KEGG   PATHWAY: opi05010
Entry
opi05010                    Pathway                                
Name
Alzheimer disease - Ochotona princeps (American pika)
Description
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic disorder that slowly destroys neurons and causes serious cognitive disability. AD is associated with senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Amyloid-beta (Abeta), a major component of senile plaques, has various pathological effects on cell and organelle function. To date genetic studies have revealed four genes that may be linked to autosomal dominant or familial early onset AD (FAD). These four genes include: amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PS1), presenilin 2 (PS2) and apolipoprotein E (ApoE). All mutations associated with APP and PS proteins can lead to an increase in the production of Abeta peptides, specfically the more amyloidogenic form, Abeta42. It was proposed that Abeta form Ca2+ permeable pores and bind to and modulate multiple synaptic proteins, including NMDAR, mGluR5 and VGCC, leading to the overfilling of neurons with calcium ions. Consequently, cellular Ca2+ disruptions will lead to neuronal apoptosis, autophagy deficits, mitochondrial abnormality, defective neurotransmission, impaired synaptic plasticity and neurodegeneration in AD. FAD-linked PS1 mutation downregulates the unfolded protein response and leads to vulnerability to ER stress.
Class
Human Diseases; Neurodegenerative disease
Pathway map
opi05010  Alzheimer disease
opi05010

Organism
Ochotona princeps (American pika) [GN:opi]
Gene
101527689  ADAM10; disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 [KO:K06704] [EC:3.4.24.81]
101532279  ADAM17; disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17 isoform X1 [KO:K06059] [EC:3.4.24.86]
101518476  amyloid-beta precursor protein isoform X1 [KO:K04520]
101535692  NAE1; NEDD8-activating enzyme E1 regulatory subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04532]
101534321  APBB1; amyloid-beta A4 precursor protein-binding family B member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04529]
101532174  GAPDH; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [KO:K00134] [EC:1.2.1.12]
101527966  BACE1; beta-secretase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04521] [EC:3.4.23.46]
101520126  BACE2; beta-secretase 2 [KO:K07747] [EC:3.4.23.45]
101536291  RTN3; reticulon-3 [KO:K20723]
101527120  RTN4; reticulon-4 isoform X1 [KO:K20720]
101532170  PSENEN; gamma-secretase subunit PEN-2 [KO:K06170]
118758557  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: gamma-secretase subunit PEN-2-like [KO:K06170]
101521444  PSEN2; presenilin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04522] [EC:3.4.23.-]
101532149  NCSTN; nicastrin isoform X1 [KO:K06171]
101522847  APH1B; gamma-secretase subunit APH-1B isoform X1 [KO:K06172]
101522225  APH1A; gamma-secretase subunit APH-1A isoform X1 [KO:K06172]
101524552  IDE; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin-degrading enzyme [KO:K01408] [EC:3.4.24.56]
101535249  MME; neprilysin [KO:K01389] [EC:3.4.24.11]
101520785  MAPT; microtubule-associated protein tau isoform X1 [KO:K04380]
2717280  ND1; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 [KO:K03878] [EC:7.1.1.2]
2717281  ND2; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [KO:K03879] [EC:7.1.1.2]
2717278  ND3; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 [KO:K03880] [EC:7.1.1.2]
2717282  ND4; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 [KO:K03881] [EC:7.1.1.2]
2717283  ND4L; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L [KO:K03882] [EC:7.1.1.2]
2717284  ND5; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 [KO:K03883] [EC:7.1.1.2]
2717274  ND6; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 [KO:K03884] [EC:7.1.1.2]
101528278  NDUFV1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03942] [EC:7.1.1.2]
101522189  NDUFV2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03943] [EC:7.1.1.2]
101525197  NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945]
101523365  NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946]
101534341  NDUFA3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947]
101519503  NDUFA4; cytochrome c oxidase subunit NDUFA4 [KO:K03948]
101521864  NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948]
101536286  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome c oxidase subunit NDUFA4-like [KO:K03948]
101535919  NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 isoform X1 [KO:K03949]
105942600  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5-like [KO:K03949]
101535622  NDUFA6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 isoform X2 [KO:K03950]
105942376  NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951]
101535063  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952]
101529815  NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial [KO:K03953]
101517444  NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial [KO:K03954]
101516919  acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K03955]
101522479  NDUFAB1; acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial [KO:K03955]
101522908  acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K03955]
101523318  NDUFA11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956]
101518780  NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 [KO:K11352]
101526271  NDUFA13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353]
105941651  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03957]
101528550  NDUFB1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03957]
101526600  NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958]
101522263  NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959]
101532825  NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960]
101517919  NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03961]
101524227  NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K03962]
101530589  NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03964]
101520490  NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 isoform X1 [KO:K03965]
101518340  NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966]
101527720  NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K11351]
101535652  NDUFS1; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03934] [EC:7.1.1.2]
101516596  NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03935] [EC:7.1.1.2]
101524169  NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03936] [EC:7.1.1.2]
101521307  NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial [KO:K03937]
101523703  NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938]
101535733  NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial [KO:K03939]
101536539  NDUFS7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial [KO:K03940] [EC:7.1.1.2]
101529822  NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03941] [EC:7.1.1.2]
101525361  NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967]
101525285  NDUFC2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2 isoform X1 [KO:K03968]
101533139  SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
101521494  SDHB; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
101526415  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
101517745  SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00236]
101518296  SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00237]
101530924  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
101520130  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske, mitochondrial [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
2717279  CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
101524542  cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial [KO:K00413]
101520891  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00414]
101526896  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00415]
101525568  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00416]
101517708  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7 [KO:K00417]
101525514  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 8 [KO:K00418]
101519452  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 9 [KO:K00419]
101533286  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10 [KO:K00420]
2717277  COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
2717275  COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
2717276  COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
101526158  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
101530187  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02263]
101529724  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial [KO:K02264]
101535381  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial [KO:K02265]
101522576  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
101519777  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
105942350  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 [KO:K02267]
101531621  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B2 [KO:K02267]
101523181  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C [KO:K02268]
101536738  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
101528179  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
101521399  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
101519096  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02270]
101524631  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02270]
101529489  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02270]
101523277  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02270]
101524628  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02270]
101533664  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
101535821  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B2, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
101517779  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02271]
101529981  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02271]
101519995  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02271]
101526542  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02272]
101535108  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial [KO:K02272]
105941765  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02272]
101536307  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8B, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02273]
101522590  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial [KO:K02273]
101533393  ATP5F1A; ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02132]
101523449  ATP5F1B; ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K02133] [EC:7.1.2.2]
101532542  ATP5F1C; ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02136]
101535571  ATP5F1D; ATP synthase subunit delta, mitochondrial [KO:K02134]
101526564  ATP5F1E; ATP synthase subunit epsilon, mitochondrial [KO:K02135]
2717272  ATP6; ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [KO:K02126]
101516574  ATP5PB; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial [KO:K02127]
118760177  ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02128]
101530685  ATP5MC2; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
101534974  ATP5MC1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
101525871  ATP5MC3; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C3, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
101534009  ATP5PD; ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K02138]
101528978  ATP5PO; ATP synthase subunit O, mitochondrial [KO:K02137]
101520104  ATP5PF; ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial [KO:K02131]
2717273  ATP8; ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 [KO:K02125]
101529823  HSD17B10; 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type-2 isoform X1 [KO:K08683] [EC:1.1.1.35 1.1.1.178]
101531603  PPID; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase D [KO:K05864] [EC:5.2.1.8]
101526482  VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862]
101532282  VDAC2; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 [KO:K15040]
101518154  voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2-like isoform X2 [KO:K15040]
101516372  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 isoform X2 [KO:K15041]
101530424  SLC25A4; ADP/ATP translocase 1 [KO:K05863]
101522638  SLC25A5; ADP/ATP translocase 2 [KO:K05863]
101522397  SLC25A31; ADP/ATP translocase 4 [KO:K05863]
101523520  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ADP/ATP translocase 2-like [KO:K05863]
101534950  PPIF; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase F, mitochondrial [KO:K09565] [EC:5.2.1.8]
101522573  LPL; lipoprotein lipase [KO:K01059] [EC:3.1.1.34]
101522351  APOE; apolipoprotein E [KO:K04524]
101521616  LRP1; prolow-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 [KO:K04550]
101528938  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390]
101530319  TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158]
101521668  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
101521762  CASP8; caspase-8 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
101530204  BID; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: BH3-interacting domain death agonist [KO:K04726]
101522293  CALM2; calmodulin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
101516106  CALM1; calmodulin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
101519171  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 [KO:K02183]
101529054  CALML5; calmodulin-like protein 5 [KO:K02183]
101529298  CALML3; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K02183]
101516467  CALM3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
101525028  PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101520360  PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101532074  PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101516165  PPP3R1; calcineurin subunit B type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06268]
101517961  PPP3R2; calcineurin subunit B type 2 [KO:K06268]
101534340  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
101519014  cytochrome c, somatic [KO:K08738]
105941493  cytochrome c, testis-specific [KO:K08738]
105941968  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
101526617  cytochrome c, somatic-like [KO:K08738]
101527226  cytochrome c, somatic-like [KO:K08738]
101517311  APAF1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 [KO:K02084]
101526499  CASP9; caspase-9 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
101531640  CASP3; caspase-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
101526608  CHRM1; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 [KO:K04129]
101529171  CHRM3; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 [KO:K04131]
101526778  CHRM5; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 [KO:K04133]
101517326  GRM5; metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 [KO:K04604]
101517012  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
101524349  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101524739  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101529337  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101520538  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101526017  GRIN1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform X2 [KO:K05208]
101527561  GRIN2A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A isoform X1 [KO:K05209]
101523627  GRIN2B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B [KO:K05210]
101536780  GRIN2C; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C isoform X1 [KO:K05211]
101535807  GRIN2D; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D [KO:K05212]
101536063  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
101524545  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
101519864  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853]
101529015  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857]
101518087  CHRNA7; neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 [KO:K04809]
101519117  MCU; calcium uniporter protein, mitochondrial [KO:K20858]
101530701  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101525427  mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101532988  RYR3; ryanodine receptor 3 [KO:K04963]
101524859  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
101526097  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
101516441  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X2 [KO:K04960]
101534898  ATP2A3; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
101528226  ATP2A1; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
101534415  ATP2A2; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
101524018  ATF6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha [KO:K09054]
101536694  XBP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: X-box-binding protein 1 [KO:K09027]
101525099  DDIT3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein [KO:K04452]
101526751  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
101527487  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101527835  TRAF2; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 isoform X2 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
101530376  MAP3K5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
101518825  MAP2K7; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04431] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101531453  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101524844  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101518695  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101522715  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
101521567  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
101536178  PSMA6; proteasome subunit alpha type-6 [KO:K02730] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101521385  PSMA2; proteasome subunit alpha type-2 [KO:K02726] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101529481  PSMA4; proteasome subunit alpha type-4 [KO:K02728] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101518095  proteasome subunit alpha type-4-like [KO:K02728] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101532208  PSMA7; proteasome subunit alpha type-7 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101523176  PSMA8; proteasome subunit alpha-type 8 isoform X2 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101527124  PSMA5; proteasome subunit alpha type-5 [KO:K02729] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101519213  PSMA1; proteasome subunit alpha type-1 [KO:K02725] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101520053  PSMA3; proteasome subunit alpha type-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02727] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101520939  PSMB6; proteasome subunit beta type-6 [KO:K02738] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101519065  PSMB7; proteasome subunit beta type-7 [KO:K02739] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101528419  PSMB3; proteasome subunit beta type-3 [KO:K02735] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101531524  PSMB2; proteasome subunit beta type-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02734] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101518465  PSMB5; proteasome subunit beta type-5 [KO:K02737] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101523805  PSMB1; proteasome subunit beta type-1 [KO:K02732] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101531019  PSMB4; proteasome subunit beta type-4 [KO:K02736] [EC:3.4.25.1]
101516583  PSMC1; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 4 isoform X1 [KO:K03062]
101517447  PSMC4; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B [KO:K03063]
101535756  26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B-like [KO:K03063]
101530445  PSMC6; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 10B isoform X1 [KO:K03064]
101524950  PSMC3; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6A [KO:K03065]
101530966  PSMC5; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 8 [KO:K03066]
101526204  PSMD2; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2 isoform X3 [KO:K03028]
101520787  PSMD1; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K03032]
101530323  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1-like [KO:K03032]
101530301  PSMD3; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 3 [KO:K03033]
101517437  PSMD9; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 9 isoform X1 [KO:K06693]
101524737  PSMD12; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 12 isoform X1 [KO:K03035]
101530720  PSMD11; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 11 [KO:K03036]
101534207  PSMD6; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K03037]
101533164  PSMD7; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 7 [KO:K03038]
101523268  26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 7-like [KO:K03038]
101530419  PSMD13; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 13 [KO:K03039]
101529788  PSMD4; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 4 isoform X1 [KO:K03029]
101524760  PSMD14; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14 [KO:K03030]
101518333  PSMD8; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 8 [KO:K03031]
101527302  ADRM1; proteasomal ubiquitin receptor ADRM1 isoform X1 [KO:K06691]
101536570  SEM1; 26S proteasome complex subunit SEM1 [KO:K10881]
101522128  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 26S proteasome complex subunit SEM1-like [KO:K10881]
101527416  26S proteasome complex subunit SEM1-like [KO:K10881]
101522087  NOS1; nitric oxide synthase, brain isoform X2 [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
101533134  CAPN1; calpain-1 catalytic subunit [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
101532667  CAPN2; calpain-2 catalytic subunit [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
101530475  CDK5R1; cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator 1 [KO:K11716]
101530690  SLC39A2; zinc transporter ZIP2 [KO:K14709]
101517024  SLC39A3; zinc transporter ZIP3 [KO:K14709]
101523049  SLC39A1; zinc transporter ZIP1 isoform X1 [KO:K14709]
101526713  SLC39A4; zinc transporter ZIP4 [KO:K14710]
101536190  SLC39A5; zinc transporter ZIP5 [KO:K14711]
101516565  SLC39A6; zinc transporter ZIP6 [KO:K14712]
101533999  SLC39A7; zinc transporter SLC39A7 isoform X1 [KO:K14713]
101531834  SLC39A8; metal cation symporter ZIP8 [KO:K14714]
101518380  SLC39A9; zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform X1 [KO:K14715]
101528186  SLC39A10; zinc transporter ZIP10 [KO:K14716]
101518814  SLC39A11; zinc transporter ZIP11 isoform X1 [KO:K14717]
101522361  SLC39A12; zinc transporter ZIP12 [KO:K14718]
101525187  SLC39A13; zinc transporter ZIP13 isoform X1 [KO:K14719]
101520599  SLC39A14; metal cation symporter ZIP14 [KO:K14720]
101529528  SLC11A2; natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 2 [KO:K21398]
101519803  CDK5; cyclin-dependent-like kinase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K02090] [EC:2.7.11.22]
101533693  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
101528295  CASP7; caspase-7 [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
101526471  DKK1; dickkopf-related protein 1 [KO:K02165]
101525215  DKK4; dickkopf-related protein 4 [KO:K02165]
101526353  DKK2; dickkopf-related protein 2 [KO:K02165]
101526533  WNT1; proto-oncogene Wnt-1 [KO:K03209]
101519545  WNT2; protein Wnt-2 [KO:K00182]
101535993  WNT2B; protein Wnt-2b [KO:K00182]
101531097  WNT3A; protein Wnt-3a [KO:K00312]
101519718  WNT3; proto-oncogene Wnt-3 [KO:K00312]
101532229  WNT4; protein Wnt-4 [KO:K00408]
101533147  WNT5B; protein Wnt-5b [KO:K00444]
101526139  WNT5A; protein Wnt-5a [KO:K00444]
101518428  WNT6; protein Wnt-6 [KO:K00445]
101525411  WNT7A; protein Wnt-7a isoform X1 [KO:K00572]
101527317  WNT7B; protein Wnt-7b isoform X1 [KO:K00572]
101535038  WNT8A; protein Wnt-8a [KO:K00714]
101530831  WNT8B; protein Wnt-8b [KO:K00714]
101535462  WNT9A; protein Wnt-9a [KO:K01064]
101519468  WNT9B; protein Wnt-9b [KO:K01064]
101526780  WNT10B; protein Wnt-10b [KO:K01357]
101518185  WNT10A; protein Wnt-10a [KO:K01357]
101530628  WNT11; protein Wnt-11 isoform X1 [KO:K01384]
101521646  WNT16; protein Wnt-16 [KO:K01558]
101528861  FZD1; frizzled-1 [KO:K02432]
101519819  FZD7; frizzled-7 [KO:K02432]
101520542  FZD2; frizzled-2 [KO:K02235]
101528374  FZD3; frizzled-3 [KO:K02329]
101518239  FZD4; frizzled-4 [KO:K02354]
101532093  FZD5; frizzled-5 [KO:K02375]
101517741  FZD8; frizzled-8 [KO:K02375]
101524151  FZD6; frizzled-6 [KO:K02376]
101519524  FZD9; frizzled-9 [KO:K02842]
101520287  FZD10; frizzled-10 [KO:K02842]
101517031  LRP5; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 [KO:K03068]
101517587  LRP6; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 [KO:K03068]
101525679  CSNK1E; casein kinase I isoform X1 [KO:K08960] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101522688  DVL1; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 [KO:K02353]
101528918  DVL3; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
101516456  DVL2; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
101520075  FRAT1; proto-oncogene FRAT1 [KO:K03069]
101522550  CSNK2A1; casein kinase II subunit alpha [KO:K03097] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101532766  CSNK2A2; casein kinase II subunit alpha' [KO:K03097] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101523254  CSNK2B; casein kinase II subunit beta [KO:K03115]
101533051  AXIN1; axin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02157]
101522655  AXIN2; axin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04385]
101516222  APC2; adenomatous polyposis coli protein 2 [KO:K02085]
101526321  APC; adenomatous polyposis coli protein [KO:K02085]
101528934  CTNNB1; catenin beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02105]
101535269  casein kinase I-like [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101516751  casein kinase I-like [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101520021  casein kinase I-like [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101532141  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: casein kinase I-like [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101519529  casein kinase I-like [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101530782  casein kinase I-like [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101530428  casein kinase I-like [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101516511  casein kinase I-like [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101519787  casein kinase I-like [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101522229  casein kinase I-like [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101518228  CSNK1A1; casein kinase I isoform X1 [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101534687  casein kinase I-like [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101526470  KIF5A; kinesin heavy chain isoform X1 [KO:K10396]
101524443  KIF5C; kinesin heavy chain [KO:K10396]
101520184  KIF5B; kinesin-1 heavy chain [KO:K10396]
101521355  KLC3; kinesin light chain 3 [KO:K10407]
101519202  KLC4; kinesin light chain 4 [KO:K10407]
101520254  KLC1; kinesin light chain 1 [KO:K10407]
101525146  KLC2; kinesin light chain 2 isoform X2 [KO:K10407]
101516885  tubulin alpha-1C chain-like [KO:K07374]
101520486  tubulin alpha-3 chain-like [KO:K07374]
101535732  TUBA4A; tubulin alpha-4A chain isoform X1 [KO:K07374]
101533567  tubulin alpha-1 chain [KO:K07374]
101521602  TUBA8; tubulin alpha-8 chain [KO:K07374]
101526001  TUBAL3; tubulin alpha chain-like 3 [KO:K07374]
101531192  tubulin alpha-8 chain-like [KO:K07374]
101529344  tubulin alpha-3 chain [KO:K07374]
101530329  TUBB; tubulin beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K07375]
101536417  TUBB3; tubulin beta-3 chain [KO:K07375]
101530032  TUBB1; tubulin beta-1 chain [KO:K07375]
101525620  TUBB4B; tubulin beta-4B chain [KO:K07375]
101521021  TUBB4A; tubulin beta-4A chain isoform X3 [KO:K07375]
101517767  tubulin beta-2A chain isoform X5 [KO:K07375]
101525225  tubulin beta-2A chain-like [KO:K07375]
101523267  TUBB6; tubulin beta-6 chain isoform X1 [KO:K07375]
101535661  AGER; advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor [KO:K19722]
101531636  HRAS; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
101534080  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
101524465  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
101529871  ARAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101526188  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X2 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101534290  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X2 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101533612  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
105942099  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2-like [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101529486  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101535940  NOX1; NADPH oxidase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08008]
101520179  cytochrome b-245 heavy chain [KO:K21421] [EC:1.-.-.-]
101516761  NOX4; NADPH oxidase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K21423] [EC:1.6.3.-]
101530066  RELA; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
101531611  NFKB1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit [KO:K02580]
101535394  NOS2; nitric oxide synthase, inducible [KO:K13241] [EC:1.14.13.39]
101536557  PTGS2; prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 [KO:K11987] [EC:1.14.99.1]
101525561  TNF; tumor necrosis factor isoform X2 [KO:K03156]
101531329  IL6; interleukin-6 precursor [KO:K05405]
101534324  IL1A; interleukin-1 alpha [KO:K04383]
101529213  IL1B; interleukin-1 beta [KO:K04519]
101530838  CSF1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 [KO:K05453]
101526422  SNCA; alpha-synuclein isoform X1 [KO:K04528]
105941681  EIF2AK2; interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase [KO:K16195] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101536073  CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
101517015  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
101535976  IKBKG; NF-kappa-B essential modulator [KO:K07210]
101533865  insulin isoform X2 [KO:K04526]
101530887  INSR; insulin receptor [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
101526197  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
101527103  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
101525112  insulin receptor substrate 1-like [KO:K17445]
101528328  IRS4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K17446]
101532354  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
101517982  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
101528030  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
101519449  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101533851  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X3 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101533024  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101533296  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101519021  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101525801  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101525384  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101521994  ULK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X2 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101536556  ULK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101518211  ATG101; autophagy-related protein 101 [KO:K19730]
101529120  ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
101534452  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
101529943  AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17985]
101525966  BECN2; beclin-2 [KO:K08334]
101531849  BECN1; beclin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K08334]
101525518  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101535104  ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
101532281  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21246]
101532025  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
101522716  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B [KO:K17906]
101536047  ATG2A; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
101521256  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 [KO:K17908]
101529648  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00038  Zinc cation
C00070  Copper
C00076  Calcium cation
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00704  Superoxide
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01319  Hg
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C14818  Fe2+
C16514  Amyloid beta protein 40
C16515  Amyloid beta protein 42
C16845  Peroxynitrite
C19610  Manganese(2+)
C21011  [Protein]-N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine
C21012  [Protein]-N(epsilon)-(carboxyethyl)lysine
C21013  [Protein]-pyrraline
C21014  [Protein]-pentosidine
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Apoptotic mechanisms in Alzheimer neurofibrillary degeneration: cause or effect?
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pathway
opi00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
opi03050  Proteasome
opi04020  Calcium signaling pathway
opi04140  Autophagy - animal
opi04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
opi04210  Apoptosis
opi04310  Wnt signaling pathway
opi04910  Insulin signaling pathway
opi04933  AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications
KO pathway
ko05010   
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