KEGG   PATHWAY: uar05152
Entry
uar05152                    Pathway                                
Name
Tuberculosis - Ursus americanus (American black bear)
Description
Tuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. About 90% of those infected result in latent infections, and about 10% of latent infections develop active diseases when their immune system is impaired due to the age, other diseases such as AIDS or exposure to immunosuppressive drugs. TB is transmitted through the air and primarily attacks the lungs, then it can spread by the circulatory system to other parts of body. Once TB bacilli have entered the host by the respiratory route and infected macrophages in the lungs, they interfere with phagosomal maturation, antigen presentation, apoptosis and host immune system to establish persistent or latent infection.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: bacterial
Pathway map
uar05152  Tuberculosis
uar05152

Organism
Ursus americanus (American black bear) [GN:uar]
Gene
123791076  TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
123781572  TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158]
123803514  TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein isoform X1 [KO:K03171]
123778464  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
123798200  CASP8; caspase-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
123798198  CASP10; caspase-10 isoform X1 [KO:K04400] [EC:3.4.22.63]
123784520  CASP3; caspase-3 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
123778036  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist isoform X1 [KO:K04726]
123776228  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
123782054  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
123789159  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
123798082  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome c, testis-specific-like [KO:K08738]
123777792  CASP9; caspase-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
123780504  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 [KO:K02084]
123793473  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
123784096  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
123791373  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
123778440  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
123787450  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
123793341  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
123803651  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
123789460  CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
123782837  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
123787294  IFNG; interferon gamma [KO:K04687]
123803346  IFNGR1; interferon gamma receptor 1 [KO:K05132]
123784207  IFNGR2; interferon gamma receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05133]
123795350  JAK1; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 [KO:K11217] [EC:2.7.10.2]
123776417  JAK2; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 isoform X1 [KO:K04447] [EC:2.7.10.2]
123798145  STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta isoform X1 [KO:K11220]
123783265  CIITA; MHC class II transactivator isoform X1 [KO:K08060] [EC:2.7.11.1]
123787711  RFX5; DNA-binding protein RFX5 isoform X1 [KO:K08061]
123779887  RFXANK; DNA-binding protein RFXANK [KO:K08062]
123791799  regulatory factor X-associated protein [KO:K08063]
123779155  NFYA; nuclear transcription factor Y subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08064]
123780885  NFYB; nuclear transcription factor Y subunit beta [KO:K08065]
123793833  NFYC; nuclear transcription factor Y subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K08066]
123798247  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
123794091  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 1 chain-like [KO:K06752]
123794092  SLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ haplotype D alpha chain-like [KO:K06752]
123790938  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO alpha chain [KO:K06752]
123790941  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM alpha chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
123790942  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
123790948  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
123790949  DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain-like [KO:K06752]
123790950  boLa class II histocompatibility antigen, DQB*0101 beta chain [KO:K06752]
123790951  SLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ haplotype D alpha chain-like [KO:K06752]
123790953  DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain [KO:K06752]
123790954  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain [KO:K06752]
123791051  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain [KO:K06752]
123803673  CD74; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain [KO:K06505]
123780918  EP300; histone acetyltransferase p300 isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
123783593  CREB-binding protein isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
123785865  IL10; interleukin-10 [KO:K05443]
123792610  IL10RA; interleukin-10 receptor subunit alpha [KO:K05134]
123787738  CTSS; cathepsin S isoform X1 [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
123781581  C-type lectin domain family 4 member E-like isoform X1 [KO:K10059]
123783705  FCER1G; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma [KO:K07983]
123781585  CLEC7A; C-type lectin domain family 7 member A isoform X1 [KO:K10074]
123796968  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
123776440  SYK; tyrosine-protein kinase SYK isoform X1 [KO:K05855] [EC:2.7.10.2]
123796355  CARD9; caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 isoform X1 [KO:K12794]
123787426  MALT1; mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07369] [EC:3.4.22.-]
123795258  BCL10; B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 [KO:K07368]
123798397  NOD2; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10165]
123797904  RIPK2; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08846] [EC:2.7.11.1]
123790302  HSPA9; stress-70 protein, mitochondrial [KO:K04043]
123798166  HSPD1; 60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial [KO:K04077] [EC:5.6.1.7]
123796979  lipopolysaccharide-binding protein [KO:K05399]
123796980  lipopolysaccharide-binding protein-like [KO:K05399]
123793207  TLR2; toll-like receptor 2 [KO:K10159]
123775413  TLR1; toll-like receptor 1 [KO:K05398]
123804286  TLR6; toll-like receptor 6 [KO:K10169]
123788027  TLR4; toll-like receptor 4 [KO:K10160]
123790266  CD14; monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 isoform X1 [KO:K04391]
123792727  toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein isoform X1 [KO:K05403]
123792836  MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729]
123794834  IRAK4; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
123799205  IRAK2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-like 2 [KO:K04731] [EC:2.7.11.1]
123799411  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
123788912  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
123778302  RELA; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
123803776  MAPK12; mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
123803793  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
123776209  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
123776212  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
123795639  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
123784602  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
123800287  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
123788054  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
123790496  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
123776978  NOS2; nitric oxide synthase, inducible isoform X1 [KO:K13241] [EC:1.14.13.39]
123788681  IL6; interleukin-6 [KO:K05405]
123801580  IL12A; interleukin-12 subunit alpha [KO:K05406]
123788629  IL12B; interleukin-12 subunit beta [KO:K05425]
123792571  IL18; interleukin-18 isoform X1 [KO:K05482]
123787248  IL23A; interleukin-23 subunit alpha [KO:K05426]
123799742  IL1A; interleukin-1 alpha [KO:K04383]
123799741  IL1B; interleukin-1 beta [KO:K04519]
123775943  CEBPB; CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta [KO:K10048]
123791398  CEBPG; CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein gamma [KO:K10049]
123798725  toll-like receptor 9 isoform X1 [KO:K10161]
123781241  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
123781249  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
123781251  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
123781252  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
123781255  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
123781256  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
123781260  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
123781283  interferon alpha-1/2-like [KO:K05414]
123781329  interferon alpha-2-like [KO:K05414]
123781031  IFNB1; interferon beta [KO:K05415]
123777585  CD209; CD209 antigen isoform X1 [KO:K06563]
123792667  ARHGEF12; rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 isoform X1 [KO:K07532]
123780073  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
123775487  LSP1; lymphocyte-specific protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K14957]
123793776  PLK3; serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK3 [KO:K08862] [EC:2.7.11.21]
123777107  KSR1; kinase suppressor of Ras 1 isoform X1 [KO:K14958]
123802053  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
123781846  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13375]
123800112  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13376]
123798962  TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein [KO:K13377]
123787194  25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, mitochondrial [KO:K07438] [EC:1.14.15.18]
123794808  VDR; vitamin D3 receptor [KO:K08539]
123779917  cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide [KO:K13916]
123779001  C3; complement C3 [KO:K03990]
123785798  CR1; complement receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04011]
123784683  ITGAX; integrin alpha-X [KO:K06462]
123779127  ITGB2; integrin beta-2 [KO:K06464]
123784682  ITGAM; integrin alpha-M isoform X1 [KO:K06461]
123785691  MRC1; macrophage mannose receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06560]
123802980  MRC2; C-type mannose receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06560]
123781502  PLA2R1; secretory phospholipase A2 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K06560]
123803088  SPHK1; sphingosine kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
123776264  SPHK2; sphingosine kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
123785908  CALM2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]
123800842  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
123802291  calmodulin-like [KO:K02183]
123802321  CALML3; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K02183]
123796079  CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 [KO:K02183]
123798898  CALM1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
123778741  CALM3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
123787345  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
123788339  RAB5A; ras-related protein Rab-5A [KO:K07887]
123787269  RAB5B; ras-related protein Rab-5B [KO:K07888]
123781866  RAB5C; ras-related protein Rab-5C [KO:K07889]
123780486  EEA1; early endosome antigen 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12478]
123802067  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
123775490  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
123780006  ATP6V0A2; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a2 [KO:K02154]
123781962  ATP6V0A1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a1 isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
123788899  ATP6V0A4; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform X1 [KO:K02154]
123778526  TCIRG1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a3 [KO:K02154]
123803430  ATP6V0D1; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 1 [KO:K02146]
123797913  ATP6V0D2; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02146]
123786733  ATP6V1H; V-type proton ATPase subunit H [KO:K02144]
123787813  ATP6AP1; V-type proton ATPase subunit S1 [KO:K03662]
123783792  ATP6V0C; V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K02155]
123793793  ATP6V0B; V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K03661]
123803399  LAMP2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 [KO:K06528]
123776720  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
123788880  PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
123782828  PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
123777460  PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
123786008  PPP3R1; calcineurin subunit B type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06268]
123781022  PPP3R2; calcineurin subunit B type 2 [KO:K06268]
123784596  CORO1A; coronin-1A [KO:K13882]
123779199  FCGR1A; high affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I isoform X1 [KO:K06498]
123783523  FCGR2B; low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b [KO:K12560]
123783673  low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-B-like isoform X1 [KO:K06463]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00338  Lipopolysaccharide
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C01561  Calcidiol
C01673  Calcitriol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
C19190  Trehalose-6,6'-dibehenate
C21790  Mycobacterial trehalose dimycolate
G13101  Lipomannan
G13105  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol pentamannoside
G13106  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol hexamannoside
G13108  Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol dimannoside
G13109  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol dimannoside
G13112  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol hexamannoside
G13113  Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol pentamannoside
G13114  Lipoarabinomannan
G13115  Mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan
Reference
PMID:21274449
  Authors
Saiga H, Shimada Y, Takeda K
  Title
Innate immune effectors in mycobacterial infection.
  Journal
Clin Dev Immunol 2011:347594 (2011)
DOI:10.1155/2011/347594
Reference
PMID:20415982
  Authors
Dheda K, Schwander SK, Zhu B, van Zyl-Smit RN, Zhang Y
  Title
The immunology of tuberculosis: from bench to bedside.
  Journal
Respirology 15:433-50 (2010)
DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2010.01739.x
Reference
PMID:11932234
  Authors
van Crevel R, Ottenhoff TH, van der Meer JW
  Title
Innate immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  Journal
Clin Microbiol Rev 15:294-309 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/CMR.15.2.294-309.2002
Reference
PMID:18288961
  Authors
Torrelles JB, Azad AK, Henning LN, Carlson TK, Schlesinger LS
  Title
Role of C-type lectins in mycobacterial infections.
  Journal
Curr Drug Targets 9:102-12 (2008)
DOI:10.2174/138945008783502467
Reference
PMID:17359235
  Authors
Jo EK, Yang CS, Choi CH, Harding CV
  Title
Intracellular signalling cascades regulating innate immune responses to Mycobacteria: branching out from Toll-like receptors.
  Journal
Cell Microbiol 9:1087-98 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00914.x
Reference
PMID:21274433
  Authors
Marakalala MJ, Graham LM, Brown GD
  Title
The role of Syk/CARD9-coupled C-type lectin receptors in immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.
  Journal
Clin Dev Immunol 2010:567571 (2010)
DOI:10.1155/2010/567571
Reference
PMID:15083155
  Authors
Koul A, Herget T, Klebl B, Ullrich A
  Title
Interplay between mycobacteria and host signalling pathways.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 2:189-202 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro840
Reference
PMID:20199890
  Authors
Torrelles JB, Schlesinger LS
  Title
Diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis mannosylated cell wall determinants impacts adaptation to the host.
  Journal
Tuberculosis (Edinb) 90:84-93 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.tube.2010.02.003
Reference
PMID:15228522
  Authors
Briken V, Porcelli SA, Besra GS, Kremer L
  Title
Mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan and related lipoglycans: from biogenesis to modulation of the immune response.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 53:391-403 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04183.x
Reference
PMID:19563525
  Authors
Baena A, Porcelli SA
  Title
Evasion and subversion of antigen presentation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  Journal
Tissue Antigens 74:189-204 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01301.x
Reference
PMID:19369951
  Authors
Flannagan RS, Cosio G, Grinstein S
  Title
Antimicrobial mechanisms of phagocytes and bacterial evasion strategies.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 7:355-66 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2128
Reference
PMID:18541216
  Authors
Pieters J
  Title
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the macrophage: maintaining a balance.
  Journal
Cell Host Microbe 3:399-407 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2008.05.006
Reference
PMID:19634703
  Authors
Scherr N, Jayachandran R, Mueller P, Pieters J
  Title
Interference of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with macrophage responses.
  Journal
Indian J Exp Biol 47:401-6 (2009)
Reference
PMID:16200082
  Authors
Reith W, LeibundGut-Landmann S, Waldburger JM.
  Title
Regulation of MHC class II gene expression by the class II transactivator.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 5:793-806 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nri1708
Reference
PMID:17785780
  Authors
Rothfuchs AG, Bafica A, Feng CG, Egen JG, Williams DL, Brown GD, Sher A
  Title
Dectin-1 interaction with Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to enhanced IL-12p40 production by splenic dendritic cells.
  Journal
J Immunol 179:3463-71 (2007)
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.179.6.3463
Reference
PMID:18407066
  Authors
Master SS, Rampini SK, Davis AS, Keller C, Ehlers S, Springer B, Timmins GS, Sander P, Deretic V
  Title
Mycobacterium tuberculosis prevents inflammasome activation.
  Journal
Cell Host Microbe 3:224-32 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2008.03.003
Reference
PMID:11378475
  Authors
Shtrichman R, Samuel CE
  Title
The role of gamma interferon in antimicrobial immunity.
  Journal
Curr Opin Microbiol 4:251-9 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S1369-5274(00)00199-5
Related
pathway
uar04010  MAPK signaling pathway
uar04210  Apoptosis
uar04612  Antigen processing and presentation
uar04620  Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
uar04621  NOD-like receptor signaling pathway
uar04630  JAK-STAT signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05152   
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system