]
119247888  [KO:K07374]
119247918  SLC11A2; natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K21398]
119247945  ATG101; autophagy-related protein 101 [KO:K19730]
119247997  ATP5MC2; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02128]
119248057  SLC39A5; zinc transporter ZIP5 [KO:K14711]
119248068  ATP5F1B; ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K02133] [EC:7.1.2.2]
119248079  LRP1; prolow-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04550]
119248081  NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948]
119248088  DDIT3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein [KO:K04452]
119248092  KIF5A; kinesin heavy chain isoform X1 [KO:K10396]
119248137  [KO:K03959]
119248206  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 [KO:K02084]
119248299  [KO:K00417]
119248398  WNT10B; protein Wnt-10b [KO:K01357]
119248399  WNT1; proto-oncogene Wnt-1 [KO:K03209]
119248750  CDK5; cyclin-dependent kinase 5 [KO:K02090] [EC:2.7.11.22]
119248814  RELA; transcription factor p65 isoform X1 [KO:K04735]
119248845  TUBB3; tubulin beta-3 chain isoform X1 [KO:K07375]
119248879  [KO:K02263]
119248919  NAE1; NEDD8-activating enzyme E1 regulatory subunit [KO:K04532]
119249015  PSMD7; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 7 [KO:K03038]
119249046  [KO:K02138]
119249141  [KO:K03947]
119249189  [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
119249251  CSNK2A2; casein kinase II subunit alpha' [KO:K03097] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119249261  [KO:K05863]
119249308  [KO:K03063]
119249318  PSMC4; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B [KO:K03063]
119249321  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119249441  KLC3; kinesin light chain 3 [KO:K10407]
119249470  CALM3; calmodulin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
119249512  GRIN2D; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D [KO:K05212]
119249703  [KO:K14712]
119249727  NDUFA3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947]
119249818  PSMD13; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 13 [KO:K03039]
119249824  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
119249861  INS; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin [KO:K04526]
119249886  LRP5; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 [KO:K03068]
119249895  NDUFV1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial [KO:K03942] [EC:7.1.1.2]
119249898  NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03941] [EC:7.1.1.2]
119249947  KLC2; kinesin light chain 2 [KO:K10407]
119249985  CAPN1; calpain-1 catalytic subunit [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
119250006  ATG2A; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
119250022  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death isoform X1 [KO:K02158]
119250024  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
119250070  CHRM1; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 [KO:K04129]
119250113  [KO:K20723]
119250210  PSMD8; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 8 [KO:K03031]
119250248  PSENEN; gamma-secretase subunit PEN-2 [KO:K06170]
119250252  [KO:K02267]
119250253  [KO:K02270]
119250278  [KO:K20723]
119250444  APOE; apolipoprotein E [KO:K04524]
119250479  [KO:K02267]
119250504  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
119251000  [KO:K00312]
119251424  [KO:K03948]
119251913  TUBB2A; tubulin beta-2A chain [KO:K07375]
119251914  [KO:K07375]
119252116  TUBB; tubulin beta chain [KO:K07375]
119252209  CSNK2B; casein kinase II subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K03115]
119252247  AGER; advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor isoform X1 [KO:K19722]
119252329  SLC39A7; zinc transporter SLC39A7 isoform X1 [KO:K14713]
119252349  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
119252484  KLC4; kinesin light chain 4 isoform X1 [KO:K10407]
119252598  [KO:K03964]
119252629  [KO:K02270]
119252699  [KO:K03949]
119252879  [KO:K02136]
119252904  MAP3K5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
119253052  PSMB1; proteasome subunit beta type-1 [KO:K02732] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119253235  TNF; tumor necrosis factor isoform X1 [KO:K03156]
119253939  [KO:K07374]
119253989  [KO:K02263]
119254107  [KO:K02135]
119254713  GRM5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 [KO:K04604]
119254715  ATP5F1E; ATP synthase subunit epsilon, mitochondrial [KO:K02135]
119254773  [KO:K02131]
119255045  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
119255292  NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03936] [EC:7.1.1.2]
119255297  PSMC3; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6A [KO:K03065]
119255298  SLC39A13; zinc transporter ZIP13 isoform X1 [KO:K14719]
119255309  ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
119255314  [KO:K17985]
119255408  [KO:K00134] [EC:1.2.1.12]
119255491  PSMA1; proteasome subunit alpha type-1 [KO:K02725] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119255535  APBB1; amyloid beta precursor protein binding family B member 1 [KO:K04529]
119255642  WNT11; protein Wnt-11 [KO:K01384]
119255667  NDUFC2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2 [KO:K03968]
119255697  FZD4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: frizzled-4 [KO:K02354]
119255703  NOX4; NADPH oxidase 4 isoform X6 [KO:K21423] [EC:1.6.3.-]
119255727  PSMA4; proteasome subunit alpha type-4 [KO:K02728] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119255730  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119255815  KIF5C; kinesin heavy chain isoform X1 [KO:K10396]
119255870  PSMD14; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14 [KO:K03030]
119255951  ATP5MC3; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C3, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
119255974  [KO:K08738]
119256052  SLC39A10; zinc transporter ZIP10 [KO:K14716]
119256094  NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959]
119256101  CASP8; caspase-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
119256112  FZD7; frizzled-7 [KO:K02432]
119256135  NDUFS1; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03934] [EC:7.1.1.2]
119256150  FZD5; frizzled-5 [KO:K02375]
119256219  WNT6; protein Wnt-6 isoform X1 [KO:K00445]
119256220  WNT10A; protein Wnt-10a [KO:K01357]
119256233  [KO:K07374]
119256236  [KO:K07374]
119256266  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
119256293  PSMD1; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K03032]
119256348  NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03954]
119256545  [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
119256625  [KO:K03936] [EC:7.1.1.2]
119256728  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119256891  [KO:K02183]
119256970  DKK4; dickkopf-related protein 4 [KO:K02165]
119256971  [KO:K03948]
119257005  SLC25A4; ADP/ATP translocase 1 [KO:K05863]
119257171  NDUFV3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K03944]
119257185  BACE2; beta-secretase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07747] [EC:3.4.23.45]
119257221  ATP5PO; ATP synthase subunit O, mitochondrial [KO:K02137]
119257256  APP; amyloid-beta precursor protein isoform X1 [KO:K04520]
119257258  ATP5PF; ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial [KO:K02131]
119257304  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
119257312  NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial [KO:K03961]
119257340  DVL3; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
119257348  PSMD2; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2 [KO:K03028]
119257387  [KO:K03967]
119257484  NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960]
119257489  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
119257726  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
119257794  [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
119257853  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X2 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
119257856  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15041]
119257895  MME; neprilysin [KO:K01389] [EC:3.4.24.11]
119257913  [KO:K03959]
119257947  CASP3; caspase-3 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
119258026  FZD3; frizzled-3 [KO:K02329]
119258058  [KO:K03961]
119258462  [KO:K20720]
119258501  CTNNB1; catenin beta-1 [KO:K02105]
119258575  [KO:K02134]
119258957  RTN4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: reticulon-4 [KO:K20720]
119259019  PPP3R1; calcineurin subunit B type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06268]
119259152  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119259186  [KO:K04383]
119259187  [KO:K04383]
119259188  IL1B; interleukin-1 beta isoform X1 [KO:K04519]
119259328  CALM2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]
119259366  [KO:K02270]
119259396  EIF2AK2; interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase [KO:K16195] [EC:2.7.11.1]
119259567  ADAM17; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17 [KO:K06059] [EC:3.4.24.86]
119259653  IRS2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
119259667  [KO:K00414]
119259735  [KO:K03949]
119259796  [KO:K03064]
119259915  [KO:K02265]
119260145  [KO:K03237]
119260222  [KO:K02272]
119260287  NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial [KO:K03939]
119260592  SNCA; alpha-synuclein isoform X2 [KO:K04528]
119260598  [KO:K00417]
119260725  [KO:K03964]
119260772  SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
119260791  APC; adenomatous polyposis coli protein isoform X1 [KO:K02085]
119260810  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
119260988  [KO:K15040]
119261139  [KO:K02271]
119261229  NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial [KO:K03937]
119261426  [KO:K03948]
119261431  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X2 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
119261460  WNT5A; protein Wnt-5a isoform X1 [KO:K00444]
129146477  [KO:K02272]
129146504  WNT7A; protein Wnt-7a [KO:K00572]
38289010  D9W85_mgp13; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 [KO:K03878] [EC:7.1.1.2]
38289013  D9W85_mgp12; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [KO:K03879] [EC:7.1.1.2]
38289018  D9W85_mgp11; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
38289020  D9W85_mgp10; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
38289021  D9W85_mgp09; ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 [KO:K02125]
38289022  D9W85_mgp06; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 [KO:K03880] [EC:7.1.1.2]
38289023  D9W85_mgp05; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L [KO:K03882] [EC:7.1.1.2]
38289026  D9W85_mgp03; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 [KO:K03883] [EC:7.1.1.2]
38289027  D9W85_mgp01; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
38289033  D9W85_mgp08; ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [KO:K02126]
38289034  D9W85_mgp07; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
38289037  D9W85_mgp04; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 [KO:K03881] [EC:7.1.1.2]
38289039  D9W85_mgp02; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 [KO:K03884] [EC:7.1.1.2]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00038  Zinc cation
C00070  Copper
C00076  Calcium cation
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00704  Superoxide
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01319  Hg
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C14818  Fe2+
C16514  Amyloid beta protein 40
C16515  Amyloid beta protein 42
C16845  Peroxynitrite
C19610  Manganese(2+)
C21011  [Protein]-N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine
C21012  [Protein]-N(epsilon)-(carboxyethyl)lysine
C21013  [Protein]-pyrraline
C21014  [Protein]-pentosidine
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PMID:12805290
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Pigino G, Morfini G, Pelsman A, Mattson MP, Brady ST, Busciglio J
  Title
Alzheimer's presenilin 1 mutations impair kinesin-based axonal transport.
  Journal
J Neurosci 23:4499-508 (2003)
DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-11-04499.2003
Reference
PMID:15645263
  Authors
Roy S, Zhang B, Lee VM, Trojanowski JQ
  Title
Axonal transport defects: a common theme in neurodegenerative diseases.
  Journal
Acta Neuropathol 109:5-13 (2005)
DOI:10.1007/s00401-004-0952-x
Reference
PMID:26074767
  Authors
Ferreira ST, Lourenco MV, Oliveira MM, De Felice FG
  Title
Soluble amyloid-beta oligomers as synaptotoxins leading to cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease.
  Journal
Front Cell Neurosci 9:191 (2015)
DOI:10.3389/fncel.2015.00191
Reference
PMID:24529521
  Authors
De Felice FG, Lourenco MV, Ferreira ST
  Title
How does brain insulin resistance develop in Alzheimer's disease?
  Journal
Alzheimers Dement 10:S26-32 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.jalz.2013.12.004
Reference
PMID:26136647
  Authors
Bedse G, Di Domenico F, Serviddio G, Cassano T
  Title
Aberrant insulin signaling in Alzheimer's disease: current knowledge.
  Journal
Front Neurosci 9:204 (2015)
DOI:10.3389/fnins.2015.00204
Reference
PMID:20101724
  Authors
Funderburk SF, Marcellino BK, Yue Z
  Title
Cell "self-eating" (autophagy) mechanism in Alzheimer's disease.
  Journal
Mt Sinai J Med 77:59-68 (2010)
DOI:10.1002/msj.20161
Related
pathway
tod00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
tod03050  Proteasome
tod04020  Calcium signaling pathway
tod04140  Autophagy - animal
tod04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
tod04210  Apoptosis
tod04310  Wnt signaling pathway
tod04910  Insulin signaling pathway
tod04933  AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications
KO pathway
ko05010   

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