Entry
Name
MAPK signaling pathway - Vicugna pacos (alpaca)
Description
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is a highly conserved module that is involved in various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Mammals express at least four distinctly regulated groups of MAPKs, extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK)-1/2, Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK1/2/3), p38 proteins (p38alpha/beta/gamma/delta) and ERK5, that are activated by specific MAPKKs: MEK1/2 for ERK1/2, MKK3/6 for the p38, MKK4/7 (JNKK1/2) for the JNKs, and MEK5 for ERK5. Each MAPKK, however, can be activated by more than one MAPKKK, increasing the complexity and diversity of MAPK signalling. Presumably each MAPKKK confers responsiveness to distinct stimuli. For example, activation of ERK1/2 by growth factors depends on the MAPKKK c-Raf, but other MAPKKKs may activate ERK1/2 in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Vicugna pacos (alpaca) [GN:
vpc ]
Gene
102529757 CACNA1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344 ]
102539072 CACNA1B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849 ]
102538871 CACNA1C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850 ]
102539274 CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851 ]
102526462 CACNA1E; voltage-dependent R-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1E [KO:K04852 ]
102540844 CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853 ]
102538143 CACNA1G; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G isoform X3 [KO:K04854 ]
102530879 CACNA1H; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H isoform X4 [KO:K04855 ]
102530727 CACNA1I; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I [KO:K04856 ]
102528399 CACNA1S; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857 ]
102532132 CACNA2D1; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04858 ]
102545991 CACNA2D2; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 isoform X3 [KO:K04859 ]
102541000 CACNA2D3; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-3 [KO:K04860 ]
102539361 CACNA2D4; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-4 [KO:K04861 ]
102535867 CACNB1; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04862 ]
102537235 CACNB2; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04863 ]
102532996 CACNB3; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04864 ]
102529782 CACNB4; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 isoform X2 [KO:K04865 ]
102542838 CACNG1; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit [KO:K04866 ]
102539501 CACNG2; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit [KO:K04867 ]
102526608 CACNG3; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-3 subunit [KO:K04868 ]
107033081 CACNG4; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-4 subunit [KO:K04869 ]
102541675 CACNG5; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit [KO:K04870 ]
102544050 CACNG6; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-6 subunit [KO:K04871 ]
102542079 CACNG7; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-7 subunit [KO:K04872 ]
107035091 CACNG8; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-8 subunit [KO:K04873 ]
102536014 GNA12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 isoform X1 [KO:K04346 ]
107033627 GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
107033717 GNG14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347 ]
102540381 PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X3 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
102525703 PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
102543544 PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
102541827 RASGRF1; ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04349 ]
102528807 RASGRF2; ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12326 ]
102538823 RASGRP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: RAS guanyl-releasing protein 1 [KO:K04350 ]
102526479 FGF5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 5 [KO:K04358 ]
116285447 FGF4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 4 [KO:K04358 ]
102532564 BDNF; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: brain-derived neurotrophic factor [KO:K04355 ]
102532201 PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X1 [KO:K04359 ]
102528464 CSF1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05453 ]
102537904 FLT3LG; fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand isoform X2 [KO:K05454 ]
102536403 VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform X1 [KO:K05448 ]
102536226 VEGFB; vascular endothelial growth factor B isoform X1 [KO:K16858 ]
102543259 VEGFC; vascular endothelial growth factor C isoform X1 [KO:K05449 ]
102532449 GDNF; glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor isoform X1 [KO:K05452 ]
102525766 NGFR; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16 [KO:K02583 ]
102539391 MKNK1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 [KO:K04372 ] [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
102531881 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
102539136 TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein precursor [KO:K13375 ]
102543548 TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13376 ]
102544341 TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158 ]
102545266 IL1RAP; interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein isoform X2 [KO:K04723 ]
102536116 FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
102535267 FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04390 ]
102543993 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392 ]
102541733 RAC2; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07860 ]
102545613 RAC3; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 isoform X1 [KO:K07861 ]
102530757 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393 ]
102526687 TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein [KO:K03171 ]
102527851 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: death domain-associated protein 6-like [KO:K02308 ]
102538305 MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 isoform X1 [KO:K04729 ]
102529235 GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04402 ]
102540823 GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402 ]
102544589 growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma-like [KO:K04402 ]
102530894 TAB1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 [KO:K04403 ]
102534039 TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04404 ]
102536738 ECSIT; evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathway, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K04405 ]
102534297 MAP4K1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04408 ] [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
102543578 MAPK8IP2; C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04435 ]
102533572 MAPK8IP3; C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 3 isoform X4 [KO:K04436 ]
102543250 NFATC1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K04446 ]
102529936 NFATC3; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 [KO:K17333 ]
102542128 ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450 ]
102535279 MEF2C; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C isoform X9 [KO:K04454 ]
102526513 HSPB1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: heat shock protein beta-1 [KO:K04455 ]
102534431 CHUK; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha [KO:K04467 ] [EC:2.7.11.10 ]
102532161 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
102543994 NFKB2; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit isoform X2 [KO:K04469 ]
Compound
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Chen Z, Gibson TB, Robinson F, Silvestro L, Pearson G, Xu B, Wright A, Vanderbilt C, Cobb MH.
Title
MAP kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tanoue T, Nishida E.
Title
Docking interactions in the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dent P, Yacoub A, Fisher PB, Hagan MP, Grant S.
Title
MAPK pathways in radiation responses.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Huang EJ, Reichardt LF.
Title
Trk receptors: roles in neuronal signal transduction.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Harper SJ, LoGrasso P.
Title
Signalling for survival and death in neurones: the role of stress-activated kinases, JNK and p38.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Takeda K, Ichijo H
Title
Neuronal p38 MAPK signalling: an emerging regulator of cell fate and function in the nervous system.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yang SH, Sharrocks AD, Whitmarsh AJ.
Title
Transcriptional regulation by the MAP kinase signaling cascades.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhu X, Lee HG, Raina AK, Perry G, Smith MA.
Title
The role of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in Alzheimer's disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cho H, Lee J, Kwak NJ, Lee KH, Rha S, Kim YH, Cho YY, Yang KH, Kim K, Lim Y.
Title
Silica induces nuclear factor-kappaB activation through TAK1 and NIK in Rat2 cell line.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lemmon MA, Schlessinger J
Title
Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Skaper SD
Title
The neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors: an overview.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chu WM
Title
Tumor necrosis factor.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Newton K, Dixit VM
Title
Signaling in innate immunity and inflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gaestel M, Kotlyarov A, Kracht M
Title
Targeting innate immunity protein kinase signalling in inflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ajibade AA, Wang HY, Wang RF
Title
Cell type-specific function of TAK1 in innate immune signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Turner MD, Nedjai B, Hurst T, Pennington DJ
Title
Cytokines and chemokines: At the crossroads of cell signalling and inflammatory disease.
Journal
Related pathway
vpc04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
KO pathway
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