PATHWAY: csab05022 Help
Entry
Name
Pathways of neurodegeneration - multiple diseases - Chlorocebus sabaeus (green monkey)
Description
Neurodegeneration is generally defined as progressive, irreversible loss of neurons, which may affect either the peripheral or central nervous system (CNS). Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) include highly debilitating illnesses, such as Alzheimer (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington disease, spinocerebellar ataxias, and prion diseases (PrD). The hallmark event, which is thought to be at the root of these diseases, is the progressive accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates. Major basic processes include abnormal protein dynamics due to deficiency of the ubiquitin-proteosome-autophagy system, oxidative stress and free radical formation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and (secondary) disruptions of axonal transport.
Class
Human Diseases; Neurodegenerative disease
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
csab05022 Pathways of neurodegeneration - multiple diseases
Organism
Chlorocebus sabaeus (green monkey) [GN:
csab ]
Gene
103216438 ACTR1A; ARP1 actin-related protein 1 homolog A, centractin alpha [KO:K16575 ]
103216644 ATP5O; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, O subunit [KO:K02137 ]
103217364 ATP5G3; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex subunit C3 (subunit 9) [KO:K02128 ]
103217652 ALS2; ALS2, alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor [KO:K04575 ]
103217773 ATP5J; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex subunit F6 [KO:K02131 ]
103218385 CACNA1C; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C [KO:K04850 ]
103218664 GRIN2B; glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B [KO:K05210 ]
103219106 PPP3R2; protein phosphatase 3 regulatory subunit B, beta [KO:K06268 ]
103219325 C12H9orf72; chromosome 12 open reading frame, human C9orf72 [KO:K23609 ]
103220127 PPP3R1; protein phosphatase 3 regulatory subunit B, alpha [KO:K06268 ]
103221709 AGER; advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor [KO:K19722 ]
103222477 ATP5A1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, alpha subunit 1, cardiac muscle [KO:K02132 ]
103223148 UQCR10; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, complex III subunit X [KO:K00419 ]
103223683 TOMM40L; translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 like [KO:K11518 ]
103224226 ATP5F1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex subunit B1 [KO:K02127 ]
103224893 UQCRH; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase hinge protein [KO:K00416 ]
103227597 UQCRC1; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein I [KO:K00414 ]
103227762 CACNA1D; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 D [KO:K04851 ]
103228072 GRIN2A; glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A [KO:K05209 ]
103229205 EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha [KO:K03237 ]
103229564 UQCR2; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein II [KO:K00415 ]
103230339 CACNA1S; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 S [KO:K04857 ]
103230861 MAP1LC3C; microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 gamma [KO:K10435 ]
103231971 CACNA1F; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 F [KO:K04853 ]
103232235 COX7B; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial [KO:K02271 ]
103233426 MAP1LC3B; microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta [KO:K10435 ]
103233597 ATP5D; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, delta subunit [KO:K02134 ]
103234186 UBA52; ubiquitin A-52 residue ribosomal protein fusion product 1 [KO:K02927 ]
103234840 TOMM40; translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 [KO:K11518 ]
103234973 GRIN2D; glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2D [KO:K05212 ]
103236206 TRPC3; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 3 [KO:K04966 ]
103236440 GRIA2; glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2 [KO:K05198 ]
103237855 ATP5C1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, gamma polypeptide 1 [KO:K02136 ]
103238407 ATP5G2; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex subunit C2 (subunit 9) [KO:K02128 ]
103238538 ATP5B; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, beta polypeptide [KO:K02133 ] [EC:7.1.2.2 ]
103238561 NDUFA4L2; NDUFA4, mitochondrial complex associated like 2 [KO:K03948 ]
103239541 CACNA1B; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 B [KO:K04849 ]
103239575 GRIN1; glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1 [KO:K05208 ]
103240600 FIG4; FIG4 phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase [KO:K22913 ] [EC:3.1.3.-]
103241091 ACTR1B; ARP1 actin-related protein 1 homolog B, centractin beta [KO:K16575 ]
103242490 SMCR8; Smith-Magenis syndrome chromosome region, candidate 8 [KO:K23611 ]
103242698 CDK5R1; cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K11716 ]
103243059 ATP5H; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex subunit D [KO:K02138 ]
103243074 GRIN2C; glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2C [KO:K05211 ]
103243149 WIPI1; WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 1 [KO:K17908 ]
103243426 ATP5E; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, epsilon subunit [KO:K02135 ]
103243629 ATP5G1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex subunit C1 (subunit 9) [KO:K02128 ]
103243885 COX7A2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02270 ]
103244527 UQCRQ; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex III subunit VII [KO:K00418 ]
103244826 GRIA1; glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 1 [KO:K05197 ]
103245320 COX5A; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial [KO:K02264 ]
103245932 CHRNA7; cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 7 subunit [KO:K04809 ]
103246147 COX7B2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B2, mitochondrial [KO:K02271 ]
103246815 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1) [KO:K04392 ]
103246841 WIPI2; WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2 [KO:K17908 ]
103247371 GRIA3; glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 3 [KO:K05199 ]
103248371 GRIA4; glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 4 [KO:K05200 ]
103248775 MAP1LC3A; microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha [KO:K10435 ]
Compound
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04599 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
C11310 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
C16514 Amyloid beta protein 40
C16515 Amyloid beta protein 42
C21011 [Protein]-N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine
C21012 [Protein]-N(epsilon)-(carboxyethyl)lysine
Reference
Authors
Gan L, Cookson MR, Petrucelli L, La Spada AR
Title
Converging pathways in neurodegeneration, from genetics to mechanisms.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dugger BN, Dickson DW
Title
Pathology of Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jellinger KA
Title
Basic mechanisms of neurodegeneration: a critical update.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jellinger KA
Title
Recent advances in our understanding of neurodegeneration.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Van Bulck M, Sierra-Magro A, Alarcon-Gil J, Perez-Castillo A, Morales-Garcia JA
Title
Novel Approaches for the Treatment of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ross CA, Poirier MA
Title
Protein aggregation and neurodegenerative disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Soto C, Pritzkow S
Title
Protein misfolding, aggregation, and conformational strains in neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dantuma NP, Bott LC
Title
The ubiquitin-proteasome system in neurodegenerative diseases: precipitating factor, yet part of the solution.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zheng C, Geetha T, Babu JR
Title
Failure of ubiquitin proteasome system: risk for neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Park H, Kang JH, Lee S
Title
Autophagy in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Hunter for Aggregates.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Malik BR, Maddison DC, Smith GA, Peters OM
Title
Autophagic and endo-lysosomal dysfunction in neurodegenerative disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Metaxakis A, Ploumi C, Tavernarakis N
Title
Autophagy in Age-Associated Neurodegeneration.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Vidal RL, Matus S, Bargsted L, Hetz C
Title
Targeting autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Menzies FM, Fleming A, Caricasole A, Bento CF, Andrews SP, Ashkenazi A, Fullgrabe J, Jackson A, Jimenez Sanchez M, Karabiyik C, Licitra F, Lopez Ramirez A, Pavel M, Puri C, Renna M, Ricketts T, Schlotawa L, Vicinanza M, Won H, Zhu Y, Skidmore J, Rubinsztein DC
Title
Autophagy and Neurodegeneration: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chu CT
Title
Mechanisms of selective autophagy and mitophagy: Implications for neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kim I, Xu W, Reed JC
Title
Cell death and endoplasmic reticulum stress: disease relevance and therapeutic opportunities.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Doyle KM, Kennedy D, Gorman AM, Gupta S, Healy SJ, Samali A
Title
Unfolded proteins and endoplasmic reticulum stress in neurodegenerative disorders.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Halliday M, Hughes D, Mallucci GR
Title
Fine-tuning PERK signaling for neuroprotection.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Rozpedek-Kaminska W, Siwecka N, Wawrzynkiewicz A, Wojtczak R, Pytel D, Diehl JA, Majsterek I
Title
The PERK-Dependent Molecular Mechanisms as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hetz C, Mollereau B
Title
Disturbance of endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis in neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bezprozvanny I
Title
Calcium signaling and neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ureshino RP, Erustes AG, Bassani TB, Wachilewski P, Guarache GC, Nascimento AC, Costa AJ, Smaili SS, Pereira GJDS
Title
The Interplay between Ca(2+) Signaling Pathways and Neurodegeneration.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Golpich M, Amini E, Mohamed Z, Azman Ali R, Mohamed Ibrahim N, Ahmadiani A
Title
Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Biogenesis in Neurodegenerative diseases: Pathogenesis and Treatment.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Morfini GA, Burns M, Binder LI, Kanaan NM, LaPointe N, Bosco DA, Brown RH Jr, Brown H, Tiwari A, Hayward L, Edgar J, Nave KA, Garberrn J, Atagi Y, Song Y, Pigino G, Brady ST
Title
Axonal transport defects in neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gibbs KL, Greensmith L, Schiavo G
Title
Regulation of Axonal Transport by Protein Kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Millecamps S, Julien JP
Title
Axonal transport deficits and neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sleigh JN, Rossor AM, Fellows AD, Tosolini AP, Schiavo G
Title
Axonal transport and neurological disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Perlson E, Maday S, Fu MM, Moughamian AJ, Holzbaur EL
Title
Retrograde axonal transport: pathways to cell death?
Journal
Related pathway
csab04141 Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
csab04933 AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications
KO pathway